服裝類的英語(yǔ)文章閱讀
服裝類的英語(yǔ)文章閱讀
服裝是與人的生活最為關(guān)系密切的藝術(shù)門(mén)類,其審美內(nèi)在規(guī)律值得探討。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編帶來(lái)的服裝類的英語(yǔ)文章閱讀，歡迎閱讀!
服裝類的英語(yǔ)文章閱讀篇一
China's Ancient Clothing
中國(guó)的古代服裝
China's traditional clothing is characterized as magnificent, as shown in ceremonies and court, and grand and exerts immense influence on the neighboring countries. An outstanding characteristic of traditional Chinese clothing is not only an external expression of elegance，but also an internal symbolism. Each and every piece of traditional clothing communicates a sense of vitality of its own intrinsically. Such a perfect combination of external form with internal symbolism of clothing is clearly exemplified in the pair of fighting pheasant feathers used in head wear originating in the battle wear of the Warring States period(475一221 BC).Two feathers of a ho bird(a type pheasant good at fighting)were inserted into the helmet wom by warriors of this period to symbolize a bold and warlike spirit.
中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)衣著的特點(diǎn)是華麗。中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)衣著的一大顯著特點(diǎn)就在于它不僅表現(xiàn)出外在的典雅，而且還具有內(nèi)在的象征意義。每一件傳統(tǒng)服裝都傳遞出其自身所具有的內(nèi)在活力感。從人們所佩帶的一副難雞羽毛中，就可以體現(xiàn)出這種服飾的外在形式與內(nèi)在象征的完美結(jié)合。這起源于戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)代(前475一前221年)戰(zhàn)斗時(shí)的習(xí)俗。因?yàn)樵诋?dāng)時(shí)如果將兩片鳳鳥(niǎo)(這是一種非常擅長(zhǎng)戰(zhàn)斗的難鳥(niǎo))的羽毛插在武士所佩戴的頭盔上的話，便可以以此來(lái)象征大無(wú)畏的尚武精神。
According to archaeological findings，18 000-year-old artifacts such as bone sewing needles and stone beads and shells with holes bored in them attest to the existence of ornamentation and of sewing early in ancient Chinese civilization. Variety in clothing was roughly established by the era of the Yellaw Emperor and the Emperors Yao and Shun(about 4 500 years ago).Remains of woven silk and hemp articles and ancient ceramic figures further demonstrate the sophistication and refinement of clothing in the Shang Dynasty( 16th to I 1 th century BC ).
根據(jù)考古學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)，18 000年前的文化遺跡中有諸如骨針和穿孔的石珠和貝殼，它們都證明了在中國(guó)古代文明很早的時(shí)候裝飾和縫紉就已經(jīng)存在了。而到了黃帝和堯舜時(shí)代(大約距今4 500年前)，服裝的品種已經(jīng)初具規(guī)模。絲麻織物的殘片和古代的陶俑進(jìn)一步表明商代(公元前16至公元前11世紀(jì))服裝的精密程度和優(yōu)雅程度。
The three main types of traditional Chinese clothing are the pien-fu，the ch'ang-p'ao，and the shen-i. The plan-fu is an ancient two-piece ceremonial costume of a tunic-like top extending to the knees and a skirt or trousers extending to the ankles. The ch'ang-p'ao is a one-piece garment extending from the shoulders all the way to the heels. The shen-i is a cross between the pies and the ch'angp'ao;on the one hand，it consists of a tunic and a skirt or trousers like the pierfu， on the other hand，the tunic and the skirt are sewed together and essentially one piece like the ch'ang-p'ao. Consequently, the shen-i was the most widely worn of the three types. Typical of these three types of clothing were wide and voluminous sleeves and a very loose fit. Tunic and trousers or tunic and skirt，utilized a very small number of stitches for the amount of cloth used. So because of their relatively plain design and structure，embroidered edgings，decorated bands，draped cloth or silks，patterns on the shoulders，and sashes were often added as ornaments. Variety in designs came to be one of the unique features of traditional Chinese dress.
傳統(tǒng)的中國(guó)服裝可以分為棄服、長(zhǎng)袍以及深衣三種。棄服是一種分為上衣和下裳的古代裝束，它的上衣類似于束腰外衣并且長(zhǎng)至膝蓋，而其下裳則為裙子或褲子并長(zhǎng)至腳躁。長(zhǎng)袍則是由肩部到腳踵的單件外衣。深衣則是介于棄服和長(zhǎng)袍兩者之間的另一種服裝，它一方面由束腰上衣和裙子或褲子組成，這一點(diǎn)和棄服很像;而另一方面束腰_r_衣和裙子縫合在一起;實(shí)際上就像長(zhǎng)袍一樣是單件外衣。因此，深衣是這三種服裝中使用最廣泛的一種。這三種服裝的典型特征就是寬大的袖子和寬松的腰身。無(wú)論是采用束腰外衣和褲子組合還是束腰外衣和裙子組合，它們相對(duì)于所使用的布料量而言都盡可能少地使用針腳數(shù)量。由于它們的設(shè)計(jì)和結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)比較樸素，因此它們經(jīng)常繡上花邊、飾以鑲邊、輔以褶皺布料或絲料、肩部加上圖案花樣、并配上腰帶。這些不同的式樣便成為中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)服裝的一個(gè)特殊之處。
Darker colors were favored over lighter ones in traditional Chinese clothing，so the main color of ceremonial clothing tended to be dark while bright，elaborate tapestry designs actented. Lighter colored clothing was worn more frequently by the common people for everyday life and around the house use. The Chinese associate certain colors with specific seasons:green represents spring，red symbolizes summer, white represents autumn，and black symbolizes winter. The Chinese are said to have a fully developed system of matching，coordinating，and contrasting colors in apparel.
