考研英語段落翻譯真題

　　下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理的考研英語段落翻譯真題，希望對大家有幫助。

　　【考研英語段落翻譯真題】

　　46) This movement，driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.

　　47)The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European people with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.

　　48)But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes.

　　49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and -16th-century explorations of North American.

　　50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.

　　【題目解析】

　　46)本句重點(diǎn)詞語：driven by 在…的驅(qū)動(dòng)下，by its nature 從本質(zhì)上，它的性質(zhì)，

　　shape做動(dòng)詞當(dāng)"塑造"講。本句是一個(gè)由and連接的并列句，其中driven by powerful and diverse motivations,和by its nature為插入語結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　47)本句重點(diǎn)詞語：principle做形容詞，意為"主要的"， national characteristics 意為"民族特色，特點(diǎn)"，modify意為"修改，改變"。多次考察了of和with引導(dǎo)的后置定語的翻譯，前三小句為并列結(jié)構(gòu)表原因，第四小句為句子主干。

　　48)本句重點(diǎn)詞語：peculiar to，意為"特殊的，特有的"， national groups意為"民族"，固定搭配in a raw 意為"原始的"，sheer意為"完全的，純粹的"。

　　49)本句重點(diǎn)詞語：immigrant"移民"， explorations"探索"，bound for "駛往，開往"。其中，which is now the United States為定語從句修飾限定前文的the territory。

　　50)本句重點(diǎn)詞語：treasure-house"寶庫"，all the way down to "一直"，extend from…to…"從…延伸到…。其中with引導(dǎo)的介詞短語做后置定語，which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia為定語從句修飾前面的treasure-house。

　　【參考譯文】

　　46)在多種強(qiáng)大的動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)下，這次運(yùn)動(dòng)在一片荒野上建起了一個(gè)國家，其本身塑造了一個(gè)未知大陸的性格和命運(yùn)。

　　47)美國是兩種主要力量的產(chǎn)物--即思想習(xí)俗、民族特色各異的歐洲移民和修改這些特征的新國家的影響的產(chǎn)物。

　　48)但由于美國特有的地理?xiàng)l件,不同民族的相互作用,以及維護(hù)原始老式方式的純粹困難,新大陸引起了重大變化。

　　49)在15-16世紀(jì)北美探索的一百多年之后，運(yùn)往該領(lǐng)土-即當(dāng)今的美國-的第一船移民橫渡了大西洋。

　　50)擁有豐富多樣樹種的原始森林是一個(gè)真正的寶庫，它從緬因州一直延伸到喬治亞州。

　　考研英語段落翻譯真題：

　　One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that mostmembers of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members ofthe biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled tocontinuance.

　　When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it .Weinvert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds weresupposed to be disappearing. (46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctlyshaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.

　　It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47) butwe have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as amatter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantageto us.

　　A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) Timewas when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creaturespreserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on"worthless" species.

　　Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters becausethey grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49) In Europe,where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species arerecognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, withinreason.

　　To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelesslylopsided. (50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements inthe land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthyfunctioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock willfunction without the uneconomic parts.

　　完全以經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)機(jī)為基礎(chǔ)的守恒系統(tǒng)中，存在一個(gè)基本的弱點(diǎn)，即陸生群落的大多數(shù)成員都沒有經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。然而這些生物是生物群落的成員，如果群落的穩(wěn)定性取決于其完整性，他們就有權(quán)持續(xù)生存。

　　當(dāng)其中一個(gè)非經(jīng)濟(jì)類別受到威脅時(shí)，如果我們碰巧喜愛這個(gè)類別，就會(huì)創(chuàng)造借口使其具有經(jīng)濟(jì)意義。本世紀(jì)初，鳴禽原本正在消失。(46)科學(xué)家們匆匆趕來救援，但證據(jù)是明顯站不住腳的。大意就是，如果鳥不能控制這些蟲子，蟲子就會(huì)吃光一切。這個(gè)證據(jù)必須是經(jīng)濟(jì)的，才是有效的。

　　如今閱讀這些拐彎抹角的論述令人痛心。我們還沒有土地倫理，(47)但是，我們至少比較一致地認(rèn)可這樣一種觀點(diǎn)，即：無論鳥類對我們是否具有經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值，他們都應(yīng)該繼續(xù)享有其固有的生物權(quán)利。

　　類似的情況存在于食肉的哺乳動(dòng)物和捕食魚的鳥類中。(48)生物學(xué)家們曾一度濫用這個(gè)證據(jù)：這些生物通過殘殺弱者來維持生物鏈條的健康發(fā)展，或者只是捕食“無價(jià)值的物種”。 因此在這里，證據(jù)必須是經(jīng)濟(jì)的，才是有效的。天敵是社會(huì)的成員，任何具有特殊要求的集團(tuán)都無權(quán)為了自身真實(shí)的或想象的利益消滅它們。

　　有些種類的樹木被一些只具備經(jīng)濟(jì)頭腦的林業(yè)員認(rèn)為是“非我族類”，因?yàn)樗鼈儼l(fā)育過慢，或作為木材銷售價(jià)值過低。(49)歐洲的林業(yè)生態(tài)發(fā)展比較先進(jìn)。那些沒有商業(yè)價(jià)值的樹種被視為原始森林群落的成員而被合理保護(hù)。此外，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)一些樹種在保持土壤的肥沃方面具有重要作用。森林和構(gòu)成森林的不同的樹種，地面植物以及動(dòng)物之間的相互依賴是理所當(dāng)然的。

　　由于有些樹種成長緩慢甚或是作為木材的價(jià)值也太低，所以一些受經(jīng)濟(jì)利益驅(qū)使的人就將這些樹種完全拋棄?？偠灾阂环N守恒系統(tǒng)完全基于自身經(jīng)濟(jì)利益是傾斜無望的。(50)這樣的體系容易忽視、并最終滅絕了生物群落中的許多元素。然而這些元素雖然缺少商業(yè)價(jià)值，但對整個(gè)群落的健康運(yùn)動(dòng)卻至關(guān)重要。它虛假地認(rèn)為生物時(shí)鐘的經(jīng)濟(jì)部分可以在缺少非經(jīng)濟(jì)部分的情況下繼續(xù)起作用。