寶安英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力常用句型
寶安英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力常用句型
下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理的寶安英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力常用句型,希望對(duì)大家有幫助。
寶安英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力常用句型:
話聽(tīng)力中其它考查項(xiàng)目,如因果、條件、否定、比較等等。
a.肯定與否定
(1)含否定語(yǔ)義的副詞和形容詞,如: hardly, barely, scarcely, rarely, little, seldom, few等。
(2)含否定意義的詞綴, 如:im-,un-,mis-,dis-, -less 等。?
(3)含否定語(yǔ)義的動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞詞組及介詞詞組,如:fail, miss, avoid, deny, hate, stop, refuse, doubt, far from, anything but, instead of, rather than 等。?
(4)含否定語(yǔ)義的代詞和連詞, 如:nobody, nothing, neither, nor 等。?
(5)含too...to的結(jié)構(gòu)。?
(6)強(qiáng)調(diào)否定句,句首的否定詞多數(shù)是never, little, rarely, 并且句子必須倒裝,如:Never before have I..., Little did they..., Rarely do we...等。?
(7) 雙重否定句,如 not uncommon, no one can deny..., not care less等。(8) 注意縮寫(xiě)形式的否定讀音,如: aren’t, don’t, hasn’t, weren’t, wasn’t等。?
b.具有倍數(shù)意義的名詞、形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞等
times乘,quarter 四分之一, twice 兩倍,one-third/fourth 三/四分之一,couple 雙,三兩個(gè),discount 折扣, half(of) ……的一半,half as much/ many as 加半倍,一倍半,double 使加倍,增加一倍,twice as much/ many as 是……的兩倍 percentage 百分比,off減、降、少, pair(a pair of) 一對(duì),一雙
c.比較與選擇
as…as和……一樣,not as/not so … as …和……不一樣,twice (half) as … as…是……兩倍/一半 三組表示同級(jí)比較。more/less…than,not more…than,not/no+比較級(jí)(=最高級(jí))三組表示不等比較:“……比……更”。類似詞還有never better, nothing better, than ever before, than anyone else, than anything else 等等。?
其它:the more…,the more…表示越……越……,not so much… as (=less… than …) 與其說(shuō)……不如說(shuō)……?
其它暗含的比較形式還有:動(dòng)詞prefer… rather than/to … , reduce … (to),形容詞 top, favorite,句型 would rather … than … (寧可……也不……),the last (=the least likely),not the less (=none the less)仍然,依然??
下面重點(diǎn)介紹一些聽(tīng)力中常見(jiàn)的疑難句式,具體介紹以下幾種類型:
(a)、形肯定意否定的句型(分別介紹六類):
1、I'd like to/I 'd love to,but...。表否定,重點(diǎn)放在but后面。如:
—The students' English club is having a party on Saturday night.Can you come?
—I would like to,but I work at a restaurant on weekends.(1990年1月)
2、使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句子。在很多四級(jí)聽(tīng)力考試試題當(dāng)中,經(jīng)常采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,這些句子形式上是肯定的,但往往表達(dá)一種“本應(yīng)該,本可以(卻沒(méi)有),希望”的情緒,放在一定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中表否定。而這一點(diǎn)也是考生常忽略的,要特別注意。如:
—If the traffic wasn't so bad,I could have been home by 6:00.
—What a pity!John was here to see you.(1990年1月)
(意思是如果早到家的話,就可以見(jiàn)到約翰了,但是事實(shí)是因?yàn)榻煌ǘ氯瑳](méi)能及時(shí)回家)
3、I'm sorry,...。這種句型是委婉的否定,其后一般接原因。如:
—Hello,may I speak to John Smith, please?
—I'm sorry,nobody by that name works here.(1990年1月)
(意思是說(shuō)沒(méi)有叫約翰·史密斯的人)
4、由形容詞last構(gòu)成的特殊句型。這種結(jié)構(gòu)的字面意思是“……是最后一個(gè)”,但真正的意思是“……是最不可能的”。如:
—Would you like to go mountain climbing with us?
—That's the last thing in the world I want to do.
(字面意思是爬山是這世界上我最后想做的事,反過(guò)來(lái)講就是根本不想去爬山)
5、anything but句型。此句型在四級(jí)考試中語(yǔ)法與結(jié)構(gòu)部分考過(guò),如果出現(xiàn)在聽(tīng)力理解部分,應(yīng)該來(lái)說(shuō)比較難,但是如果我們掌握了它的基本意思“除……以外的任何事物”或“根本不”,并在聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中多加小心的話,還是可以做對(duì)的。如:
—Everyone is helping out with dinner. Could you make the soup?
—Anything but that.
(意思是我不可能做湯)
6、由一些特殊短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的句型。這種短語(yǔ)很多,因此就需要學(xué)生平時(shí)不斷地積累,這里舉兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)為例:
—You're not much of a rock and roll fan, are you?
—It's far from being my favorite kind of music,that's for sure.
(這里的be far from短語(yǔ)意思是“遠(yuǎn)非”,可理解為“這根本不是我所喜歡的音樂(lè)”)
(b)、形否定意肯定的句型(分別介紹六類):
1、Why don't you/Why not...?這種句型相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)比較簡(jiǎn)單,意思是“為什么不呢?”,但我們還是應(yīng)該注意它真正表達(dá)的是一個(gè)肯定概念,即“建議做某事”。如:
— John,I don't know what to get for your father.He has just about everything,doesn't he?
— Do you have any suggestions?
—Why don't you get him a pocket calculator?(1990年6月)
2、Do you mind...?問(wèn)句的回答用No, of course not.或者Not at all.。雖然字面上是否定的,而且也理解為“不介意”,但考慮到具體的語(yǔ)境,通常都應(yīng)理解為肯定的,意思是對(duì)方可以做其想做的。如:
—Do you mind if I borrow your note?
—No,of course not. (1994年1月)
(從側(cè)面講可以使用)
3、not...until...句型。此句型一般都應(yīng)理解為“直到……才”,因此是肯定的。如:
—When can the doctor see me?
—He won't be free until tomorrow.(1995年1月)
(意思是直到明天才能見(jiàn)你)
4、not...more/better構(gòu)成的特殊句型。此句型意思是不可能有比這樣更好的情況發(fā)生了,反過(guò)來(lái)講就是指這樣很好,說(shuō)者對(duì)此表示贊許,所以此句型仍然表示的是肯定意思。如:
—I think it's high time we turned our attention to the danger of drunk driving now.
—I can't agree with you more.(1997年6月)
(意思是說(shuō)后者非常同意第一人的觀點(diǎn))
5、Without a doubt;Don't mention it;No problem等作為回答的否定句型。這些我們常用的作為回答的句型,其實(shí)在語(yǔ)境中通常是用作肯定的回答,意思是“沒(méi)問(wèn)題”,肯定是這樣的。如:
—Do you think we have to review the chapter of Industrial Revolution?
—Without a doubt,it will be on the exam.
6、由一些除not和never之外的否定詞如hardly,seldom ,scarcely,rarely等構(gòu)成的句型。這種句型其實(shí)本身就應(yīng)歸結(jié)為否定句,但在此將其放到這里是想強(qiáng)調(diào)這些句子如果出現(xiàn)在聽(tīng)力理解當(dāng)中,學(xué)生經(jīng)常容易疏忽這些詞的否定意思,因此需特別留意。如:
—What a surprise!Tim has improved his English so much after a holiday abroad.
—I can hardly hear an accent.
(意思是幾乎聽(tīng)不出有任何地方口音)