英語(yǔ)閱讀美文:如何培養(yǎng)你的閱讀能力

　　摘錄：與自己的朋友或是一個(gè)圖書俱樂(lè)部的人分享書是件很美妙的事情。這是一個(gè)很好的方式去了解別人眼中的世界，然后在此過(guò)程中，認(rèn)真地審視自己對(duì)所閱讀的內(nèi)容的反應(yīng)。

　　英語(yǔ)閱讀美文:如何培養(yǎng)你的閱讀能力

　　Language and literacy are among mankind’s greatest inventions. Evolving and even dying over the course of human history, languages are a reflection of our cultural and societal attitudes. Today, surrounded by social media, television, movies, billboards, and, of course, books, the ability to read and write is crucial to forming an identity and expressing one’s feelings.

　　Most humans acquire language in early childhood and speak fluently when they are about three years old, but our continued relationship with language gives shape and meaning to our lives. Here are 5 ways to become a better reader.

　　語(yǔ)言和讀寫能力是人類最偉大的發(fā)明。人類歷史在演變甚至是滅絕的過(guò)程中，語(yǔ)言都是對(duì)我們的文化和社會(huì)態(tài)度的反應(yīng)。時(shí)至今日，當(dāng)我們被社會(huì)傳媒、電視、電影、廣告牌當(dāng)然還有書本包圍時(shí)，讀寫能力對(duì)于我們形成一種特征和表達(dá)自己的感受是至關(guān)重要的。

　　大多數(shù)人都是在幼兒的時(shí)候?qū)W習(xí)語(yǔ)言然后在三歲的時(shí)候就能很流利地說(shuō)話了，但我們對(duì)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)一步的學(xué)習(xí)將會(huì)對(duì)我們的生活產(chǎn)生很大的影響，具有深遠(yuǎn)的意義。下面五種方法可以教你成為一名更好的讀者。

　　1. Take it slow.

　　放慢速度

　　Many readers feel that they read too slowly, especially compared with others, but the truth is that the faster you read, the less likely you are to comprehend fully what you’re reading. The best readers are flexible—slowing down when needed, especially if weighty concepts or unknown words are grouped closely together—and always have a dictionary at hand.

　　許多讀者覺(jué)得他們讀得太慢了，特別是相對(duì)于其他人而言，但是事實(shí)上你讀得越快，你就越可能不能完全理解你讀的內(nèi)容。最好的讀者是靈活多變的——需要時(shí)他們就讀得慢，特別是當(dāng)一些繁瑣的概念或者是不認(rèn)識(shí)的字都混在一起時(shí)，他們往往都讀得慢——而且常常會(huì)帶一本字典在身邊。

　　If you get to the end of a paragraph and realize you haven’t absorbed any of the information, do not hesitate to re-read the passage. Reading is a lifelong process: learning to read closely and slowly will help you become faster over time without missing anything.

　　如果你快讀完一段話了卻不知道大概的意思，不要猶豫，再 去重新讀一遍。閱讀是一個(gè)終身的過(guò)程：嘗試著深入且慢速地閱讀將會(huì)幫助你理解得更快而且不會(huì)漏下任何的內(nèi)容。

　　2. Read aloud.

　　大聲朗讀

　　When humans first began reading written words, it was unusual to read in silence. Though generally inappropriate for commuters or for late-night adventurers, reading out loud is one of the best ways to improve your reading ability.

　　當(dāng)人類第一次閱讀書面文字時(shí)，默讀是不常見(jiàn)的。雖然這不適合上班族或者是夜貓子，但大聲朗讀確實(shí)是提高你閱讀能力最好的方法之一。

　　You may feel silly reading to your cat (or to no one at all), but once you get into the rhythm of the author’s voice, you will begin to read more accurately and with better vocal expression. Try listening to the author reading their own work—you’ll be surprised to find how clearly it comes through on the page.