中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)服裝對(duì)暗色調(diào)的偏好程度要大于亮色調(diào)，因此禮服的主色調(diào)往往采用暗色調(diào)，然后輔之以精巧的亮色調(diào)織錦式樣。普通百姓平常生活和在家附近則通常穿亮色調(diào)的服裝。中國(guó)人將某些色彩與特定的季節(jié)聯(lián)系在一起:綠色代表春天，紅色代表夏天，白色代表秋天，而黑色則代表冬天。據(jù)說(shuō)，中國(guó)人已經(jīng)擁有一整套對(duì)服裝顏色進(jìn)行搭配、協(xié)調(diào)和對(duì)比的方法了。
China's Modern Clothing
中國(guó)的近代服裝
After the 1911 Revolution，the garments changed greatly，and the dresses and the official cap were eliminated. Particularly，hair plaits were cut off, but chi-pao(one-piece mandarin robe)still exist. The Blue Short Gown of schoolgirls was the main style，and it gradually became popular.
自從1911年辛亥革命以來(lái)，外套便產(chǎn)生了巨大的變化，同時(shí)服裝和官員所戴的帽子均被廢除。尤其是剪掉了辮子，但是旗袍(單件式滿清官袍)依然保留了下來(lái)。女學(xué)生所穿的藍(lán)色短袍成為主流款式，并且這逐漸流行起來(lái)。
The government specified the system of formal dresses of men and women in the first year of the Republic of China. Men had dress suits and routine suits. Dress suits included day suit and evening suit，which were all made of black cloth，trousers and cravats. Routine suits included Western style and Chinese style(e. g. long gown and mandarin jacket).The formal dress of women had collars and was long to the knees with buttons down the front. Skirts were decorated with cartouches in the front and back，both sides were sewn with pleats，and both ends had patterns of knots.
在中華民國(guó)元年，當(dāng)時(shí)政府規(guī)定了男子和女子的正式著裝制度。男子可以穿著禮服和常服。禮服又包括午服和晚禮服，兩者均包括黑色衣服、褲子以及領(lǐng)結(jié)。常服則包括西式和中式兩種(即長(zhǎng)袍和馬褂)。婦女所穿著的正式服裝則帶領(lǐng)子而且長(zhǎng)至膝蓋，并在前側(cè)下方綴有紐扣。裙子上配有裝飾鏡板，同時(shí)兩側(cè)均縫有褶皺，兩端則采用打結(jié)式樣。
Along with the emergence of cinema，film stars became eminent figures gradually. Shanghai City became the base camp of women's wear in China. The garments of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong became one of the branches of Shanghai City garments
隨著電影院的興起，電影明星也逐漸成為顯赫的人物。上海市成為中國(guó)婦女服飾的大本營(yíng)。廣東省和香港的外衣則成為海派外衣的一支。
Changes of Men's and Women's Costume
男子和婦女服裝的變遷
Men wore western-style clothes and Sun Yat-sen's uniform(Chinese tunic suit ) . These two styles of clothes were foreign styles，and most officials and intel lectuals more usually wore them. White garments were worn in the summer, but black or dark garments were worn in other seasons. The style with a mandarin jacket over a long gown was still one of the common dressing styles. The student's clothing with erect collar .three pockets and seven buttons were mainly the uniform and women included a jacket and trousers or covered with a ramie skirt(long or short small skirt fastened on body ).
男子穿著西式服裝和中山裝。這兩種風(fēng)格的服裝均為西式服裝，大多數(shù)官員和知識(shí)分子通常都穿著這些服裝。在夏天穿著白色外衣，但在其他季節(jié)則穿著黑色或暗色調(diào)外衣。在長(zhǎng)袍上穿馬褂依然是常見(jiàn)的穿著風(fēng)格。學(xué)生的服裝則采用立領(lǐng)、三個(gè)口袋以及七粒紐扣，這主要是大學(xué)和學(xué)院的學(xué)生所穿的服裝。此外，農(nóng)村男女的普通穿著方式是一件短褂加一條褲子，或是在褲子外面再罩上竺麻裙子(系在身上的小裙子，可長(zhǎng)可短)。
Women's costume changed greatly during the period，some kept the Qing Dynasty(1644一1912)style of trousers and clothes with curving front，some imitated western-style with a jacket and a skirt，most schoolgirls wore black silk skirts and short jackets that had a round lower hem and short sleeves to elbow. The common garments of social women were mainly Chi-pao.
婦女的服裝發(fā)生了巨大的變化，有些保留了清朝(1644一1912 )的褲子和衣服式樣，它們前側(cè)采用了弧形造型，有些則仿照了西式服裝并采用短褂加裙子，大多數(shù)女學(xué)生則穿著黑色的絲裙和短上衣，并且在下方有個(gè)圓形的褶邊，它的袖子較短只及肘部。社交女性的普通外衣則主要采用旗袍。
The overall tendency of new garments was divided into two types:one type was the long Chi-paos made of solid-color cloth or printed materials;characteristi-tally, laces or patterns were added to the edges，or the small waistcoat and silk scarves were over the jacket. As to the other dressing type，the upper garment and lower skirt were separated.
新式外衣的整體傾向可以分為兩種類型:一類是長(zhǎng)旗袍，它由純色布料或印花布料所制成;它的特點(diǎn)是在邊上加花邊或圖案，或是在短褂上罩小馬甲和絲巾。至于另一種穿著類型，則分別穿著上衣和裙子。
In the 1920s，people began to wear Chi-pao whose style was mostly the same as that of the Qizhuang garments(garments of banner men)existing at the end of the QingDynasty. Later，the cuff was reduced gradually，and embroidered border was not as broad as the previous one. By the end of the 1920s，dressing style was affected by that of Europe and America，and the pattern of chipao was changed significantly. By the early 19306，Chi-pao had been very popular. The main changes of garments in that time were the modifications of collar, sleeve and length，etc. The garments with high collar were popular at first，and the higher the collar, the more popular. Gradual1y，garments with low collars began to be popular，and the lower the collar，the more modern. Finally，people wore collarless and sleeveless Chi-pao.
