狀語從句的用法如何使用狀語從句
狀語從句即指在主從復(fù)合句用作狀語的從句。那狀語從句具體要怎么使用呢?以下是由學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理關(guān)于狀語從句的用法的內(nèi)容,希望大家喜歡!
狀語從句的用法
一、概說
按照其意義,狀語從句可分為時(shí)間狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、條件狀語從句、讓步狀語從句等。狀語從句是高中英語學(xué)習(xí)中的一個(gè)語法重點(diǎn),也是歷年高考重點(diǎn)考查的內(nèi)容之一。學(xué)習(xí)狀語從句主要應(yīng)注意引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞的用法與區(qū)別,以及從屬連詞在一定的語言環(huán)境中的意義與用法。
二、時(shí)間狀語從句
1. 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的從屬連詞很多,常見的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as 等。
2. 表示“當(dāng)…時(shí)候”的 while, when, as 的用法區(qū)別是:while從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞;表示帶有規(guī)律性的“每當(dāng)”或當(dāng)主、從句謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生有先后時(shí),只能用 when;當(dāng)表示“一邊…一邊…”或“隨著”時(shí),只能用 as。另外,用于此義的 as 所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句謂語只能是動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞,不能是狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如下面一道高考題的答案是 B 而不能是A:
“I’m going to the post office.” “_____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?”
A. As B. While C. Because D. If
3. until 在肯定句中通常只連用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,表示相應(yīng)動(dòng)作結(jié)束的時(shí)間;在否定句中通常連用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,表示相應(yīng)動(dòng)作開始的時(shí)間,意為“直到…才”。如:
He waited until she was about to leave. 他等著一直到她準(zhǔn)備離開。
I did not begin to work till he had gone. 他走了后我才開始工作。
4. 表示“一…就”除用 as soon as 外,還可用 the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner…than, hardly…when 等。如:
I came immediately you called. 你一來電話我就來了。
Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 她剛到就下起雪來了。
The moment I have finished I'll give you a call. 我一干完就給你打電話。
5. every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the time, the first time, any time 等以 time 結(jié)尾的詞語也可用作連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。如:
Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你進(jìn)來,請(qǐng)關(guān)門。
He didn’t tell me anything the last time I saw him. 上次我見到他時(shí)他什么也沒告訴我。
By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed. 我到家時(shí)她已睡覺了。
三、條件狀語從句
1. 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有 if, unless, as [so] long as等。如:
Don’t come unless I telephone. 除非我打電話,否則你別來。
If you watch carefully you will see how to do it. 如果你仔細(xì)瞧你會(huì)看出該怎樣做。
As long as you do your best, we’ll be happy. 只要你盡力,我們就滿意了。
2. in case 也可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,其意為“如果”、“萬一”。如:
In case I forget, please remind me about it. 如果我忘了,請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐摇?/p>
四、讓步狀語從句
1. 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有 although, though, however (=no matter how), even if(即使), whether…or(不論…還是)等連詞。如:
The speech is good, though it could be better. 這次演講不錯(cuò),雖然還可以再好一點(diǎn)。
He went out even though it was raining. 盡管下雨,他還是出去了。
2. as 也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,但要將名詞、形容詞或副詞等提到 as 前,若提前的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,要省略 a / an。如:
Teacher as he is, he can’t know everything. 雖然是老師,他也不可能什么都懂。
3. 連詞 while 有時(shí)也可表示“盡管”、“雖然”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。如:
While we don’t agree we continue to be friends. 盡管我們意見不同,我們還是朋友。
4. whatever, whoever, however, whenever, wherever 等引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。如:
Don’t lose heart whatever you do. 不管你做什么,都不要灰心。
Whoever you are, you can’t pass this way. 不管你是誰,你都不能從這里通過。
注:表示“雖然”的 though, although 不可與 but 連用,但可與 yet, still 連用。