托福作文綜合寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典模板
托福作文綜合寫(xiě)作經(jīng)典模板
托福綜合寫(xiě)作考試主要包含3個(gè)部分：閱讀、聽(tīng)力和寫(xiě)作3個(gè)部分。想要掌握托福綜合寫(xiě)作就要必備一些寫(xiě)作模板。下面就是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的托福作文綜合寫(xiě)作模板，希望對(duì)你有用!
托福作文綜合寫(xiě)作模板
The lecture apparently disproves what is argued in the reading material. According to the passage … However the professor asserts that a closer scrutiny of this argument would reveal how flimsy it is. He then presents several evidences to demonstrate his statement.
沒(méi)考慮到別的可能性O(shè)P
To start with, the professor claims that the reading passage fails to take into account that…
Therefore, the assertion of the author seems too absolute since other possibilities could not be eliminated by any current evidence.
假設(shè)錯(cuò)誤WA
Furthermore, the passage assumes that…. The professor, however, suggests that this assumption may not be merited by the evidence. Say, ….. The contradiction is obvious here when … . On the basis of this point the lecture explicitly refutes the passage.
部分正確，但忽視了事實(shí)NT
Last but not the least, the passage may be right about …., but one critical fact is being left out of consideration. Pointed out by the professor, the author totally neglects the truth that… On account of above-mentioned grave mistakes, the author’s assertion turned out to be a preposterous idea.
In conclusion, based on the arguments offered above, the professor clearly identifies the defects in the reading passage and forcefully shows that…
文中至少有一個(gè)舉例形式，如果實(shí)在用不到上面句型，可以用轉(zhuǎn)述湊字?jǐn)?shù)：In other words, that is to say, …
Argue = contend
其他有用句型： The reading assumes that…, a situation that seems to be at odds with … 與…是矛盾的
托福綜合寫(xiě)作常見(jiàn)誤區(qū)
誤區(qū)一、字?jǐn)?shù)超出會(huì)扣分
很多同學(xué)在綜合寫(xiě)作部分都會(huì)緊扣200詞這一數(shù)字，認(rèn)為超出這一數(shù)字會(huì)導(dǎo)致扣分。其實(shí)不然，在托福官方指南中，關(guān)于綜合寫(xiě)作的字?jǐn)?shù)要求描述如下：Suggested length is between 150 and 225 words. You will not be penalized if you write more, so long as what you write answers the question.根據(jù)以上文字描述，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，字?jǐn)?shù)并不是綜合寫(xiě)作當(dāng)中的扣分項(xiàng)，重要的是根據(jù)兩段材料把問(wèn)題闡釋清楚。
誤區(qū)二、套用模板
模板是中國(guó)考生在備考托福中不可避免接觸到的一大內(nèi)容，不可否認(rèn)，模板在初學(xué)階段可以讓我們迅速地了解文章結(jié)構(gòu)，引導(dǎo)我們學(xué)習(xí)如何去寫(xiě)一篇托福綜合寫(xiě)作。但是，托福的綜合寫(xiě)作只有區(qū)區(qū)兩百個(gè)詞左右，大家不妨回頭看看自己的模板，一旦套用模板，真正需要你自己書(shū)寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容就相當(dāng)有限了。在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)，如果把大量的時(shí)間花在回憶模板、書(shū)寫(xiě)模板上，勢(shì)必會(huì)導(dǎo)致文章質(zhì)量的下降。這樣的文章，與其說(shuō)是綜合寫(xiě)作，不如說(shuō)是對(duì)兩份材料的一個(gè)固定套路總結(jié)，是十分不可取的做法。
誤區(qū)三、聽(tīng)力材料聽(tīng)得不仔細(xì)
很多參加托福的考試考生對(duì)于綜合寫(xiě)作的聽(tīng)力部分都是抱著“差不多”的心態(tài)，只求聽(tīng)懂大意即可，這種行為是萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不可取的!綜合寫(xiě)作的聽(tīng)力材料內(nèi)容較之聽(tīng)力部分簡(jiǎn)單一些，但考試對(duì)這兩部分聽(tīng)力的要求卻截然不同。在聽(tīng)力部分，考生只需要對(duì)材料中有用的考點(diǎn)聽(tīng)出來(lái)，并能準(zhǔn)確答題即可。綜合寫(xiě)作的聽(tīng)力則與之完全不同，對(duì)聽(tīng)到內(nèi)容要求更高、更細(xì)致，要能夠根據(jù)聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容總結(jié)聽(tīng)力材料所要表述的邏輯，這對(duì)聽(tīng)力的要求必然提高，要求考生做到“精聽(tīng)、細(xì)聽(tīng)”，而非考生認(rèn)為的“差不多就行”。
掌握托福綜合寫(xiě)作的方法
第一，使用不同的詞匯
a.使用同義詞，比如以下的一些寫(xiě)作高頻詞匯的同義詞，你一定要掌握，出現(xiàn)的尤為頻繁。
important→essential, crucial, vital, significant,
think→claim, believe, consider, deem, figureout
nowadays→currently, at present, now, recently, in recent years, these days
b.改變?cè)~性，這是一種稍微難一些的方法，要求你的語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)非常好，你才能靈活自如的運(yùn)用。
n. → v.
