經(jīng)典唯美簡單的英語文摘
眾所周知，英語是我們一直都要學(xué)習(xí)的，今天小編就給大家整理了英語文摘，大家快點(diǎn)來參考
世界人口 The World s Population
The first fifty years of the next millennium will be critical for the world's population. By 2050 population growth should have leveled off, but by then we'll have 10 billion people--two-thirds as many again as we have today. The rate of population growth is something we can choose right now, though: it's not something that just happens, but a matter of human choice. The choice is a complicated one,with many variables, but it remains a choice.
新千年的前50年對世界人口來說是至關(guān)重要的，到2050年，世界人口將趨于平穩(wěn)，但到那時(shí)，世界人口將達(dá)到100億，比現(xiàn)在多2/3。但人D增長率是我們現(xiàn)在能選擇的事：它不是順應(yīng)天意而產(chǎn)生的，而是人類的選擇。這一選擇相當(dāng)復(fù)雜，有許多因素，但它依然是一種選擇。
If we want to prevent a population explosion, we should take action now -or assist the poorer countries to do so. They need better government, better institutions, better labor and capital markets, better schools. Anything that increases the value of women's time and adds to the cost of caring for a child makes a woman less likely to have that child. Since big families are often seen as safety nets for illness and old age, improving poor people's access to insurance, pensions and welfare institutions also has a major impact. This can be as simple as rural credit, providing a means of saving. Finally, there is education--both for women and, perhaps even more important, for the next generation of children.
要想避免人口爆炸，我們現(xiàn)在就應(yīng)采取行動——或者說應(yīng)幫助比較窮的國家來控制人口，因?yàn)樗麄冃枰玫恼C(jī)構(gòu)、勞動力及資本市場和學(xué)校。任何使一個婦女增加撫養(yǎng)孩子的時(shí)間或撫養(yǎng)孩子費(fèi)用的事都使得那個婦女不太想要這個孩子。由于大家庭經(jīng)常被認(rèn)為是年老生病時(shí)的安全網(wǎng)，讓窮人進(jìn)一步獲得保險(xiǎn)、退休金和福利機(jī)構(gòu)的幫助也會在控制人口生育上起重大作用。這可以像農(nóng)村信用制度那樣簡單，為人們提供一種儲蓄的手段。最后還有教育問題——既有對婦女的教育，也有更重要的對下一代的教育。
These steps are there to be taken, but there appear to be some countries that are not seriously trying at the moment. If we cannot achieve that we will certainly not control population.
以上這些都是應(yīng)采取的措施，但看來有些國家目前并沒有認(rèn)真去做，如果我們不能做到這一點(diǎn)，我們就不能控制人口。
That said, I don't feel pessimistic that we are going to run out of resources: we are becoming more efficient at producing food faster than the rate at which population is increasing. There is, however, a risk that we will wreck the environment so effectively that the world will no longer be an attractive place to live. That really would be a dismal outcome, to reach world population equilibrium only to find we'd destroyed the natural environment in the process.
及此，我對我們資源殆盡并不悲觀：我們生產(chǎn)糧食的速度超過了人口增長的速度。然而，我們也存在這樣的危險(xiǎn)：我們會徹底毀壞環(huán)境，以致于地球?qū)⒉辉偈且粋€吸引人居住的地方。那確實(shí)是一個可悲的結(jié)果：實(shí)現(xiàn)了人口的平衡卻換來了自然環(huán)境的破壞。
人腦與電腦的區(qū)別
The difference between a brain and a computer can be expressed in a single word:complexity.
要形容人腦與電腦的區(qū)別只需一個詞，即：復(fù)雜。
Even the most complicated computer man has yet built can't compare in intricacy with the brain. Computer switches and comportents number in the thousands rather than in the billions.What's more, the computer switch is just an on-off device,whereas the brain cell is itself possessed of a tremendously complex inner structure.