到了上世紀(jì)20年代，人們開(kāi)始穿著旗袍，它的風(fēng)格基本上與清末的旗裝(旗人的外衣)是一樣的。之后，旗袍的袖口便逐漸收小，而且繡邊也不像之前那么寬了。到了上世紀(jì)20年代末，服裝式樣受到了歐美的影響，而旗袍的式樣也發(fā)生了巨大的變化。到了上世紀(jì)30年代初，旗袍已經(jīng)極為流行了。當(dāng)時(shí)外衣的主要變化是對(duì)領(lǐng)口、袖子以及長(zhǎng)度等進(jìn)行了修改。高領(lǐng)外衣起初十分流行，而且領(lǐng)口越高越流行。低領(lǐng)外衣逐漸開(kāi)始風(fēng)靡，而且領(lǐng)口越低越時(shí)髦。最后，人們開(kāi)始穿著無(wú)領(lǐng)、無(wú)袖的旗袍了。
Influence of Foreign Costume
西方服裝的影響
With the inflow of foreign goods into China，western life styles penetrated into the society. Women living in Chinese big cities often attended social activities in the 19305一19405. All this resulted into the change of social morals accordingly. Women wore the western-style clothing and skirt together with glass and watch，and sunshade in hands，looking more modern and romantic. The modem fashion-able dress of Europe and Japan affected Chinese women in terms of short skirts， underwear and colors， etc. More and more women began to imitate ahem，and some e}len imitated the simple dressing style of America. Ladies who liked sports always wore red pleated skirts and used brassiere to replace the old-time bellyband (an undervvear that was made of red embroidery cloth and hung from the neck with gold or silver chains，it came down from ancient times).In addition,women's one-piece dress was more popular. During the 19205一19405，fur coats were still popular in rich families.
隨著西方商品進(jìn)人中國(guó)，西方的生活方式開(kāi)始滲透社會(huì)。居住在大城市中的婦女在上世紀(jì)30年代至40年代經(jīng)常參加社交活動(dòng)。所有這些導(dǎo)致社會(huì)道德出現(xiàn)了相應(yīng)變化。婦女們穿著西式的衣服和裙子，戴著眼鏡和手表，手里打著太陽(yáng)傘，看上去更加時(shí)髦、浪漫。歐洲和日本近代的流行服裝在短裙、內(nèi)衣以及顏色等方面對(duì)中國(guó)婦女產(chǎn)生了影響。越來(lái)越多的婦女開(kāi)始對(duì)此進(jìn)行模仿，有些婦女甚至模仿美國(guó)簡(jiǎn)約的著裝風(fēng)格。喜愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)的婦女經(jīng)常穿著紅色褶皺裙并用文胸來(lái)取代之前所使用的肚兜(一種用紅色刺繡布料制成的內(nèi)衣并用金、銀鎖鏈懸掛在頸部，它自從古代便一直得以使用)。此外，女式單件服裝也更加流行。在20世紀(jì)20年代至40年代，毛皮大衣在富裕家庭中依然十分盛行。
Today's Clothing
如今的服裝
China's fashion designers use a mixture of traditional and modern ideas to create new fashions. These new fashions also incorporate age-old motifs such as guardian deities, lions，and masks of Chinese opera characters. Chinese bronze is another source of printed，woven，and embroidered design for clothes. Some of the distinctive designs include dragons，phoenixes，clouds，and lightning. Motifs from traditional Chinese painting also end up in woven or printed fashion designs.
中國(guó)的時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師運(yùn)用了各種傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代理念來(lái)創(chuàng)造出新的時(shí)裝。這些新式時(shí)裝還加入了古老的圖案，例如守護(hù)神、獅子以及中國(guó)京劇人物所使用的面具。服裝上還印上、織上或縫上中國(guó)青銅器的圖案。某些獨(dú)特的設(shè)計(jì)圖案包括龍、鳳、云以及閃電。傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)畫(huà)中的圖案也被編織或印在時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)中。
Many accessories such as macrame are used to decorate shoulders, bodices, pockets, seams，and openings of clothing，as well as belts，hair ornaments，and necklaces. Some successful examples of combinations of modern and traditional fashion elements are the modern bridal tiara，based on a Sung Dynasty design and the Hunan Province style of embroidered sash made in the traditional colors of pure red，blue, and green. From these examples，it can be seen how traditional Chinese dress is the foundation of modern fashion. However, the Chinese have also adopted many Western styles of clothing such as business suits and jeans
為了裝飾衣服的肩部、胸衣、口袋、縫合線、開(kāi)口以及腰帶、頭飾以及項(xiàng)鏈，采用了諸如流蘇等許多裝飾品。有許多例子成功地將現(xiàn)代和傳統(tǒng)的時(shí)裝要素融合在一起，其中有現(xiàn)代化的新娘冠飾，它采用了宋朝的設(shè)計(jì)和湖南風(fēng)格的刺繡飾帶，并且色調(diào)使用了傳統(tǒng)的大紅色、藍(lán)色以及綠色。從這些例子可以看出傳統(tǒng)的中國(guó)服飾乃是現(xiàn)代時(shí)裝的基礎(chǔ)。但是中國(guó)人也采用了許多西式的服裝，例如商務(wù)套裝和牛仔。
In modern society，Chinese men are seen at social occasions wearing ceremovial clothes in two varieties on formal occasions，t. e. the dignified and refined traditional Chinese long gown and the Sun Yat-sen's uniform，which is a creative blending of fashion elements from the East and West, and a milestone in the history of Chinese garment design-was hailed as the "State Suit".White women often wear the ch'i-p'ao，a modified version of a traditional Ching Dynasty. fashion. The variations of height, length，width，and ornamentation of the collar, sleeves，skirt and basic cut of this Oriental fashion are limitless.
在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，中國(guó)男子在社交場(chǎng)合穿著兩種禮服，一種是威嚴(yán)、精巧的傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)長(zhǎng)袍，另一種則是中山裝，它創(chuàng)造性地將東西方的時(shí)裝要素揉合在一起并成為中國(guó)服裝設(shè)計(jì)史上的里程碑—被稱為“國(guó)服”。而女子則經(jīng)常穿著旗袍，這是清朝一種傳統(tǒng)時(shí)裝的現(xiàn)代化版本。這種東方時(shí)裝的領(lǐng)口、袖子以及下擺的高度、長(zhǎng)度、寬度、裝飾以及基本的剪裁方法都是不受拘束的。
服裝類的英語(yǔ)文章閱讀篇二
工作時(shí)女性應(yīng)該穿什么?
