適合背誦的英語(yǔ)美文

　　背誦是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的一種重要方法.下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編帶來的適合背誦的英語(yǔ)美文，歡迎閱讀!

　　適合背誦的英語(yǔ)美文1

　　Movie Music

　　Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”, the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent. From the very beginning, music was regarded as an indispensable accompaniment; when the Lumiere films were shown at the first public film exhibition in the United States in February 1896, they were accompanied by piano improvisations on popular tunes. At first, the music played bore no special relationship to the films; an accompaniment of any kind was sufficient. Within a very short time, however, the incongruity of playing lively music to a solemn film became apparent, and film pianists began to take some care in matching their pieces to the mood of the film.

　　As movie theaters grew in number and importance, a violinist, and perhaps a cellist, would be added to the pianist in certain cases, and in the larger movie theaters small orchestras were formed. For a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra, and very often the principal qualification for holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces. Since the conductor seldom saw the films until the night before they were to be shown(if indeed, the conductor was lucky enough to see them then), the musical arrangement was normally improvised in the greatest hurry.

　　To help meet this difficulty, film distributing companies started the practice of publishing suggestions for musical accompaniments. In 1909, for example, the Edison Company began issuing with their films such indications of mood as “pleasant”, “sad”, “lively”. The suggestions became more explicit, and so emerged the musical cue sheet containing indications of mood, the titles of suitable pieces of music, and precise directions to show where one piece led into the next.

　　Certain films had music especially composed for them. The most famous of these early special scores was that composed and arranged for D.W Griffith’s film Birth of a Nation, which was released in 1915.

　　電影插曲

　　盡管我們習(xí)慣于將1927年以前的電影稱為"無(wú)聲電影"，但是就無(wú)聲這個(gè)詞完整的意義上來說，電影從未真正的無(wú)聲過，從最初開始音樂就被視為必不可少的伴奏。當(dāng)盧米埃爾的電影在1896年2月美國(guó)首屆影片公映展覽上放映的時(shí)候，影片便用當(dāng)時(shí)的流行曲臨場(chǎng)鋼琴伴奏。最初，這些音樂伴奏與電影沒有什么特別的關(guān)系，用什么曲子伴奏都行。但在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)，為一部莊重的影片演奏快活的音樂所產(chǎn)生的不協(xié)調(diào)感變得顯而易見，因此鋼琴家們開始注意將自己的作品與影片的情調(diào)結(jié)合起來。

　　隨著影劇院在數(shù)量上與重要性上的不斷增長(zhǎng)，在一些場(chǎng)合，除了鋼琴師外，還要加上小提琴師，或許還有一位大提琴師。較大的影劇院里還組成了小型的管弦樂隊(duì)。在很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)，為各部影片選擇配樂完全掌握在樂隊(duì)指揮或隊(duì)長(zhǎng)手中，而通常把持這種職位的資格不是技巧或鑒賞品味，而是擁有一個(gè)大的音樂作品的個(gè)人收藏。因?yàn)橹钡诫娪吧嫌车那耙惶焱砩蠘逢?duì)指揮才能看到影片(如果這個(gè)指揮真正有幸能夠看到影片的話)，音樂安排通常是在非常匆忙的情況下臨場(chǎng)進(jìn)行的。

　　為了解決以上的困難，電影發(fā)行公司開辦了為音樂伴奏印制提示單的業(yè)務(wù)。例如1909年愛迪生公司開始將一些諸如"喜悅的"、"悲傷的"、"活潑的"之類表明影片情調(diào)特征的提示與影片一起發(fā)行。這些提示逐漸變得更加具體，并且出現(xiàn)了包括影片情調(diào)說明、適用樂曲名稱和樂曲轉(zhuǎn)換點(diǎn)等內(nèi)容的配樂說明單。

　　某些影片擁有專門為其創(chuàng)作的音樂。這些早期特創(chuàng)樂譜中最著名的便是為D.W.格雷夫斯1915年上映的影片《一個(gè)國(guó)家的誕生》所創(chuàng)作的音樂。

　　適合背誦的英語(yǔ)美文2

　　Cross-cultural Communication

　　International Business and Cross-cultural Communication

　　The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their foreign counterparts.

　　Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuaded and how compromise is reached within the culture of the negotiation.

　　In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthy and impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multi-million-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator’s role becomes that of an impersonal purveyor of information and cash.

　　In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiator’s position. Two traits in particular that cause cross-cultural misunderstanding are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore, American negotiators often insist on realizing short-term goals. Foreign negotiators, on the other hand, may value the relationship established between negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator.

　　Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success of negotiators. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding.

