下面學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家?guī)斫鹑谟⒄Z關(guān)于美國金融制度情景對(duì)話，歡迎大家學(xué)習(xí)!

　　關(guān)于美國金融制度情景對(duì)話一：

　　Mr.Tanaka and the American banker continue their discussion of the financial and monetary system of the United States .

　　田中先生和美國銀行家繼續(xù)他們有關(guān)美國金融和貨幣制度的討論。

　　Tanaka:I suppose that means that for all practical purposes the Fed controls the state chartered banks ,too.

　　田 中：我想，這就意味著，為了實(shí)際需要，美國聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備系統(tǒng)也控制著各個(gè)州立銀行。

　　Banker:Yes,I would say that's correct .The Fed has the final authority on controlling the supply of money ,

　　銀行家：我年，是這樣的。美國聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備系統(tǒng)在控制貨幣發(fā)行方面有最終權(quán)威，

　　and that alone has a great impact on any bank .

　　并且單就這一點(diǎn)它也會(huì)對(duì)任何一個(gè)銀行產(chǎn)生巨大影響。

　　T:You said earlier that the Fed issues the main currency of the country .

　　田 中：以前，您講過美國聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備系統(tǒng)發(fā)行國內(nèi)主要貨幣，

　　Do you mean that there are several forms of currency?

　　您是說，還有其他幾種形式的貨幣同時(shí)存在嗎?

　　B:Historically ,there have been a number of different issues of currency .

　　銀行家：從歷史上看，這里有許多不同的貨幣發(fā)行渠道。

　　Some notes have been issued by the Treasury and some by the Fed .

　　一些貨幣是由財(cái)政部發(fā)生的，一些是由聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備銀行發(fā)行的。

　　Actually ,if you look carefully at the notes you have in your possession ,you 'll find some that say United States Note ,

　　實(shí)際上，您如果仔細(xì)察看您所擁有的紙幣，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，有些注明是美國的鈔票，

　　some that say Federal Reserve Bank Note and even some that say National Bank Note .

　　有些是聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備銀行的鈔票，甚至還有的是國家銀行的鈔票，

　　These are all forms of old issues that are gradually being retired from circulation.

　　這些都是舊的發(fā)行渠道，可這些鈔票正逐步地從流通領(lǐng)域中消失。

　　T:Therefore,the Federal Reserve Note is the main one today ?

　　田 中：因此，美國聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備銀行發(fā)行的鈔票是目前主要的貨幣形式。

　　B:Yes,that's right .It's what we call fiat money or currency without any gold or silver backing .

　　銀行家：是的，您說得對(duì)。這正是我們所說的沒有任何金或銀作為儲(chǔ)備根據(jù)所發(fā)行的紙幣或貨幣。

　　We all accept it as money because the government declares it to be money.

　　我們把它們當(dāng)作金錢，因?yàn)檎妓鼈兪墙疱X。

　　T;Yes,that's the same as the situation in Japan .I think that's true in all modern nations today .

　　田 中：是的，日本的情況也是同樣如此。我想，當(dāng)今所有的現(xiàn)代國家也都是如此情況。

　　B:Yes,in paper currency as well as coinage .Modern coins are called token money for that reason .

　　銀行家：是的，無論是紙幣還是硬幣的發(fā)行都是照此辦理的，為此，現(xiàn)代硬幣被稱之為“輔幣”。

　　關(guān)于美國金融制度情景對(duì)話二：

　　Iwao Tanaka ,making his first business trip to the United States ,is talking to an American banker about the financial and monetary system of the U.S.

　　田中巖夫第一次因公出差工到美國，他正在與美國的一位銀行家談到美國金融和貨幣制度。

　　Tanaka:What is meant by the term Federal Reserve System ?Is that the central bank of the United States?

　　田 中：什么是美國聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)蓄系統(tǒng)?它是美國的中央銀行嗎?

　　Banker :Technically it is not ,Mr.Tanaka,but it functions in that capacity .

　　銀行家：從法律上講，它不是，田中先生。但是它發(fā)揮了那樣的作用。

　　The Federal Reserve System ,or the Fed as it is usually called,is the fiscal agent of the United States .

　　美國聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備系統(tǒng)即平常稱之為“聯(lián)邦”的是美國財(cái)政機(jī)構(gòu)。

　　It has authority to issure notes which are the main currency of the country ,

　　它有權(quán)發(fā)行作為國家主要貨幣的紙幣，

　　to control the money supply and to supervise banks and banking practices in the country .

　　有權(quán)控制貨仙的供應(yīng)量，并有權(quán)監(jiān)督國內(nèi)銀行及銀行業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)。

　　T;It's owned by the government ,isn't it ?

　　田 中：它屬于政府所有，是嗎?

　　B:No ,it isn't .Actually ,the Fed really consists of 12 banks which are owned by all the nationally chartered banks in their respective districts.

　　銀行家：不是的。實(shí)際上，美國聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備系統(tǒng)包括十二家銀行，這些銀行都是由所在地區(qū)的國家立案銀行掌握所有權(quán)。

　　But the supervisory board ,called the Board of Governors,is a government agency responsible to the Congress.

　　但是他被稱為“總裁理事會(huì)”的具有監(jiān)督作用的理事會(huì)是一個(gè)政府機(jī)構(gòu)，它向國會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)。

　　T:What do you mean by nationally chartered banks?Don't all banks have to have charters?

　　田 中：您所說的國家立案的銀行是什么意思?難道不是所有的銀行都必須立案嗎?

　　B:Yes,every bank must have a charter or license to do business .But we have a dual banking system here in the United States.

　　銀行家：是的，每個(gè)銀行都必須立案或者得到準(zhǔn)許證才能營業(yè)。但是在美國，我們這里實(shí)行的是雙重銀行體制，

　　That means some banks are licensed by the Federal government and some by individual states.

　　就是說，有些銀行是由聯(lián)邦政府簽發(fā)的準(zhǔn)許證，而有些則是各個(gè)州簽發(fā)的。

　　There are approximately 5,000 national banks and 10,000 state banks in the country .

　　在美國大約有5000所國立銀行和10000所州立銀行。

　　T:Are they all supervised by the Fed?

　　田 中：這些銀行受美國聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備系統(tǒng)監(jiān)督嗎?

　　B:Only the national banks are .

　　銀行家：不，只有國立銀行是這樣的。