2017年中考英語(yǔ)模擬真題及答案(2)
D
S cientists have found that migrating (遷徙) birds fly not just in groups all the time, but in “V” formation and they have also tried to find out what good points birds get from this “V” formation. Now, a research group from the University of London may have found the answer – migrating birds fly in a “V” to save energy, according to a study published in the journal Nature.
When a bird flaps (拍打 ) its wings, it makes the air move in different directions. Scientists found in the study that the air creates an upward-moving wave at the tips of the wings (翼尖), which means that if a bird flies around the wingtips of another bird, it can get some help from the rising air and then they can use less energy to stay in the air.
But there is a small problem – the lead bird gets no lift advantage and can easily get tired. This is why a group of migrating birds change their leaders from time to time, according to The New York Times.
Scientists were also surprised to see that migrating birds timed their wing beats and changed their places in a very simple way to make the most of the lifting effect while avoiding areas where the air moved downward.
“They’re able to sense what’s going on from the bird in front, where this ‘good air’ is coming from and how to help themselves perfectly in it,” lead researcher Steven Portugal told BBC.
In fact, the “V” formation has long been thought to help birds fly more efficiently (有效地) without wasting too much energy. Jet fighters (戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)) were also found to be able to reduce their energy use by up to 18% by staying near the wingtips of other Jet fighters. Both of these findings led scientists to wonder that the “V” formation had an efficiency purpose, but until now they still don’t have enough facts to show what they are thinking about is really true.
“For scientists, the new study provides an insight into an interesting natural thing. But it could mean even more for airplane companies – helping them understand how they can imitate that with their plane formations to save energy,” said Portugal.
55. According to the new study, when birds migrate, ______.
A. they don’t often change their lead birds
B. they fly in “V” formation to make best use of lift
C. they fly in “V” formation to protect the birds behind
D. the air around them makes it hard for the lead bird to fly fast
56. What is the importance of t he new study according to the article?
A. It suggests that the “V” formation can help planes fly faster.
B. It has led scientists to study more about different kinds of birds.
C. It might help airplane companies to think of ways to save energy.
D. It shows that the jet fighters form the best shape of a “V” formation.
57. The underlined word “imitate” in the last paragraph probably means “______”.
A. use B. change C. learn D. copy
58. The writer writes the passage to ______.
A. tell how migrating birds find their ways
B. explain how birds get help from migration
C. introduce some uses of migrating birds’ “V” formation
D. report new findings about migrating birds’ “V” formation
七、閱讀還原句子(共10分，每小題2分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后方框中所給的六個(gè)句子中選出五個(gè)，分別填入文中相應(yīng)的序號(hào)后，使短文語(yǔ)義連貫，結(jié)構(gòu)完整。
Writing a funny speech is possibly a lot harder than writing a serious one. Try these steps to make it easy.
59._________. Ask your partner, friends, etc., if they agree with you that you have chosen a funny topic. If you can’t think of a funny topic, choose one on an everyday activity.
Research your topic. If you can’t think of enough witticisms (妙語(yǔ)) of your own, go online and hunt down other people’s. If you’re at a party, you won’t need to be too serious about using other people’s materials. 60._________, be sure to acknowledge (承認(rèn)) them so that you are not copying.
Write in a humorous way. 61._________. Choose something that everyone is sure to know and understand. Make jokes about your topic; that way, everyone will like to read it.
Read your speech out to someone before giving it. If he or she doesn’t laugh, this might be a sign to go back to the drawing board. 62._________. Someone who is a lot like most of your listeners would be a good listener, because you will know exactly what to say to make him or her laugh.
Have fun! If you’re nervous to give your speech because you don’t think anyone will laugh, things may go on even worse. 63._________. Chances are, you’ll never have to speak in front of them again.
A. Get a good listener
B. Choose a funny topic
C. Ask your listeners to come back
D. But if you are presenting in public
E. Humor works best when everyone “gets it”
F. So just enjoy your speech and don’t mind your listeners
八、閱讀與表達(dá)(共10分，每小題2分)
閱讀短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。
Hiking (徒步行走) in the countryside is one of life’s simple and cheap pleasures. But is it safe? Sport writer Mark Waters considers the dangers.
Imagine the following…
One day, Tom decided to take up hiking. Before going, he quickly looked at a map and decided that he could easily walk from the bus stop at Pak Tam Chung to the beach at Dai Long Wan.
After walking for hours and hours under the hot sun, Tom started to feel sick. He reached for his water but found that the bottle was empty. Then he smelt smoke and saw a fire. He called 999. However, he could not tell them where he was because he did not have a map.
Think about it …
Put yourself in Tom’s shoes. How could you stay away from the risks? One way is to learn the following common types of danger well.
1. Getting lost
Bad weather is one of the reasons why some walkers get lost. However, the most common one is not having enough knowledge of the hiking route (路線(xiàn)). Always remember to bring a map and don’t be too confident. Always choose a route that is right for you.
2. Heat stroke (中暑)
The summer in Hong Kong is very hot and wet. Many hikers forget this and walk for too long in the midday heat. They become hot and feel weak. Don’t forget it is necessary to drink 100 to 200 ml of water every 15 to 20 minutes.