When Annette Spillane, a former Senior Manager at Ernst and Young, first started working infinance 12 years ago, there was "no concept" of fashion-forward women dressing in their ownstyle. Working in an office meant women dressing to match their male counterparts: boxyblazers, minimal jewelry, and neutral tones reigned supreme. There was nothing, minus theclicking of heels, to set them apart.
Annette Spillane是安永的前任高級(jí)經(jīng)理，當(dāng)她12年前第一次涉足金融行業(yè)時(shí)根本就沒(méi)有女性穿出自己風(fēng)格的時(shí)尚前沿概念。在辦公室工作意味著女性的穿著必須要與她們的男同事相配：休閑小西裝、小珠寶、中性色調(diào)占據(jù)了上風(fēng)。除了高跟鞋清脆的聲音，沒(méi)有什么能將他們區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。
Today, though, things are a little different. "Dress codes have definitely loosened up, it's aboutexpressing yourself," Spillane says. "My philosophy is to have one statement item; it used tobe shoes, but now it's jewelry."
然而，現(xiàn)今情況變得不一樣了。“著裝規(guī)范有一定的改動(dòng)，穿著就是要展現(xiàn)自己，” Spillane說(shuō)道。“我的觀點(diǎn)就是要有一個(gè)展現(xiàn)自我的東西，以前是鞋子，現(xiàn)在變成了珠寶。”
And she's not alone. According to data from staffing service OfficeTeam, 18 percent of seniormanagers say employees are "much less formally dressed" than they were five years ago; with31 percent of workers preferring business casual and 27 percent preferring no dress code atall. "More people want to show creativity, whether they are a creative person or not, and oneway to do that is through your attire," explains Brandi Britton, District President for OfficeTeam. "And there is the argument that business casual and casual attire is more comfortable."
并不是只有她一人這樣。根據(jù)OfficeTeam員工服務(wù)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，18%的高級(jí)經(jīng)理都說(shuō)現(xiàn)在員工的穿著與五年前相比遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有那么正式了;31%的人員更傾向于休閑的穿著;27%的人根本就不想要有著裝規(guī)范。“更多的人想要顯示他們的創(chuàng)意，不管他們是否有創(chuàng)意，而通過(guò)著裝表現(xiàn)就是一種方法，” OfficeTeam的區(qū)總裁BrandiBritton解釋道。“而且還有人認(rèn)為商務(wù)休閑和衣著休閑會(huì)讓人更舒適。”
"Dress codes have definitely loosened up, it's about expressing yourself."
“穿衣規(guī)范肯定有變化，現(xiàn)在就是要表現(xiàn)自我。”
This idea of comfort has prevailed throughout the tech industry, where the likes of Steve Jobsand Mark Zuckerberg pioneered sweaters, turtlenecks and jeans as office-appropriate-a dress-for-ease approach that eventually seeped into the collective conscious.
穿著舒適在高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)占據(jù)了上風(fēng)，史蒂夫•喬布斯和馬克•扎克伯格開(kāi)創(chuàng)了毛衣、高領(lǐng)毛衣和牛仔褲的先鋒，作為辦公室穿著舒適的途徑，并最終得到了集體的贊同。
"In tech, what are you doing? You're sitting at your desk, so you want to be comfortable," saysErica Lockheimer, Senior Director at LinkedIn and head of the company's Women in Techinitiative. "You want to be able to kick off your shoes, hold your legs in your desk chair, listento your music and code, code, code; you're not going to do that if you're in some stiff outfit."
“在科技領(lǐng)域，你做什么呢?那就是坐在你的桌子前，因此你想要舒適點(diǎn)，” LinkedIn的高級(jí)主管兼女性科技倡議公司的老板Erica Lockheimer說(shuō)道。“你想要脫掉鞋子，把腿盤(pán)在辦公椅上，聽(tīng)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，敲敲代碼;如果你穿著緊身外套的話根本不可能做到這些。”
On the flip side, women in tech long faced pressure to "dress like a dude," says Lockheimer. "Iconformed to my environment and felt more comfortable wanting to fit in and look like themen," she says.
另一方面，科技領(lǐng)域的女性長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)都面臨著“穿著傻帽”的壓力，Lockheimer說(shuō)道。“那時(shí)候我與周遭人們的穿著一致，我想要融入進(jìn)去，穿著更像男士讓我感到更舒適，”她說(shuō)道。
Now, though, she dresses more like herself.
但現(xiàn)在，她的穿著更適合自己。
"I came to LinkedIn and I realized there was a more diverse group of people who grew up witha 'who cares' attitude and realized it shouldn't matter how I dressed," explains Lockheimer.
“我來(lái)到了LinkedIn，意識(shí)到還有很多人他們不在乎別人的看法，意識(shí)到我的穿著并不是那么重要，”Lockheimer解釋道。
服裝類的英語(yǔ)文章閱讀篇三
As heritage continues to obsess the industry, the fashion archive is becoming highly prized.
隨著古董時(shí)裝持續(xù)走紅時(shí)裝界，時(shí)裝檔案館也越來(lái)越受到追捧。
Brands are pouring resources into building museums in which to house their collections, whilecanny young designers are buying back garments from clients, or bidding against collectorsand museums to retrieve rare vintage pieces with which to build their own.
各大品牌開(kāi)始投巨資建博物館，用來(lái)收藏旗下歷年推出的時(shí)裝系列，精明的年輕設(shè)計(jì)師則從客戶手中回購(gòu)時(shí)裝，或是從藏家手中和博物館競(jìng)拍回珍稀限量款，以豐富自己的藏品。
Many brands are now using their archives to produce exhibitions as a way of extending theirbrand message.
很多品牌公司如今用自己的館藏舉辦展覽，作為擴(kuò)大自己品牌影響力的手段。
The Fondation Pierre Bergé — Yves Saint Laurent will open two museums in autumn 2017, inParis and Marrakesh, to celebrate the work of its founder, Yves Saint Laurent.