即使是迄今為止人類制造出的最復(fù)雜的電腦如果與人腦的復(fù)雜相比也望塵莫及。電腦轉(zhuǎn)換組合出的數(shù)字只有千百萬種而不是千百億。更重要的是，電腦的轉(zhuǎn)換器只是一個開關(guān)裝置，而大腦細(xì)胞本身就具有極其復(fù)雜的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)。
Can a computer think? That depends on what you mean by "think". If solving a mathematical problem is "thinking", then a computer can "think" and do so much faster than a man. Of course, most mathematical problems can be solved quite mechanically by repeating certain straightforward processes over and over again. Even the simple computers of today can be geared for that.
電腦會“思考”嗎?這就要看你所說的“思考”是指什么了。如果解一道數(shù)學(xué)題是“思考”，那么電腦會“思考”，而且比人腦快得多。當(dāng)然，絕大多數(shù)數(shù)學(xué)題都可以通過一遍一遍機(jī)械地重復(fù)簡單的程序而得到解決。即使是現(xiàn)今簡單的計(jì)算機(jī)也能做到這點(diǎn)。
Surely, though, if a computer can be made complex enough, it can be as creative as we are. If it could be made as complex as a human brain, it could be the equivalent of a human brain and do whatever a human brain can do.
然而，電腦如果能造得夠復(fù)雜，它也能和我們一樣富于創(chuàng)造力。如果它能造得同人腦一樣復(fù)雜，它便能與人腦相媲美，并能做到人腦能做到的一切。
But how long will it take to build a computer complex enough to duplicate the human brain? Perhaps not as long as some think. Long before we approach a computer as complex as our brain, we will perhaps build a computer that is at least complex enough to design another computer more complex than itself. This more complex computer could design one still more complex and so on and so on and so on.
但是，要造出一個與人腦一樣復(fù)雜的電腦要花多長時(shí)間呢?或許不會像有些人想象的那么長。在造出與人腦一樣復(fù)雜的電腦之前，我們也許可能要先造出一個電腦，它復(fù)雜得至少能設(shè)計(jì)出比它本身更復(fù)雜的電腦。那個更復(fù)雜的電腦又能再設(shè)計(jì)出比自己更復(fù)雜的電腦，如此反復(fù)。
In other words, once we pass a certain critical point, the computers take over and there is a "complexity explosion". In a very short time thereafter, computers may exist that not only duplicate the human brain--but far surpass it.
換言之，我們一旦突破了某個極點(diǎn)，電腦將盛行起來，并導(dǎo)致“復(fù)雜性爆炸”。不久，電腦將不僅復(fù)制人腦，而且將遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超越人腦。
不要傷害蜘蛛 Spare that spider
Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race.Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders.Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings.
你可能會覺得奇怪，蜘蛛怎么會是我們的朋友呢?因?yàn)樗鼈兡芟麥缒敲炊嗟睦ハx，其中包括一些人類的大敵。要不是人類受一些食蟲動物的保護(hù)，昆蟲就會使我們無法在地球上生活下去，昆蟲會吞食我們的全部莊稼，殺死我們的成群的牛羊。我們要十分感謝那些吃昆蟲的鳥和獸，然而把它們所殺死的昆蟲全部加在一起也只相當(dāng)于蜘蛛所消滅的一小部分。此外，蜘蛛不同于其他食蟲動物，它們絲毫不危害我們和我們的財(cái)物。
Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them.One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six.
許多人認(rèn)為蜘蛛是昆蟲，但它們不是昆蟲，甚至與昆蟲毫無關(guān)系。人們幾乎一眼就能看出二者的差異，因?yàn)橹┲攵际?條腿，而昆蟲的腿從不超過6條。
How many spiders are engaged in this work on our behalf? One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch.Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects.It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day.It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.
有多少蜘蛛在為我們效力呢?一位研究蜘蛛的權(quán)威對英國南部一塊草坪上的蜘蛛作了一次調(diào)查。他估計(jì)每英畝草坪里有225萬多只蜘蛛。這就是說，在一個足球場上約有600萬只不同種類的蜘蛛。蜘蛛至少有半年忙于吃昆蟲。它們一年中消滅了多少昆蟲，我們簡直無法猜測，它們是吃不飽的動物，不滿意一日三餐。據(jù)估計(jì)，在英國蜘蛛一年里所消滅昆蟲的重量超過了這個國家人口的總重量。
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