3. Accident
Some of Hong Kong’s paths are very dangerous and it is not unknown for hikers to fall. Never walk alone and always bring a map and a mobile phone with you.
4. Hill fire
Every year, over 10,000 hill fires take place in Hong Kong, hurting more than 600 people. Never light fires unless you are allowed to and, if you see a hill fire, stay cool, walk away and report it quickly.
64. In Mark’s opinion, is hiking in the countryside safe or dangerous?
65. Why couldn’t Tom tell the police where he was?
66. What is the most common reason for people getting lost?
67. What will you do if you see a hill fire according to the passage?
68. What does the writer mainly talk about in the passage?
書(shū)面表達(dá)(共20分)
九、完成句子(共5分，每小題1分)
根據(jù)中文意思完成句子。
69. 天這么好，為什么不在公園多待會(huì)呢?
? What a nice day today! ______ stay in t he park for a little longer?
70. 約翰決定年底放棄打網(wǎng)球了。
John has decided to ______ tennis at the end of this year.
71. 寒假一開(kāi)始，我們?nèi)揖蜁?huì)去某個(gè)暖和的地方。
? My family always go somewhere warm ______ the winter holiday begins.
72. 我們太吵了，以致隔壁鄰居前來(lái)抱怨。
? We were ______ our next-door neighbor came to complain.
73. 我怎樣才能阻止他吸煙呢?
How can I ______?
十、文段表達(dá)(15分)
74. 根據(jù)中文和英文提示，寫(xiě)出一封意思連貫、符合邏輯、不少于50詞的回信。信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，其詞數(shù)不計(jì)入所要完成的回信內(nèi)。所給英文提示詞語(yǔ) 供選用。請(qǐng)不要寫(xiě)出你的真實(shí)姓名 和校名。
假如你叫李平，最近和英國(guó)朋友John通過(guò)郵件談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)旅游的話(huà)題，他想了解你旅游的一些具體情況，請(qǐng)根據(jù)他的問(wèn)題回復(fù)郵件。
提示詞語(yǔ)： by train / air, different places, helpful, interesting
To John
From Li Ping
Subject Travelling in our life
Hi! John,
I’m glad to hear from you. ______________________
________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Ping
2017年中考英語(yǔ)模擬試題答案
一、聽(tīng)對(duì)話(huà)，選擇與對(duì)話(huà)內(nèi)容相符的圖片(共5分，每小題1分)
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C
二、聽(tīng)對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白，根據(jù)對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白的內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案(共15分，其中6—11小題每題1分，12—17小題每題1.5分)
6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B
12. A 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. B
三、聽(tīng)獨(dú)白，記錄關(guān)鍵信息(共10分，每小題2分)
18. north 19. 109 20. fish / go fishing 21. Tuesday 22. family
四、單項(xiàng)填空(共10分，每小題1分)
23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B
28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. D
五、完形填空(共12分，每小題1分)
33. B 34. C 35. D 36. D 37. A 38. B
39. C 40. D 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. C
六、閱讀理解(共28分，每小題2分)
45. A 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. B
51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. D
七、閱讀還原句子(共10分，每小題2分)
59. B 60. D 61. E 62. A 63. F
八、閱讀與表達(dá)(共10分，每小題2分)
64. Dangerous.
65. Because he didn’t have a map / Because he got lost.
66. Not having enough knowledge of the hiking route.
67. Stay cool, walk away and report it quickly.
68. The common types of danger a hiker may face and how to deal with them.
九、根據(jù)中文意思完成句子(共5分，每小題1分)
69. Why not / Why don’t you / we
70. give up (playing)
71. as soon as
72. so noisy that
73. stop him (from) smoking
十、文段表達(dá)(共15分)
74. One possible version:
I often travel by train because it’s safer and much cheaper than taking planes. I have been to many places in China, such as Shanghai, Hangzhou and Hong Kong. In my opinion, travelling can be very helpful. You can learn more about different cultures in different places, and you can also make many friends during travelling. What do you think?
書(shū)面表達(dá)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：
第一檔：(13~15分)
完全符合題目要求，表達(dá)思想清楚且積極向上，內(nèi)容豐富。使用多種句型結(jié)構(gòu)和豐富的詞匯，語(yǔ)言通順 ，語(yǔ)意連貫，具有邏輯性。
第二檔：(9~12分)
基本符合題目要求，表達(dá)思想基本清楚，內(nèi)容完整。語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯基本滿(mǎn)足文章需要。語(yǔ)言基本通順，語(yǔ)意基本連貫。有少量語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，但不影響整體理解。
第三檔：(5~8分)
部分內(nèi)容符合題目要求，表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，內(nèi)容不夠完整。語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯錯(cuò)誤較多，語(yǔ)言不通順，影響整體理解。
第四檔：(0~4分)
與題目有關(guān)內(nèi)容不多，只是簡(jiǎn)單拼湊提示詞語(yǔ)，所寫(xiě)內(nèi)容難以理解。
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2017年中考英語(yǔ)模擬真題及答案(2)