皮埃爾•貝爾熱-伊夫•圣•羅蘭基金會(huì)(Fondation Pierre Bergé-Yves Saint Laurent)建于巴黎與馬拉喀什(Marrakesh)的兩家博物館將于2017年秋季正式開(kāi)館，用來(lái)紀(jì)念品牌創(chuàng)始人伊夫•圣羅蘭的杰出成就。
The Gucci Museum, which opened in Florence in 2011, recently announced acquisitions fromTom Ford’s era at the house.
古馳博物館(The Gucci Museum)2011年在佛羅倫薩開(kāi)館，它近日宣布收購(gòu)湯姆•福特(Tom Ford)擔(dān)任古馳創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)時(shí)期所推的時(shí)裝。
The Missoni archive is on display at the Fashion and Textile Museum in London (untilSeptember 4).
米索尼(Missoni)各個(gè)時(shí)期推出的時(shí)裝不久前也在倫敦時(shí)裝與紡織品博物館(Fashion and Textile Museum)展出。
There’s a dawning realisation that if you want to be a so-called heritage brand, you have to beable to tell the story through objects, explains Sonnet Stanfill, fashion curator at the Victoriaand Albert Museum.
如今各大品牌開(kāi)始意識(shí)到：若要成為底蘊(yùn)深厚的品牌，就得通過(guò)自己各時(shí)期推出的時(shí)裝講述前世今生。倫敦維多利亞和阿爾伯特博物館(Victoria and Albert Museum)時(shí)裝策展人索妮特•斯坦菲爾(Sonnet Stanfill)這樣解釋道。
An archive can be useful for design inspiration, for lending to an exhibition, or for if youthink you’d want to do your own retrospective.
時(shí)裝檔案能有效啟發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)靈感，也可友情參展，還能自辦品牌回顧展。
Shonagh Marshall, a freelance curator who archived Alexander McQueen’s collection inpreparation for the Met’s Savage Beauty exhibition in 2015, and who has also worked on thearchive collections of Christian Louboutin and the late stylist Isabella Blow, agrees.
自由策展人肖納格•馬歇爾(Shonagn Marshall)對(duì)此也深以為然。 為了參加紐約大都會(huì)博物館2015年舉辦的亞歷山大•麥昆(Alexander McQueen)野性之美時(shí)裝特展(Savage Beauty)，他精心收藏了對(duì)方各個(gè)時(shí)期設(shè)計(jì)的時(shí)裝;他還致力于克里斯蒂安•婁伯丁(Christian Louboutin)以及已故知名設(shè)計(jì)師伊莎貝拉•布羅(IsabellaBlow)的資料檔案收藏。
The motivation often lies in the sense of building a brand, which is now entwined with culturalheritage. Keeping those objects means keeping a sense of narrative — without them you haveno assets.
建立檔案館的動(dòng)機(jī)通常在于打造品牌意識(shí)，如今它與文化遺產(chǎn)緊密關(guān)聯(lián)。收藏這些物品意味著傳承歷史——品牌沒(méi)有它們，就談不上有什么內(nèi)涵。
Kerry Taylor, who runs her own auction house, is considered a world leader in vintage fashion,antique costume and textiles.
經(jīng)營(yíng)時(shí)裝拍賣(mài)行的凱麗•泰勒(Kerry Taylor)是當(dāng)今世界在復(fù)古時(shí)裝、仿古服裝及紡織品方面的老大。
She often finds herself selling back items to design houses prepared to pay huge sums formissing pieces.
她經(jīng)常把一些藏品回售給各大品牌，對(duì)方愿出巨資購(gòu)買(mǎi)自己漏藏的款式。
Some of the more established brands, such as Dior, Balenciaga and Chanel, really see thevalue in buying back their heritage, she explains.
迪奧(Dior)、巴黎世家(Balenciaga)以及香奈兒(Chanel)這些時(shí)尚大牌現(xiàn)在真正認(rèn)識(shí)到了回購(gòu)老款時(shí)裝的重要意義。
The Chanel archive in Paris is like a glamorous high-security prison. Everything has blacklacquered sliding cabinets.
她這樣解釋道，巴黎的香奈兒檔案館猶如一座光彩奪目、戒備森嚴(yán)的監(jiān)獄，各種館藏品都掛在滑動(dòng)式黑漆柜中。
If Karl Lagerfeld wants to look at something from the 1920s or 1930s, there it is, beautifullystored and catalogued.
老佛爺(Karl Lagerfeld)若想欣賞上世紀(jì)20、30年代的香奈兒款式，來(lái)這里就可以了，它們分門(mén)別類存放于此，依然光鮮亮麗。
Not only does it reinforce the importance of the brand itself, [but also] when new designerscome along they can plunder it for ideas — and stay within the house.
此舉不僅鞏固了品牌自身的江湖地位，而且當(dāng)年輕設(shè)計(jì)師參觀時(shí)，能夠長(zhǎng)時(shí)間駐足其中，汲取設(shè)計(jì)靈感。
Pierre Bergé, one-time romantic partner and longtime business partner of Saint Laurent,started building the Saint Laurent archive soon after the brand’s foundation.
皮埃爾•貝爾熱曾是圣羅蘭的情人及長(zhǎng)期商業(yè)合伙人，圣羅蘭創(chuàng)牌后不久，他就開(kāi)始著手創(chuàng)建品牌檔案館。
It was a prescient move.
此舉頗有先見(jiàn)之明。
Yves decided to keep a dress for the first time in 1964, only two years after we founded thecouture house, says Bergé.
1964年，伊夫第一次決定收藏自己設(shè)計(jì)的一款裙子，這距我倆創(chuàng)牌僅過(guò)了兩年時(shí)間。貝爾熱回憶道。
I remember it very well, it was a brown lace dress that he loved very much.
我記得非常清楚，這是一款他愛(ài)不釋手的棕色蕾絲裙。
The Fondation Pierre Bergé-Yves Saint Laurent has since become a huge enterprise.
