哈佛大學(xué)校園生活情景對(duì)話
哈佛大學(xué)校園生活情景對(duì)話
哈佛大學(xué)，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)哈佛，是著名的常春藤盟校成員之一，被公認(rèn)為是當(dāng)今世界最頂尖的高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)之一。哈佛大學(xué)是很多學(xué)生都向往的一所大學(xué)，那么你想一邊了解哈佛的校園生活，一邊練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)嗎?下面學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家?guī)?lái)有關(guān)哈佛大學(xué)校園生活的英語(yǔ)情景對(duì)話，歡迎同學(xué)們閱讀學(xué)習(xí)!
哈佛校園情景對(duì)話：追溯哈佛歷史 返回目錄
Han Meimei has just immigrated to the United States. Her new home is in Cambridge, Massachusetts. John is her new classmate and friend. They are talking about their plans for the weekend.
J:John H: Han Meimei
J： Han Meimei, What’s your plan for the weekend?
j：韓梅梅，你固末有什么計(jì)劃?
H: I plan to travel around Harvard University and know more about it. To tell you the truth, I plan to apply for Harvard after graduation from high school. It’s better to get to know it. What about you?
H:我打算去哈佛大學(xué)四處轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)，了解一下。實(shí)話告訴你，我計(jì)劃在高中畢業(yè)之后申請(qǐng) 哈佛。我最好先了解一下哈佛。你呢?
J:I get together with my Christian brothers on Saturdays.
J：我每固六都和教友們聚會(huì)。
H: Oh, my God! John, I didn’t know you are religious. You just look like a scientific kook, like Leonard in the Big Bang Theory.
H:哦，天哪!約翰，我不知道你還信教。你 看上去就像個(gè)科學(xué)狂人，像《生活大爆炸》
里的那個(gè)倫納德。
J： Come on, Han Meimei, don’t make a fuss. A lot of Americans, including many scientists, believe in religion.
J：得了，韓梅梅，別大驚小怪的。很多美國(guó)人，包括很多科學(xué)家，都信仰宗教。.
H： But I’m really surprised. I thought science and religion are not compatible，are they?
H:但我真地很吃驚。我以為科學(xué)和宗教是不相容的，難道不是嗎?
J:Yes, they are compatible. Actually, the U.S. is both the most developed and the most religious country in the world.
J：不，是可以兼容的。事實(shí)上，美國(guó)是世界上最發(fā)達(dá)、最篤信宗教的國(guó)家。
H:I’ve heard about it a little bit before, but I don’t understand. How can people believe in God since they know God doesn’t exist?
H:我以前聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，但我不理解。既然人們知道上帝不存在又怎么能相信上帝呢?
J:That’s a little complicated?. You’ll get to know it when you are acquainted with the u.s. history later on. Religion was and is a part of American people’s life. Guess what?? Even Harvard University, which is a highly academic institution, is in a sense the product of religion.
J：這有點(diǎn)復(fù)雜。以后你熟悉美國(guó)歷史后就會(huì)有所了解。不管以前還是現(xiàn)在，宗敎都 是美國(guó)人生活的一部分。知道嗎?甚至是哈佛大學(xué)這個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)性很強(qiáng)的機(jī)構(gòu)，從某 種意義上講也是宗教的產(chǎn)物。
H:Really?
H:真的嗎?
J:Absolutely! It was founded by a group of Puritan immigrants from England.
J：當(dāng)然!哈佛是由一批來(lái)自英國(guó)的清教徒移民創(chuàng)建的。
H:Why was it founded by Puritans? Where were the atheistic educators?
H:為什么由清教徒創(chuàng)建?那些無(wú)神論教育家呢?
J:Because most of the first English immigrants who came to the United States were Puritans.
J:因?yàn)榈谝慌矫绹?guó)的英國(guó)移民大多數(shù)是清教徒。
H:H:How come? I mean why most of them were religious people?
H:怎么回事?我的意思是為什么大部分人是宗教徒?
J:That’s because in the 16th and 17th century, there was a series of? religious reforms in England. Many religious separatists were persecuted and fled? to other countries.
J：那是因?yàn)樵?6和17世紀(jì)英國(guó)進(jìn)行了一系列宗敎改革。許多異敎徒遭到迫害，并 逃亡到其他國(guó)家。
H:So, you mean people didn't enjoy religious freedom in England?
H:那你的意思是人們沒(méi)有宗教自由?
J:Yes, that’s why Puritans moved to the New World? where they believed they could establish a heaven for Puritans.Later on, it was these Puritans who founded Harvard College.
J：是的，這就是清教徒遷移到美洲新大陸的原因，他們相信可以在那里建立一個(gè)清 教徒的天堂。后來(lái)，就是這些清教徒創(chuàng)建了哈佛學(xué)院。
H:Why did they want to found a college?
H:他們?yōu)槭裁聪氲揭ㄒ凰鶎W(xué)院呢?
