雙語(yǔ)美文：遇到重要決定時(shí)不妨試試這6種方法

　　摘要：判斷成功與否的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并在于你能否逃避困難，而在于你如何處理以及防止事情再次發(fā)生的能力。

　　The measure of success is not whether you can evade tough problems, but how you deal with those problems and whether you can keep them from recurring.

　　As you gather experience as a leader, over time you acquire a tool kit of techniques and strategies that serve you well. Then when a conflict hits and you're under the wire, you don't have to reinvent the wheel but can instead turn to something tried-and-true.

　　判斷成功與否的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并在于你能否逃避困難，而在于你如何處理以及防止事情再次發(fā)生的能力。

　　當(dāng)你積累了一定的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，久而久之你就獲得了一個(gè)助你成功的技能與策略“工具箱”。然后每當(dāng)遇到突發(fā)情況，而你又處于最后限期時(shí)，你就不必白費(fèi)力氣做重復(fù)的工作了，相反，你可以化腐朽為神奇。

　　One of the techniques you may find yourself turning to often is problem solving--so much so that developing a reliable method of problem solving is critically important. Details and personalities can vary widely from one situation to another, so the most effective problem solvers rely on a mental model to help them come up with the best solutions.

遇到重要決定時(shí) 不妨試試這6種方法

　　在這些技能里，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你最常使用的便是解決難題的能力，以此開發(fā)一個(gè)可靠的解決方案是多么的至關(guān)重要。細(xì)枝末節(jié)與個(gè)人情感會(huì)因應(yīng)情況而不同，所以最佳的問(wèn)題解決方法則需要依靠一個(gè)幫助人們找出最佳解決方案的心理模式。

　　Try this simple six-step model the next time a problem crops up. As you work with the model, you may find ways to tailor it to your situation and way of thinking. That's fine, of course. The more you refine it, the better it will work.

　　當(dāng)再次遇到問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，嘗試下面簡(jiǎn)單的6步模式吧。當(dāng)你使用這種模式后，你就能找到把它運(yùn)用到實(shí)際情況和思維方式的方式。那很好呀，你越不斷完善，它的效果就越明顯。

　　Step 1: Understand the problem.

　　步驟1：了解問(wèn)題的內(nèi)涵。

　　Most people start out just looking for a solution. Any solution. But it's best at the beginning to make sure you have a solid grip on the relevant facts and issues. Gather all available information; think about the situation from all perspectives. Make a list of those involved, along with their needs and expectations.

　　很多人一開始就急于尋找解決方案，任何的解決方法。然而最佳的起步點(diǎn)在于確保你對(duì)相關(guān)的情況和問(wèn)題有充分的理解。收集所有可獲得的信息，再?gòu)母鱾€(gè)角度思考這個(gè)情況。把相關(guān)的問(wèn)題，以及問(wèn)題需求和預(yù)期都一一羅列出來(lái)。

　　推薦：重大決定難做出?清理雜念第一步!

　　Step 2: Define the problem.

　　步驟2：明確問(wèn)題的性質(zhì)

　　Ask yourself the same "Five Ws and an H" that journalists use:

　　像記者的提問(wèn)方式一樣，提問(wèn)自己下面這些問(wèn)題：

　　Who is involved?

　　這件事情參與者有誰(shuí)?

　　What happened?

　　發(fā)生了什么事情?

　　When did it happen?

　　這件事情發(fā)生在什么時(shí)候?

　　Where did it happen?

　　這件事情發(fā)生在哪里?

　　Why did it happen?

　　發(fā)生這件事情的原因是什么?

　　How did it happen?

　　事情是如何發(fā)生的?

　　Once you have the information, make notes. Document your sources, and mark any discrepancies in their versions of the story.

　　當(dāng)你掌握了這些信息，請(qǐng)記得把它們記下來(lái)。然后把它們寫進(jìn)文檔，記錄這些信息不同版本的差異。

　　Step 3: Know your role.

　　步驟3：清楚自己的角色。

　　Reflect on the information in light of your own standards and values. Is there really a conflict, or is it just a bunch of noise? Does something need to be resolved? Do you have to get involved? Can you leave this up to the parties involved? Think clearly about whether and how you wish to take a stand on the issue.

　　從自己的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與價(jià)值觀出發(fā)，反思這些信息。是否真的產(chǎn)生了沖突，還是只是一場(chǎng)混亂?是否有事情需要解決?你是不是也要參與到其中?你能置身事外嗎?認(rèn)真想一想你是否需要參與這件事情，以及你自己是如何看待這件事情的。

　　Step 4: Identify the root causes.

　　步驟4：分析問(wèn)題的根源。

　　List all the underlying factors you can think of that contributed to the problem--system issues, personalities, old grudges and simmering conflict, plain bad luck. Then list them in rank order according to facts and observation, and spend some time thinking about where the problem really lies.

　　把所有你能想到的與問(wèn)題相關(guān)的潛在因素列出來(lái)：無(wú)論是系統(tǒng)問(wèn)題，還是個(gè)人性格，宿怨，激烈的沖突，或僅僅只是運(yùn)氣不好。然后根據(jù)事實(shí)和觀察的結(jié)果把它們按照順序排列，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間思考一下到底問(wèn)題的根源在哪里。

　　Step 5: Select a solution.

　　步驟5：挑選一個(gè)解決方案。

　　As you weigh possible solutions, keep in mind that you're aiming for something that

　　當(dāng)你在衡量可能的解決方案的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)記住，你的目標(biāo)解決方案必須是：

　　Satisfies everyone involved

　　皆大歡喜的

　　Makes it so people feel understood and heard

　　容易被大家接納的

　　Is sustainable

　　有根有據(jù)的

　　Worthy of the situation

　　實(shí)事求是的

　　Compelling enough to get complete buy-in

　　人人信服的

　　Compatible with your standards and values

　　符合個(gè)人標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與價(jià)值觀的

　　Step 6: Check in and monitor.

　　步驟6：觀察與驗(yàn)證

　　After you've selected a solution and implemented it, continue to monitor the situation and check in occasionally to ensure that the problem has truly been resolved.

　　當(dāng)你已經(jīng)確定解決方案并加以實(shí)施了，請(qǐng)繼續(xù)觀察情況的發(fā)展以及不時(shí)查看確定它是否把問(wèn)題徹底地解決了。

　　A system for problem solving can help you avoid unnecessary conflicts, disputes, and friction. You can know that you're making decisions based on facts, not personalities or snap judgments, and you can give less of your precious time to putting out fires. Try this technique and let me know what happens.

　　解決問(wèn)題的模式能夠幫助你避免不必要的沖突，爭(zhēng)吵和摩擦。你會(huì)了解到你所做的決定都是基于事實(shí)情況，而不是個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)或草率的判斷的，你還可以省下自己寶貴的時(shí)間免于陷入困境之中。試試這個(gè)方法讓筆者知道你的進(jìn)展如何吧。