皮埃爾•貝爾熱-伊夫•圣•羅蘭基金會(huì)逐漸成為規(guī)?？涨暗牟┪镳^。
Besides the 5,000 garments and 15,000 accessories, our archive also contains all the originaldrawings, as well as the atelier’s specification sheets, the collection boards and a largenumber of press articles, photos and videos of collections, he continues.
除了收藏的5000件時(shí)裝以及15000件配飾外，我們的檔案館還藏有最原始的草圖以及工作室的規(guī)格表、采集板和大量時(shí)裝類新聞稿、照片及視頻。
Each piece is stored on our premises under optimal conditions: air conditioning, humiditycontrols, anti-acid paper.
他繼續(xù)道，每一件館藏品都存放于最佳環(huán)境中：空調(diào)、濕度控制以及耐酸紙。
About 10 people, mainly trained museum specialists, work on the preservation and thedocumentation of the collection.
大約10位(多為訓(xùn)練有素的博物館專業(yè)人員)負(fù)責(zé)藏品的保存及歸檔。
Bergé is proud of his ability to share the YSL story with both the public and those who head upthe design department — including newly appointed creative director Anthony Vaccarello.
能與普通民眾及圣羅蘭設(shè)計(jì)室諸負(fù)責(zé)人(其中包括新任創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)安東尼•瓦卡萊洛(Anthony Vaccarello))共同分享圣羅蘭品牌的輝煌歷史，貝爾熱對(duì)自己的成就頗感自豪。
Since we closed the couture house in 2002, the archives have always been made available tothe designers from the ready-to-wear house.
自我們2002年退隱江湖后，檔案館一直向圣羅蘭的設(shè)計(jì)師開(kāi)放。
Hedi Slimane [who left this year, and borrowed heavily from the house’s original 1960s designaesthetic] came many times.
前任創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)艾迪•斯理曼(Hedi Slimane)來(lái)過(guò)很多回。
He is a great connoisseur and admirer of Yves’ oeuvre.
他從圣羅蘭上世紀(jì)60年代的設(shè)計(jì)理念借鑒頗多，他是圣羅蘭時(shí)裝的鑒賞大師及超級(jí)粉絲。
Anthony Vaccarello immediately asked to come and visit the archives.
安東尼•瓦卡萊洛一上任，就請(qǐng)求來(lái)檔案館參觀。
One would assume most designers appointed at a house have free rein of their archive. It isn’talways so.
大家可能會(huì)認(rèn)為：大多數(shù)創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)可隨意支配所在品牌公司的館藏檔案，但事實(shí)并非如此。
Demna Gvasalia, the new creative director of Balenciaga, spent several weeks in the archiveafter he joined this year; his pre-fall collection featured oversized shearling scarfs with thehouse branding that were an exact copy of a 1930s original.
戴姆納•瓦薩利亞(Demna Gvasalia)今年新晉巴黎世家新任創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)后，曾花了數(shù)周時(shí)間泡在檔案館;他的早秋系列主推印有巴黎世家品牌標(biāo)識(shí)的特大款羊絨圍巾，它們與上世紀(jì)30年代的款式一模一樣。
But his predecessor, Nicolas Ghesquière, had a very different experience when he joined thehouse in 1997.
但瓦薩利亞的前任尼古拉斯•蓋斯基埃(Nicolas Ghesquière)1997年出任巴黎世家設(shè)計(jì)總監(jiān)時(shí)，則境況大不相同。
For years Ghesquière was blocked from the archive, partly because the pieces didn’t actuallybelong to the corporate group that bought the Balenciaga name, and partly due to tensionswith the keeper of the keys, Marie-Andrée Jouve.
蓋斯基埃好多年都無(wú)法進(jìn)檔案館參觀，部分原因是其館藏品并不真正屬于購(gòu)買(mǎi)巴黎世家商標(biāo)名的開(kāi)云集團(tuán)(Kering)，部分原因是他與檔案館的鑰匙掌管者瑪麗亞-安德蕾•朱維(Marie-Andrée Jouve)關(guān)系緊張。
He was only granted access in 2002, when the house was acquired by the Gucci Group.
他到了2002年才獲許入館，當(dāng)時(shí)巴黎世家已被新東家古馳收購(gòu)。
Other archives are simply the victim of disorder.
有些檔案館則完全毀于管理失當(dāng)。
The Givenchy archive; now there’s a shame, sighs Kerry Taylor.
紀(jì)梵希(Givenchy)檔案館如今成了業(yè)界恥辱。
Things by Hubert de Givenchy have never been properly catalogued.
凱麗•泰勒嘆氣道，于貝爾•德•紀(jì)梵希(Hubert de Givenchy)的檔案資料從來(lái)沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)確分門(mén)別類。
Their archivists come and go and it’s not a senior role.
他們的檔案館工作人員經(jīng)常變動(dòng)，完全是可有可無(wú)的角色。
Bergé and Saint Laurent were pioneers.
貝爾熱與圣羅蘭則是建立檔案館的開(kāi)天辟地者。
None of today’s most important couture houses have archives like ours, he says.
如今大多數(shù)知名時(shí)尚品牌的檔案館都比我們遜色。
They only realised the significance of having an archival department in the 1990s.
他說(shuō)，它們?cè)谏鲜兰o(jì)90年代才意識(shí)到設(shè)立專門(mén)檔案部的重要性。
Today, Gucci has a museum.
如今古馳也建有自己的時(shí)裝博物館。
Twenty years ago it had nothing.
20年前的它在這方面可是白紙一張。
I started the Gucci historical archives in 1997 from scratch, when the whole concept was verynew and innovative, explains curator Grazia Venneri.
1997年，我們從無(wú)到有開(kāi)始組建歷史檔案館，當(dāng)時(shí)整個(gè)理念非常新穎、頗具前瞻性。
Unfortunately, the Gucci family never kept samples of their production. I had to carry out asystematic research and acquisition campaign; reaching out to celebrities, private collectorsand collaborating with auction houses and vintage boutiques.
