英語(yǔ)喪葬文化解讀
英國(guó)為撒切爾夫人舉行了 “禮儀葬禮”,而非“國(guó)葬”,但其葬禮以最高軍事榮譽(yù)禮儀舉行,并進(jìn)行了電視直播。我們借此來(lái)看看英國(guó)的傷葬禮儀。下面來(lái)看看英語(yǔ)國(guó)家有什么喪葬文化吧。
Downing Street announced that Britain's first female prime minister would receive a ceremonial funeral, with gun carriage, military procession and a service at St Paul's Cathedral, in the style of the funerals of Diana, Princess of Wales, and the Queen Mother. (Source: Guardian.co.uk)
英國(guó)首相府宣布,將為英國(guó)首位女首相舉行“禮儀葬禮”,包括皇家乘騎炮兵部隊(duì)的炮車,軍隊(duì)列隊(duì)行進(jìn)以及圣保羅大教堂的儀式,規(guī)格與英國(guó)已故王太后和戴安娜王妃的葬禮相同。
Ceremonial funeral(禮儀葬禮)一般來(lái)說(shuō)只有王室家族的高層成員(senior members of the royal family)才能享受,而且舉辦禮儀葬禮需得到女王的首肯(the consent of the Queen);而國(guó)葬(state funeral)則多為王室君主(sovereign as head of state)舉行,舉行國(guó)葬需要先在議會(huì)投票表決(motion or vote in Parliament)。禮儀葬禮比國(guó)葬要低一級(jí),不過(guò)兩種葬禮通常都包括遺體告別儀式(lying in state)以及在威斯敏斯特教堂或圣保羅大教堂舉行的葬禮儀式(Westminster Abbey service or a service at St Paul's Cathedral)。
英國(guó)此次為撒切爾夫人舉行的是帶有軍事榮譽(yù)的“禮儀葬禮”(a ceremonial funeral with military honours)。葬禮前一天,她的靈柩將被送至到國(guó)會(huì)大廈內(nèi)的圣瑪麗教堂(Chapel of St Mary Undercroft in the Palace of Westminster,home to Britain's Houses of Parliament),葬禮當(dāng)天,靈柩將由靈車(hearse)送至圣克萊蒙•戴恩斯教堂,之后被放至皇家乘騎炮兵部隊(duì)的炮車(gun carriage)由皇家乘騎炮兵部隊(duì)(King's Troop Royal Artillery)引領(lǐng)沿街列隊(duì)行進(jìn),沿途會(huì)有三軍士兵(tri-service military personnel)和普通民眾瞻仰并表達(dá)哀思,最后到達(dá)圣保羅大教堂進(jìn)行葬禮儀式(funeral service)。葬禮第二天,將會(huì)進(jìn)行私人火化儀式(private cremation)。