J:Many Puritans had received classic style of higher education in Oxford University and Cambridge University back in England. They hoped that their descendants? could receive this kind of education as well.
J：很多清教徒還在英國(guó)時(shí)，在牛津大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)接受了古典式的高等敎育。他們 希望自己的后代也能接受這種教育。
H: Oh, I see.
H:噢，我明白了。
J： Actually Harvard was first named “New College”，without a formal namev
J：實(shí)際上哈佛最初的名字是"新學(xué)院”，設(shè)有一個(gè)正式名稱(chēng)。
H: When did it begin to be called Harvard University?
H:什么時(shí)候改名為哈佛的?
J: In 1639, it was renamed after its major benefactor? John Harvard. Interestingly, John
Harvard himself was a clergyman?.
J： 1639年以捐贈(zèng)者約翰·哈佛的名字重新命名。有趣的是，約翰?哈佛自己也是個(gè)牧師。
H： It seems that Harvard was predestined to? be influenced by religion.
H:貌似哈佛注定要受宗教的影響。
J: Therefore, it’s not exaggerate to claim that had there not been religion, there would not
be Harvard.
J：所以，在一定程度上說(shuō)，如果沒(méi)有宗教就沒(méi)有哈佛一點(diǎn)都不夸張。
H: Wow, I didn’t know that religion had played such an important role in Harvard history.
H:哇，我以前不知道宗教在哈佛歷史上扮演了如此重要的角色。
J: Religion has been playing an Indispensible? part in Harvard history as well as the U.S.
history.
J：宗教在美國(guó)歷史和哈佛歷史上一直都扮演著不可缺少的角色。
H: I finally begin to get to know Harvard. It seems that my knowledge of Harvard is rather poor. I have a lot work to do before applying for Harvard.
H:我終于開(kāi)始了解哈佛了?？磥?lái)我對(duì)于哈佛的知識(shí)很匱乏。在申請(qǐng)哈佛之前我有很 多工作要做。
J： Remember that Harvard is a part of the United States. So you have to know the U.S. history and culture if you want to have in-depth knowledge of Harvard. The two are closely related.
J:記住，哈佛是美國(guó)的一部分。所以，如果你想深入了解哈佛，你就必須得知道美 國(guó)的歷史和文化。兩者是緊密相連的。
H; That’s right. I have a lot to learn from you.
H:對(duì)，我要向你多多學(xué)習(xí)。
J: You can ask me any question at any time.
J：有問(wèn)題可以隨時(shí)問(wèn)我。
哈佛校園情景對(duì)話："哈佛大學(xué)"的由來(lái) 返回目錄
Han Meimei is still asking John questions about Harvard University.
H: John, I remember you said that initially? Harvard University was called “New College” or something??
H:約翰，我記得你說(shuō)過(guò)哈佛大學(xué)最初是叫“新學(xué)院”還是什么來(lái)著?
J： Yes, it was first named “New College” or “the College at New Towne”.
J：是的，剛幵始叫“新學(xué)院”或"新市民學(xué)院”。
H： But I heard that its original name is “Cambridge College”.
H:但我以前聽(tīng)說(shuō)它最初叫"劍橋?qū)W院”。
J: Oh, maybe it is because the town where the college located? was named Cambridge.
J:哦，可能因?yàn)閷W(xué)院所在的鎮(zhèn)叫劍橋吧。
H: When did it get the name “Harvard University”?
H:什么時(shí)候得了 “哈佛大學(xué)”這個(gè)名字?
J; There are two stages.First, the college was renamed “Harvard College”i n 1639. During the following nearly 140 years, it existed as a “college”. Then in 1780，in the new Massachusetts Constitution Harvard was first officially referred to as a “university”.
J:這經(jīng)歷了兩個(gè)階段。首先，學(xué)院在1639車(chē)改名為“哈佛學(xué)院”。在接下來(lái)的近 140年里，一直以“學(xué)院”存在著。然后1780年在馬薩諸塞州新憲法中，哈佛第 一次被正式稱(chēng)為“大學(xué)”。
H: I think I can guess why it was upgraded? from a college to a university. Its scale became larger and larger.
H:我想我可以猜到為什么它可以從一所學(xué)院升級(jí)為一所大學(xué)，它的規(guī)模越來(lái)越大了吧。
J: You bet?! Still, it did not reach the standard of being a university. We know that a
university usually has several or many colleges or schools. In 1780，however，Harvard ‘^University，’ had only one college，namely? Harvard College.
J： 一點(diǎn)沒(méi)錯(cuò)!但是，它仍然沒(méi)有達(dá)到一個(gè)大學(xué)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。我們知道大學(xué)通常要有幾個(gè) 或很多學(xué)院，但1780年時(shí)哈佛‘‘大學(xué)”只有一個(gè)學(xué)院，那就是哈佛學(xué)院。
H: Then, why could it be upgraded to the university status?