古馳檔案館館長(zhǎng)葛拉齊拉•文內(nèi)里(Grazia Venneri)解釋道，遺憾的是，古馳家族過(guò)去從不保存自己所推時(shí)裝的樣品，我只得進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)調(diào)研與收購(gòu)活動(dòng);求助于名人與個(gè)人藏家，以及與拍賣(mài)行及舊貨店合作。
When I left Gucci in 2013 we had collected and catalogued more than 5,000 products and about2,000 documents and vintage images.
2013年我離開(kāi)古馳時(shí)，已經(jīng)收集與歸類了5000多件時(shí)裝以及大約2000件文檔和老照片。
Alessandra Arezzi Boza helped build the archive of Pucci, another major Italian brand.
亞歷桑德拉•阿雷齊•博扎(Alessandra Arezzi Boza)協(xié)助建立了意大利另一知名品牌璞琪(Pucci)的檔案館。
I found a huge warehouse full of boxes, she says.
我最初看到的是堆滿各種箱子的大倉(cāng)庫(kù)。
Having been a family-run brand until 2000, with the headquarters located in the family palace,the Pucci archive had a great advantage: everything had been kept since the early 1950s —photographs, sketches, textile prints, press and of course garments and accessories — morethan 30,000 items.
她回憶道，璞琪在2000年前一直是家族企業(yè)，總部就設(shè)在自家豪華別墅里，因此建立檔案館具有得天獨(dú)厚的優(yōu)勢(shì)：自上世紀(jì)50年代初以來(lái)的一切東西都完整保留著——照片、素描圖、紡織品印花、媒體文章，當(dāng)然還有推出的所有服裝及配飾——總數(shù)超過(guò)3萬(wàn)件。
But it all needed to be organised and brought alive.
但所有東西需要分類歸檔以及‘激活’。
Motivated by their experiences, Arezzi Boza and Venneri formed a consultancy that extends intostrategy.
積累成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)后，博扎與文內(nèi)里隨后組建了拓展至戰(zhàn)略籌劃的咨詢公司。
As well as working with big Italian manufacturers keen to leverage their heritage, the duo planto help emerging talent.
除了與急切發(fā)揮自身悠久傳統(tǒng)的意大利大品牌合作之外，他倆還計(jì)劃助設(shè)計(jì)新銳以一臂之力。
For young designers, the decision to keep an archive depends on pre-empting one’s futuregreatness.
對(duì)于年輕設(shè)計(jì)師來(lái)說(shuō)，是否保存自己的時(shí)尚作品，在于自己能預(yù)知到將來(lái)必定會(huì)功成名就。
Which can seem a little grandiose.
此舉似乎顯得有點(diǎn)不切實(shí)際。
It’s a question of how important you think you’re going to be, a strange thought when you’re arecent graduate, says Shonagh Marshall.
關(guān)鍵在于你如何定位自己的未來(lái)，對(duì)初出茅廬的設(shè)計(jì)師來(lái)說(shuō)，這樣的想法的確有點(diǎn)不可思議。肖綱格•馬歇爾說(shuō)。
Then there’s the expense and space required to do it properly.
此外還有設(shè)立檔案館的費(fèi)用與場(chǎng)地。
You need not just the space but the proper storage infrastructure — thin, flat drawers forthings that can’t be hung, rails, archival tissue, manpower, cameras, computers, says Stanfill.
你不僅需要建館的場(chǎng)地，而且還需要必要的存儲(chǔ)設(shè)施——存放無(wú)法掛放東西的窄平抽屜、橫檔、包裝檔案的薄紙、人手、相機(jī)以及電腦。
If you’re in a rush, things pile up and disorder creeps in.
斯坦菲爾說(shuō)，追求短平快的話，東西就會(huì)堆積如山，失序自然就隨之而來(lái)。
Keeping things is a luxury few young designers can afford, even if the inclination to collectand reference their own past work is there. Cash flow concerns can mean items are sold offthrough sample sales. Or lost altogether.
不間斷保存好自己作品需大量人力、物力與財(cái)力，年輕設(shè)計(jì)師可求不可得，即便內(nèi)心存有收藏以及借鑒自己昔日勞動(dòng)成果的意向，大量經(jīng)費(fèi)需求有時(shí)意味著得通過(guò)特賣(mài)活動(dòng)忍痛割愛(ài)部分藏品，抑或說(shuō)永遠(yuǎn)失去它們。
In the early years, Alexander McQueen paid people in clothing, says Marshall.
亞歷山大•麥奎最早是用自己設(shè)計(jì)的時(shí)裝支付費(fèi)用。
There’s one famous lost collection; after a show he left the clothes in a bin bag outside aKing's Cross club because he didn’t have the money for the cloakroom.
馬歇爾說(shuō)，他失去自己的一款時(shí)裝的事眾所周知：一次時(shí)裝發(fā)布會(huì)后，他把時(shí)裝放在倫敦國(guó)王十字車(chē)站(King'sCross)附近某俱樂(lè)部外的塑料垃圾袋里，因?yàn)樗麤](méi)錢(qián)把它們存放于衣帽間。
The whole lot disappeared. But as the brand got bigger, the archive got bigger, particularlyafter his death in 2010.
這套時(shí)裝就這樣永遠(yuǎn)消失了。隨著亞歷山大•麥奎品牌知名度越來(lái)越大，檔案館的藏品也愈加豐富(他2010年離世后尤為如此)。
Sarah Burton regularly draws on it.
薩拉•伯頓(Sarah Burton)經(jīng)常從中汲取靈感。
London-based designer Gareth Pugh, whose work has been exhibited at the Met and theV&A, has made an effort to keep as much as possible without the help of a formalarchivist.
倫敦設(shè)計(jì)師加雷斯•普歐(Gareth Pugh)的時(shí)裝曾在大都會(huì)博物館以及維多利亞和阿爾伯特博物館展出，在沒(méi)有正式檔案專業(yè)人士幫助的情況下，他盡最大努力收藏自己的作品。
The big expense is the storage — square footage in London does not come cheap, he says.
