同美國人進(jìn)行商務(wù)活動的注意問題

　　同美國人進(jìn)行商務(wù)活動, 應(yīng)注意以下幾個問題：

　　(1)講究談判技巧和效率。和美國人談判要注意談判的技巧性, 如直接進(jìn)入話題, 不要拐彎抹角, 談判時間和地點, 要事先預(yù)定, 一般不必送禮品, 穿著最好是簡潔的西服;

　　(2)注意聘請律師。同美國人做生意請懂行的律師做顧問是不可缺少的, 美國的律師事務(wù)所很多, 聘請適合自身需要的律師并不難;

　　(3)深入了解和掌握美國有關(guān)貿(mào)易進(jìn)出口的法律法規(guī)和常規(guī)做法。如對哪些范圍限制與外國人合作,哪些范圍的商品必須得到政府有關(guān)部門特別許可, 哪些商品市場有可能觸及反銷稅法,以及美國的反托拉斯,反行賄等等法規(guī)和商戶談判時要特別提及。此外,如商品的廣告及代理,批發(fā)和零售商,價格和包裝等常 規(guī)做法和特別事項也要了解透一些,以免造成損失。

　　(4)進(jìn)行市場調(diào)查, 慎重選擇合作對象和合作領(lǐng)域。美國的市場經(jīng)濟可以說歷史比較長, 如何在美國的商貿(mào)市場中贏得商機, 進(jìn)行市場考察是必不可少的?？疾鞎r要重點突出,如紡織品的質(zhì)地,花色圖案,設(shè)計樣式等,是否在市場受顧客歡迎,代理商的意向等是否明顯和迫切,都是要調(diào)查 清楚的;

　　(5)了解美國商戶的特點, 有針對性地進(jìn)行洽談。美國商人在商務(wù)活動中總有一種富國強國的自信和自豪, 處處流露。

　　下面以問答的形式為大家提供一些社交禮儀提示。

　　1. When should you respond to an RSVP?

　　1. 何時回應(yīng)活動邀請?

　　Events today rely on a variety of RSVP options, including email, phone, mail in cards, and more. It is important for guests to respond quickly when they receive an invitation, and it's best to respond within a week. If you must decline at the last minute, please notify the host prior to the event or first thing the next day with sincere regrets.

　　當(dāng)今的活動邀請形式可以有多種渠道：電子郵件，電話，郵寄邀請卡等等。受邀請人應(yīng)該及時給予回復(fù)，時間最好控制在一周內(nèi)。如果有突發(fā)狀況你必須取消赴約，請通知活動負(fù)責(zé)人并在次日表示誠摯的道歉。

　　2. What should you wear to an event?

　　2. 如何著裝?

　　Hosts and guests err on the side of conservative sensibility: dress well and in good taste (everything should always be pressed). That said, most event invitations will provide direction:

　　活動主辦者和客人都應(yīng)該穿著穩(wěn)當(dāng)保守：穿著得體有品位(每個細(xì)節(jié)都非常講究)。還有的是，大多數(shù)的活動邀請都有著裝指引：

　　Business attire (suits and dresses)

　　商務(wù)正裝(西裝和套裙)

　　Black tie/black tie optional (more formal evening wear)

　　黑色領(lǐng)結(jié)可選(用于更正式的晚裝)

　　Business casual (trousers/khakis with long sleeve shirts)

　　商務(wù)休閑裝(西褲/卡其褲配長袖襯衫)

　　Jackets and ties required (as instructed)

　　夾克和領(lǐng)帶(如有提示)

　　Some events and venues may advise other casual wear, such as golf, tennis, horse racing, resorts, etc. Organizers will be specific about attire requirements.

　　某些活動或場地可能會提醒客人穿休閑裝，如高爾夫球場，網(wǎng)球場，賽馬場地，度假勝地等等。活動組織者會明確提醒穿著要求。

　　3. When should you arrive for an event?

　　3. 何時到達(dá)會場?