　　你可能覺(jué)得對(duì)著你的貓閱讀有點(diǎn)傻(或者是一個(gè)人也沒(méi)有)，但是一旦你進(jìn)入了作者的聲音的韻律中去，你將會(huì)開始閱讀得更加準(zhǔn)確，而且會(huì)有更好的聲音表現(xiàn)力。試著聽(tīng)聽(tīng)作者閱讀他們自己的文章——你會(huì)驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，書上的文字被這樣讀出來(lái)是多么地清晰。

　　3. Feel it.

　　感受它

　　Can you remember the first piece of writing that transported you to another world? One of the most powerful moments in a young, fluent reader’s life is learning to enter into the lives of imagined heroes and heroines.

　　你還記得你第一次寫字的情景嗎，那個(gè)將你帶到了另一個(gè)世界的情景。在一個(gè)青春洋溢、表達(dá)順暢的讀者的生命中，最重要的時(shí)刻之一就是學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)入想象中的主角的生活中。

　　Subtleties of language and perspective become potent clues to deeper underlying meanings, and are easy to miss for even the most seasoned readers. As you read, let the language inform your pace, give pause to important gestures and dialogue, and allow striking ideas to simmer. In no time, you’ll be appreciating novels like fine wine.

　　語(yǔ)言和視角之間微妙的關(guān)系，是具有更深意義內(nèi)涵的強(qiáng)有力的線索，而且即使對(duì)于最有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的讀者來(lái)說(shuō)都是很容易忽視的。當(dāng)你閱讀時(shí)，讓語(yǔ)言支配你的步調(diào)，在重要的手勢(shì)和對(duì)話時(shí)停頓，對(duì)于那些難理解的想法要給予足夠的時(shí)間思考。過(guò)不了多久，你就會(huì)像品賞美酒那樣去喜歡小說(shuō)了。

　　4. Write.

　　寫作

　　Writing and reading go hand-in-hand: how and what you read affects how and what you write, and the best readers often make the best writers. But while much can be learned from close, repeated readings, there are many secretive pleasures to language that can only be experienced through the practice of writing.

　　寫作和閱讀是相輔相成的：你怎樣閱讀，閱讀什么將會(huì)影響你寫作的方式和寫作的內(nèi)容，而最好的讀者往往會(huì)是最好的作者。然而即使我們可以從深入和重復(fù)閱讀中學(xué)到很多東西，但仍然有許多不為人知的快樂(lè)是只有你通過(guò)寫作才能體會(huì)到的。

　　This is why certain authors are labeled “writer’s writers”; another level of meaning and intense appreciation exists for those who create rather than simply observe. Try writing every day for a month; you will never read the same again.

　　這就是為什么某些作者會(huì)被說(shuō)成“作家的作家”，另一層意思和強(qiáng)烈的欣賞為那些創(chuàng)造而不僅僅是觀察的人存在著。試著一個(gè)月每一天都寫作;你的閱讀習(xí)慣也再不會(huì)跟以前一樣。

　　5. Tell your friends.

　　講給朋友

　　All of literature is essentially communication from an individual’s inner voice to an audience. Though Franz Kafka’s dying wish was that all of his works—written in obscurity, often late at night, and mostly unpublished—be burned, aren’t we glad his friend, Max Brod, didn’t listen?

　　文學(xué)本質(zhì)上是從一個(gè)人的內(nèi)心的聲音與觀眾溝通。即使卡夫卡的遺愿是他所有的作品都要被燒毀——他的作品都是在深夜默默寫的，而且?guī)缀醵际菦](méi)有發(fā)表的——難道我們不應(yīng)該為他的朋友馬克西-布拉德沒(méi)有聽(tīng)從他的遺愿而高興嗎?

　　There is something magical about sharing books with friends or a book club. It’s a good way to see the world from someone else’s eyes and, in the process, critically examine your own reaction to what you’re reading.

　　與自己的朋友或是一個(gè)圖書俱樂(lè)部的人分享書是件很美妙的事情。這是一個(gè)很好的方式去了解別人眼中的世界，然后在此過(guò)程中，認(rèn)真地審視自己對(duì)所閱讀的內(nèi)容的反應(yīng)。