Eg：When we look at a comparisonbetween A and B…
When we compare A and B…
Adj. → n.
There are a variety of solutionsto the problem.
There are various solutions to the problem.
c. 使用不同的承接詞。承接詞在文章當(dāng)中的使用相當(dāng)頻繁，不僅是段落和段落的連接，還包括句子和句子的連接。背住一些常用的承接詞比你的改寫(xiě)將會(huì)有極大的作用。
because of → due to, owing to, because, as, since, for
but → however, nevertheless, nonetheless, whereas
so → therefore, hence, thus, consequently
d.形容詞的逆向表達(dá)。在某些形容詞上進(jìn)行修改，會(huì)達(dá)到非比尋常的效果。
Eg: not as easy as…→more difficult than…
Not uncommon→common
The cheapest → the least expensive
第二，使用不同的句型
a. 改變?cè)~序。這是非常簡(jiǎn)單的一種方法，完全不用動(dòng)腦筋就可以進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)。常常將句子中的狀語(yǔ)(包括狀語(yǔ)從句)換位置。
Eg: For many years, people have believed ….
→People believed… for many years.
After this programhas been solved, work on … can continue.
b. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的互相替換
Eg: Trained scientists performed this research.
→This research was performed by trained scientists.
c. 使用“there be” 句型，可以將一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，馬上變成一個(gè)加入定語(yǔ)從句或者分詞的復(fù)雜句。
Eg: Several computer programs can be used to solvethis problem.
→There are several computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.
或There are several computer programs used to solve this problem.
d. 定語(yǔ)從句，分詞和插入語(yǔ)的互相替換
Eg: Study…, conductedby sociologists in 2004, shows that…
→Study…, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…
Eg: This…, which is one of the most powerful … in the world, has…
→This…, one of the most powerful… in the world, has…
接下來(lái)，Cite，即引用。綜合寫(xiě)作乃客觀寫(xiě)作，只是一個(gè)旁觀者的角度對(duì)這兩篇文章的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行描述，因此，某觀點(diǎn)是出自哪篇文章一定要說(shuō)清楚。所以，下面的這些句型在綜合寫(xiě)作中必不可缺。
a.According to+noun.
Eg: According to the passage/lecture/author/professor,…
b.Subject+verbs of reporting +that clause
Eg: The author tells/reports/suggests/explains/says/argues/states/indicates/claims/points out/thinks/believes that…
或The speaker agrees/disagrees/rejects/disputes/challenges/takes a different view….
c. As is indicated/displayed/illustratedin the passage/lecture,...
最后，在托福綜合寫(xiě)作當(dāng)中，考生還應(yīng)多使用連接，具體來(lái)講就是承接詞的使用，這也是托福綜合寫(xiě)作當(dāng)中十分重要的。
將文章當(dāng)中的重要信息連接起來(lái)，體現(xiàn)作者對(duì)于兩篇文章的理解正確，說(shuō)明作者的思路清楚。由于綜合寫(xiě)作是對(duì)兩篇文章的比較，所以下面表對(duì)比和遞進(jìn)的承接詞使用的最頻繁。
a.Transitional words showing contrast: however, on the other hand, in contrast, on the contrary
b.Transitional words showing addition: moreover, furthermore, in addition, besides, as well
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