　　The event host spends significant time and resources to plan and execute an event, so most people know the answer to this question: be on time! If you are a representative of the host, the answer is that you should arrive up to 30 minutes early (you will be given a time, show up when requested).

　　活動主辦者控制著執(zhí)行活動的時機和策劃資源，所以毫無疑問地，每個人都應(yīng)該——準(zhǔn)時出席!如果你是主辦方的代表，那么你要在活動開始前30分鐘到場(你將會被告知何時出場)。

　　If you are a guest, understand that the organizer has been selective with the invitation list. Many invitations will include a brief agenda that highlights when guests may arrive for the event, typically providing a window of 15 to 30 minutes for registration and welcome reception times.

　　Also, it's important to stay as long as possible or to the conclusion of an event.

　　如果你是一位客人，要理解主辦方對邀請名單已經(jīng)進(jìn)行過挑選。許多邀請函會附有一段簡短的行程介紹，并突出客人到達(dá)會場的時間，一般會為客人預(yù)留15到30分鐘的時間簽到和接待。同樣的，盡可能在活動中停留越長的時間，或者直到活動的結(jié)束才離開。

　　4. When should you extend a handshake at an event?

　　4. 何時該主動跟別人握手?

　　Always upon arrival and departure. This is an easy rule that few people violate. Greet everyone with a firm, sincere handshake, a friendly smile and direct eye contact. However, when approaching a group of individuals, it's important to note that guests should always shake the hand of the host first.

　　通常在到達(dá)會場或離開會場的時候。這是很簡單的事情也幾乎沒有人會犯錯誤。跟別人問好的同時給予別人一個堅定真誠的握手，友好的微笑和直接的眼神交流。然后，當(dāng)與一群人碰面的時候，要注意總要先跟主人握手。

　　5. How should you introduce people in a group at an event?

　　5. 如何向大家介紹別人?

　　Simply remember to rules:

　　只需記得下面這兩點就行了：

　　Introduce lower ranking individuals to higher ranking individuals.

　　向身份地位較高的人介紹身份地位較低的人。

　　Remember to include titles (e.g., Dr., Judge, etc.) and name prefix (e.g., Mr., Mrs. Ms.).

　　記得要使用頭銜(如博士，法官等等)和名字稱謂(如先生，夫人，女士)。

　　6. What should you talk about at the event?

　　6. 活動過程該說什么?

　　It's important to have strong listening (don't interrupt) and conversation skills in group situations. This means maintaining open body language (stand up or sit up straight, don't cross arms, and maintain good eye contact) and showing interest in what others have to say.

　　在群組活動的情況下，要注意認(rèn)真傾聽別人的發(fā)言。保持愿意交流的肢體語言(坐立端正，忌雙手交叉，同時應(yīng)保持眼神接觸)并對他人的發(fā)言表示出興趣。

　　Contribute to conversations by being able to speak to a variety of subjects, find topics of mutual interest and avoid correcting what others have to say. Make sure to involve everyone in the group in the discussion (and not just one or two). Encourage people to talk about themselves, and be graceful when providing and/or accepting compliments.

　　通過詢問的形式融入對話，尋找雙方都感興趣的話題，避免糾正別人的話。要注意讓在場每一位都能參與討論(并不只是一兩個人而已。)鼓勵大家談?wù)勛约旱氖虑?，?dāng)給予贊賞或獲得贊賞的時候要保持優(yōu)雅的態(tài)度。

　　7. What shouldn't you talk about at the event?

　　7. 不該說什么?

　　Just as it's important to understand what to talk about, there are several topics that should generally be avoided:

　　要注意，在談話過程要盡量避免下面這些話題：

　　Personal finance topics

　　個人經(jīng)濟問題

　　Personal health topics (yours and others)

　　個人健康問題(無論是你自己的還是別人的)

　　Divisive topics

　　人際分歧問題

　　Gossip

　　小道消息

　　8. When should you defer extra courties (deference) to others at an event?