最大的費(fèi)用是存放場(chǎng)地——倫敦每平方英尺的租費(fèi)價(jià)格不菲。他說(shuō)。
Designer Erdem Moralioglu, of Erdem, has also made a concerted effort to keep everything.
埃德姆創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)埃德姆•莫拉里奧格魯(Erdem Moralioglu)也竭盡全力收藏自己的一切作品。
Both he and Pugh keep their work in external storage facilities, outside of their studios.
他與普歐把收藏的時(shí)裝存放在自己工作室外的存儲(chǔ)設(shè)施里。
Like Pugh also, Moralioglu has made do without an archivist, although is looking to employone.
與普歐一樣，莫拉里奧格魯也是在毫無(wú)檔案專業(yè)人員的幫助下努力為之，盡管他最近打算聘請(qǐng)一位。
Like Chanel, Gucci and other mega brands, he already seems aware of the importance ofheritage: he used his 10-year brand anniversary in 2015 as a chance to spotlight past hits.
與香奈兒、古馳等大名牌一樣，他似乎也意識(shí)到了傳承的重要意義：2015年，他運(yùn)用自己創(chuàng)牌10周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)之契機(jī)，集中展示了自己過(guò)去所推時(shí)裝精品。
In doing that project, I realised very quickly how many things were missing, he explains.
在做的過(guò)程中，自己很快意識(shí)到漏藏了好多款式。
There’s a stylist in New York who has a dress from my first collection that I don’t have.
他這樣解釋道，紐約有位設(shè)計(jì)師收藏了我平生首個(gè)時(shí)裝系列的一款裙子(我自己卻沒(méi)有這款藏品)。
So I’m desperate to try to buy it off her — it’s funny to be buying back my own stuff.
所以我非常想從她手上回購(gòu)它——買(mǎi)回自己設(shè)計(jì)的時(shí)裝真是件逗事。
To him, it’s worth the trouble.
在他看來(lái)，如此折騰完全值得。
We’re all a project of what we’ve done and what we’ve shown, he says.
我們所有人都是自身勞動(dòng)成果的一部分。他說(shuō)。
Indeed, if there’s ever an illustration that brand and archive are one and the same, it’sHelmut Lang.
沒(méi)錯(cuò)，若用例子來(lái)說(shuō)明品牌與檔案館實(shí)際上完全是一回事的話，最合適的莫過(guò)于赫爾穆特•朗(HelmutLang)。
After deciding to leave fashion in 2005, and after his namesake brand was bought by the PradaGroup, he put 6,000 items through an industrial shredder.
2005年，朗決定退隱江湖、其同名品牌由普拉達(dá)(Prada)收購(gòu)后，他竟用工業(yè)粉碎機(jī)把所收藏的6000件時(shí)裝作品一毀了之。
As brands have become more interested in building their collections, so have the number ofprivate collectors increased.
各大品牌建立自己檔案館的興趣日漸濃厚，私人藏家的數(shù)量也是與日俱增。
There are some collectors out there who have better archives than the houses themselves,admits Stanfill.
有些藏家的藏品甚至比時(shí)尚品牌公司自身館藏都要豐富。
It means the museums have to get their act together, says Kerry.
斯坦菲爾坦承道，這意味著各大品牌公司博物館得繼續(xù)努力。
They do have tight budgets, but if it’s of national importance then they need to prioritise. Theycan no longer wait.
凱麗說(shuō)，這些博物館預(yù)算不多，若要成長(zhǎng)為具有全國(guó)影響力的時(shí)裝檔案館，那么就得優(yōu)先發(fā)展，因?yàn)闀r(shí)不我待。
Kim Jones, men’s artistic director of Louis Vuitton, has access to the extensive Vuittonarchive every day for inspiration, but he has also built an impressive private collection,dating from 1971 to 1992, that features more than 300 looks and encompasses everything,from club looks by 1980s performance artist Leigh Bowery to rare punk pieces by VivienneWestwood and Malcolm McLaren.
路易威登(Louis Vuitton)男裝創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)金姆•瓊斯(Kim Jones)每天都可從公司包羅萬(wàn)象的館藏作品中汲取設(shè)計(jì)靈感，但他個(gè)人的路易威登藏品也異常豐富(時(shí)間從1971年直至1992年)，其中包括了300多套時(shí)裝，它們應(yīng)有盡有，從上世紀(jì)80年代行為藝術(shù)家利•鮑厄里(Leigh Bowery)的夜店裝束到薇薇恩•韋斯特伍德(Vivienne Westwood)與馬爾科姆•麥克拉倫(Malcolm McLaren)的珍稀款朋克裝。
He’d like to eventually turn it into a book or exhibition, but, on a day-to-day level, he findsstimulus in the work of the names behind his pieces.
他想最終把它們付梓出版或是舉辦展覽，但他每天都從這些藏品中汲取靈感。
He’s lately appreciating their value, too.
他最近還認(rèn)識(shí)到了這些藏品的價(jià)值。
It was only recently, when I had to get it insured, that I realised how much it was all worth, hesays.
最近投保這些藏品時(shí)，自己才意識(shí)到它們價(jià)格不菲。他說(shuō)。
Value is an interesting word, says Marshall.
價(jià)值是個(gè)讓人感興趣的詞。馬歇爾說(shuō)。
For her, as for Jones, it’s the stories and sense of social history that make an archive trulyrelevant.
她認(rèn)為，就瓊斯而言，正是這些前世今生的故事與社會(huì)歷史意識(shí)讓時(shí)裝檔案館意義非凡。
Taylor agrees. It’s not a quick way to make money.
泰勒也持同樣看法：這并非賺錢(qián)的捷徑。
And, whether the task falls on an individual or a brand, it requires a lot of patience.
而且，不管是個(gè)人還是品牌公司承擔(dān)興建檔案館的重任，都極需持久耐心。
You have to hang on to things for quite a long time.
做這事得持之以恒、長(zhǎng)期為之。
Taylor pauses. But they can become very, very valuable.
泰勒停了一會(huì)兒說(shuō)，但這些藏品可能會(huì)變得價(jià)值千金。
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