　　國(guó)際商業(yè)和跨文化交流

　　國(guó)際貿(mào)易和海外投資的增加產(chǎn)生了對(duì)具有外語(yǔ)知識(shí)和跨文化交流技巧的經(jīng)理的需求。然而，美國(guó)人在這兩方面未得到良好的訓(xùn)練，因此沒有在國(guó)際談判中像他們的外國(guó)對(duì)手一樣成功。

　　談判是為了達(dá)成協(xié)議而反復(fù)交流的過程。它包括說服和妥協(xié)。但是為了去進(jìn)行說服和妥協(xié)，談判者必須懂得在談判的文化中怎樣說服人和怎樣達(dá)成妥協(xié)。

　　在國(guó)外的國(guó)際商務(wù)談判中，美國(guó)人被視為富有和不帶個(gè)人情感。在外國(guó)談判者看來，似乎美國(guó)人代表著一個(gè)龐大的擁有數(shù)百萬(wàn)資財(cái)?shù)拇笃髽I(yè)，不用進(jìn)一步地討價(jià)還價(jià)就能出得起價(jià)錢。美國(guó)談判者的角色變成了一個(gè)沒有個(gè)人感情的信息及現(xiàn)金的供應(yīng)者。

　　對(duì)在國(guó)外的美國(guó)談判者的研究中，我們找出了損害談判者能力的幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)，或許證實(shí)這個(gè)已成定式的看法。尤其引起跨文化誤解的兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)是美國(guó)談判者的直截了當(dāng)和缺乏耐心。此外，美國(guó)談判者經(jīng)常堅(jiān)持實(shí)現(xiàn)短期目標(biāo)，而外國(guó)的談判者會(huì)珍視建立談判者之間的聯(lián)系并愿意為長(zhǎng)期利益投入時(shí)間。為了鞏固這種聯(lián)系，他們會(huì)選擇非直接的交流而不計(jì)較投入用于了解對(duì)方的時(shí)間。

　　明顯地，價(jià)值觀的不同和理解上的差異影響了談判的結(jié)果和談判者的成功與否。美國(guó)人要在國(guó)際商務(wù)談判中扮演更為有效的角色，他們就必須投入更多的努力提高跨文化的理解力。

　　適合背誦的英語(yǔ)美文3

　　Collectibles

　　Collectibles have been a part of almost every culture since ancient times. Whereas some objects have been collected for their usefulness, others have been selected for their aesthetic beauty alone. In the United States, the kinds of collectibles currently popular range from traditional objects such as stamps, coins, rare books, and art to more recent items of interest like dolls, bottles, baseball cards, and comic books.

　　Interest in collectibles has increased enormously during the past decade, in part because some collectibles have demonstrated their value as investments. Especially during cycles of high inflation, investors try to purchase tangibles that will at least retain their current market values. In general, the most traditional collectibles will be sought because they have preserved their value over the years, there is an organized auction market for them, and they are most easily sold in the event that cash is needed. Some examples of the most stable collectibles are old masters, Chinese ceramics, stamps, coins, rare books, antique jewelry, silver, porcelain, art by well-known artists, autographs, and period furniture. Other items of more recent interest include old photograph records, old magazines, post cards, baseball cards, art glass, dolls, classic cars, old bottles, and comic books. These relatively new kinds of collectibles may actually appreciate faster as short-term investments, but may not hold their value as long-term investments. Once a collectible has had its initial play, it appreciates at a fairly steady rate, supported by an increasing number of enthusiastic collectors competing for the limited supply of collectibles that become increasingly more difficult to locate.

　　收藏品

　　從古代開始，收藏品就是文化的一部分。一些物品因它們的有用性被收藏，而另一些則純粹因?yàn)樗鼈兊拿辣皇詹亍Ｔ诿绹?guó)，當(dāng)今流行的收藏品種類從傳統(tǒng)物件，如郵票、硬幣、珍本書籍、藝術(shù)品，到更近期一些的有趣的東西，如布娃娃、瓶子、壘球卡、連環(huán)漫畫冊(cè)。

　　對(duì)收藏品的興趣在過去十年中大大地增長(zhǎng)，部分原因是一些收藏品顯示出了它們的投資價(jià)值。尤其在高通貨膨脹時(shí)期，投資者盡量購(gòu)買那些至少會(huì)保持他們現(xiàn)有市場(chǎng)價(jià)值的有形資產(chǎn)。一般來說，最傳統(tǒng)的收藏品受青睞，因?yàn)樗鼈兌嗄旰笕员３制鋬r(jià)值。它們擁有完善的拍賣市場(chǎng)，在需要現(xiàn)金的時(shí)候最容易被賣掉。一些最穩(wěn)當(dāng)?shù)氖詹仄肥枪爬系漠嬜?、中?guó)陶器、郵票、硬幣、珍本書籍、古代珠寶、銀器、瓷器、著名藝術(shù)家的作品、親筆簽名和有時(shí)代特征的家具。其它更近期的物品有舊唱片、舊雜志、明信片、壘球卡片、彩色玻璃、布娃娃、早期汽車、古瓶和連環(huán)畫冊(cè)。作為短期投資這些相對(duì)說來較新穎的收藏品的確可能更快地增值，但作為長(zhǎng)期投資則可能不能保值。一旦一件收藏品有了它第一次交易，它便以一個(gè)相當(dāng)穩(wěn)定的比率增值，這個(gè)增值率受到越來越多的熱情的收藏者的支持，他們?yōu)橛邢薜亩以絹碓诫y找到的收藏品而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。