商務(wù)英語(yǔ)合同翻譯應(yīng)注意的策略
商務(wù)英語(yǔ)翻譯中保證準(zhǔn)確性應(yīng)注意六個(gè)方面:時(shí)間、責(zé)任、金額、公文慣用語(yǔ)、句子歧義結(jié)構(gòu)和詞義選擇,只有這樣才能在日趨頻繁的商務(wù)活動(dòng)中立于不敗之地.
商務(wù)英語(yǔ)合同翻譯應(yīng)注意的策略
第一部分、用詞方面
多用正式或法律上的用詞,與口頭表述不同,合同是法律性的正式書面文件,使用正式的、法律的用詞是必要的。合同起草者應(yīng)多加強(qiáng)這方面的學(xué)習(xí)。比如:
1、At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment.
應(yīng)乙方要求,甲方同意派遣技術(shù)人員幫助乙方安裝設(shè)備。assist 較 help 正式;
2、The personnel shall not to partake in any political activities in Iraq.
所有人員不得參加伊拉克國(guó)內(nèi)的任何政治活動(dòng)。partake in 較 take part in 正式;
3、The Employer shall render correct technical guidance to the personnel.
雇主應(yīng)該對(duì)有關(guān)人員給予正確技術(shù)指導(dǎo)。render 較 give 正式;
4、Party A shall repatriate the patient to China and bear the cost of his passage to Guangzhou.
甲方應(yīng)將病人遣返中國(guó)并負(fù)責(zé)其返回廣州的旅費(fèi)。repatriate 較 send back 正式;
5、This Contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of China.
本合同受中國(guó)法律管轄,并按中國(guó)法律解釋。construe 較 explain,interpret 正式;
6、The Employer may object to and require the Contractor to replace forthwith any of its authorized representatives who is
incompetent.
雇主認(rèn)為承包人委派的授權(quán)代表不合格時(shí),可以反對(duì)并要求立即撤換。require較ask正式;公文體forthwith 較 at once 正式;
7、The Chairperson may convene an interim meeting based on a proposal made by one-third of the total number of directors.
董事長(zhǎng)可以根據(jù)董事會(huì)過1/3董事的提議而召集臨時(shí)董事會(huì)議。convene,interim 都是正式用詞。
8、In case one party desires to sell or assign all or part of its investment subscribed, the other party shall have the preemptive right.
如一方想出售或轉(zhuǎn)讓其投資之全部或部分,另一方有優(yōu)先購(gòu)買權(quán)。法律用詞assign 較 transfer 正式。
9、In processing transactions, the manufacturers shall never have title either to the materials or the finished products.
加工貿(mào)易中,廠方無(wú)論是對(duì)原料還是成品都無(wú)所有權(quán)。 法律用詞title 較 ownership 正式。
10、The term "Effective date" means the date on which this Agreement is duly executed by the parties hereto.
“生效期”指雙方合同簽字的日子。 法律用詞execute 較 sign 正式。
第二部分、用詞方面
多使用"here","there","where"等前綴,下面這么多是不是有點(diǎn)頭昏眼花?初學(xué)時(shí)確實(shí)容易搞混,告訴你個(gè)小竅門,here 代表 this,there 代表 that,where 代表 what/which,就容易記多了。
hereafter = after this time; 今后
hereby = by means/reason of this; 特此
herein = in this; 此中,于此
hereinafter = later in this contract; 在下文
thereafter = afterwards; 此后,后來(lái)
thereby = by that means; 因此;由此;在那方面
therein = from that; 在那里;在那點(diǎn)上
thereinafter = later in the same contract; 以下;在下文
whereby = by what; by which; 由是;憑那個(gè)
wherein = in what; in which; 在哪里;在哪點(diǎn)上
……
第三部分、用詞方面
多用"shall"代替"will"或"should"加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣和強(qiáng)制力。合同中,shall并非單純表示將來(lái)時(shí),而常用來(lái)表示法律上可強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的義務(wù),具有約束力,宜譯為“應(yīng)”、“應(yīng)該”、“必須”; will無(wú)論語(yǔ)氣還是強(qiáng)制力要比shall弱,宜譯為“將”、“原”、“要”;should通常只用來(lái)表示語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)的假設(shè)、比如“萬(wàn)一”。
1、This Contract shall become effective upon and from the date on which it is signed.
本合同簽字生效。
2、This Contract shall be written in English in four copies. Each party shall keep two copies.
本合同應(yīng)以英文寫成,一式四份,雙方各持兩份。