H:那它為什么可以升格為大學(xué)?
J： Maybe Massachusetts legislature made such an exception with the hope to spur on Harvard. Can you guess why it was renamed “Harvard”?
J:也許馬薩諸塞州議破此例是希望能鞭策哈佛。那能猜到為什么它改名叫‘‘哈佛” 嗎?
H: Let me think. Is it because someone called Harvard made contributions to the college?
H:讓我想想。是不是因?yàn)槟硞€(gè)叫哈佛的人對(duì) 學(xué)院做出了貢獻(xiàn)?
J: Wow, you，re smart!
J：哇，你很聰明啊!
H: I know that many U.S. universities are private ones, and they are founded on the basis of donations by some successful people.
H:我知道很多美國(guó)的大學(xué)都是私立學(xué)校，且 都是在某些成功人士捐肋的基礎(chǔ)上建立的。
J: And Harvard College was no exception.It was renamed in honor of? John Harvard who was the first benefactor of Harvard College.
J:哈佛學(xué)院也不例外，它改名字正是為了紀(jì) 念哈佛學(xué)院的第一個(gè)捐助者約翰·哈佛。
H: Oh, John Harvard! He got the same first name as you.
H:喔，約翰·哈佛!和你的名字一樣呀。
J： Well, it’s my honor. “John” is a very common name，but “Harvard” is a rare family name. Not only on the entire American continent but also in Britain, few people have the family name “Harvard”，
J:好吧，這是我的榮幸。"約翰“是個(gè)很普通的名字，但"哈佛”是個(gè)很罕見(jiàn)的姓。不僅在整個(gè)美洲大陸，就是在英國(guó)本土都很少有人姓‘‘哈佛”。
H: That makes Harvard University more special.
H:這讓哈佛大學(xué)顯得更特殊了。
J: Or rather?, it’s unique.
J：更確切地說(shuō)是獨(dú)特。
H: How great on earth? was John Harvard's contribution to the college?
H:約翰·哈佛對(duì)學(xué)院的貢獻(xiàn)到底有多大?
J: Upon his death in 1638, he left his entire library and half of his estate, about ￡779, to the
new institution.
J：他在1638年臨終前把他的所有藏書(shū)和一半資產(chǎn)，約779英鎊，都留綰了這所新學(xué)院。
H: That could be ai large fortune at that time.
H:在那時(shí)應(yīng)該算是一筆不小的財(cái)富了吧。
J: Yeah. The market value of his half estate is 3,500,000 dollars in 2010. In 1630s, it was nearly twice as much as one year’s financial appropriations?. It was this big fortune
that assured the continued operation of the college.
J：是的。2010年他的一半資產(chǎn)的市值是350萬(wàn)美元。在17世紀(jì)30年代，相當(dāng)于一 年財(cái)政撥款的兩倍呢。正是這筆錢(qián)保證了學(xué)院的持續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。
H： Why did he chose to donate almost all of his estate to the college? Didn’t he have children or relatives?
H:為什么他選擇把幾乎所有的遺產(chǎn)都捐贈(zèng)給學(xué)院?他設(shè)有孩子或親戚嗎?
J： I，m not quite sure. I only know that his father and four of his siblings? died in a plague? which broke out in 1625, and that he had no kids because he had got married less than one year before he died.
J：我不是很確定。我只知道他父親和他的四個(gè)兄弟姐妹在1625年爆發(fā)的一場(chǎng)瘟疫中死去了，而且因?yàn)樗Y(jié)婚不到一年就死了，所以設(shè)有孩子。
H ： Sorry to hear that.
H:很遺憾聽(tīng)到這些。
J： Maybe he left the other half of his estate to other relatives. Besides, he, like many founders of the new college, was an alumnus of Cambridge University. I guess he did want to do something for the new college.
J：也許他把另一半遺產(chǎn)留給了其他親戚吧。再說(shuō)，他和新學(xué)院的許多創(chuàng)建者一樣都 是英國(guó)劍橋大學(xué)的畢業(yè)生。我想他確實(shí)想為這所新學(xué)院倣些什么吧。
H: Maybe
H:也許吧。
J: Fortunately, the college named after him has now become one of the most outstanding universities in the world. If he knew this, John Harvard would feel greatly honored and proud.
J:幸運(yùn)的是，以他命名的學(xué)院現(xiàn)在成了世界上最出色的大學(xué)之一。如果約翰·哈佛 知道這些，他會(huì)感到無(wú)比的榮幸和驕傲的。
H: He might not expect that his donation has benefited numerous people. Since you are free this Sunday, why not show me around Harvard University?
H:他也許設(shè)想到他的捐助恩澤了很多人。旣然你星期天沒(méi)什么事兒，帶我到哈佛大學(xué)四周轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)吧。
J: OK. It’s a deal?.
J：好的，就這么說(shuō)定了。
H: Thank you. See you the day after tomorrow.
H:謝謝。后天見(jiàn)。