高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空解題技巧與練習(xí)材料
要做好語(yǔ)法填空題,理解短文是解題的前提。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空解題技巧與練習(xí)材料,供大家參閱!
解答語(yǔ)法填空題的8條思路
要做好語(yǔ)法填空題,理解短文是解題的前提,扎實(shí)的詞匯、句型和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)是基礎(chǔ),英語(yǔ)國(guó)家背景知識(shí)是必要的補(bǔ)充?,F(xiàn)以下題為例,談?wù)務(wù)Z法填空題的解題思路。
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)上下文填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ),或用括號(hào)中的詞語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空:
A proverb says, “Time is money”. But in my opinion, time is even 1 precious than money. Why? 2 when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time is 3 , it will never return.
4 is known to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore we should make 5 use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in 6 future.
But it is a pity that there are a lot of people 7 do not realize the value of time. They 8 their precious time smoking, drinking and playing.
In a word, we should form the good habit of 9 (save) time. Do not put off what can be done today 10 tomorrow.
1. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)進(jìn)行填充
第1題,由than可知,precious要用比較級(jí),多音節(jié)形容詞的比較級(jí)在前面加more,故此題答案為more。
第7題,因there are…是個(gè)句子,do not…應(yīng)是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,缺主語(yǔ),先行詞是人,應(yīng)填who。
2. 根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行填充
就是根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系來解題。
第2題,因前句用Why提問,應(yīng)當(dāng)用Because來回答,故此題答案是Because。
3. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志進(jìn)行填充
語(yǔ)篇是指比單個(gè)句子長(zhǎng)的語(yǔ)言單位(句群、段落、篇章等)。語(yǔ)篇間往往有標(biāo)明內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞,我們稱這些詞為“語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志詞”。如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的有first, second, third, finally等;表示邏輯關(guān)系的有thus,therefore,so等;表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系或變換話題的有however, but, by the way等。“語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志詞”對(duì)迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò),弄清上下文關(guān)系很有幫助。
第3題,由表示轉(zhuǎn)折的However可知,是指當(dāng)時(shí)間失去的時(shí)候,表示“失去”是gone。
第5題,由表示結(jié)果的Therefore可知,應(yīng)充分利用時(shí)間,故用形容詞full或good來修飾名詞use。
4. 根據(jù)固定詞組進(jìn)行填充
熟練掌握一些常見的詞組,如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulate...on..., devote...to..., earn one?蒺s living, keep one?蒺s word, make up one?蒺s mind等,對(duì)解題很有幫助。
第6題,表示“在將來”是固定詞組in the future。
5. 根據(jù)句型搭配進(jìn)行填充
就是根據(jù)一些常用的句型搭配,如so/such...that..., it is...(for sb.) to do sth, there is no doubt that..., there is no sense in doing sth.等來解題。
第4題,作形式主語(yǔ),用It,真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的that從句。
6. 根據(jù)詞匯知識(shí)進(jìn)行填充
指根據(jù)某些詞語(yǔ)在用法上的特殊搭配來解題。如下列各類動(dòng)詞必須牢記:只能接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,只能接to do作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,接to do作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,接do作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,接doing或done作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,對(duì)句式搭配要求較為特別的詞語(yǔ),等等。
第8題,由time smoking可想到是spend/waste time (in) doing句型,這是由spend/waste的用法所決定的;這里是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù),填spend或waste。
第9題,因of是介詞,介詞后的動(dòng)詞通常要用-ing形式,故填saving。
7. 根據(jù)生活常識(shí)進(jìn)行填充
第10題,結(jié)合生活常識(shí),不難理解句意為“不要把今天能做的事推遲到明天去做”,答案自然是表示“直到”的until/till。
8. 根據(jù)文化背景進(jìn)行填充
如After the flood Mr. Deng was as poor as a church_______.
這句話的意思是“水災(zāi)后鄧先生一貧如洗了”。as poor as a church mouse(一貧如洗),所以此處填mouse。
語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)材料1
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Yangshuo,China
It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours __2__,I'd been at home in Hong Kong,with __3__ (it) choking smog.Here,the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain.
I'd skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__ (painting).Instead,I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin,it's only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】
桂林山水甲天下,陽(yáng)朔風(fēng)光甲桂林。作者講述了從香港去陽(yáng)朔旅游時(shí)的所見。
1.解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用了過去進(jìn)行時(shí),根據(jù)語(yǔ)境此處要用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。
答案arrived
2.解析:考查副詞的用法。由語(yǔ)境可知,幾個(gè)小時(shí)之前我還在香港的家中,由此可知before/earlier符合句意。
答案before/earlier
3.解析:考查形容詞性物主代詞的用法。空格后面有名詞smog,故要使用形容詞性物主代詞。
答案its
4.解析:考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞的用法。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)不難判斷這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為指物的mountain tops and dark waters,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),因此答案為that/ which。
答案that/ which
5.解析:考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。“so many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”為一常用短語(yǔ)。
答案paintings
6.解析:考查介詞的固定用法。根據(jù)句意可知,這只是驅(qū)車一小時(shí)的路程精選高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空真題(10篇)精選高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空真題(10篇)。“by+交通工具名詞”為一固定短語(yǔ)。
答案by
7.解析:考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。本段介紹陽(yáng)朔的自然條件,屬客觀事實(shí),要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),由于主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)第三人稱形式,因此答案為is。
答案is
8.解析:考查過去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)的用法。study與conduct之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用表示被動(dòng)的過去分詞形式。此外,by是解題的關(guān)鍵詞,conducted by...意為“由……所做的”。
答案conducted
9.解析:考查副詞的用法。該詞修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞arrange,故要用其副詞形式。
答案regularly
10.解析:考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)的用法精選高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空真題(10篇)文章精選高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空真題(10篇)出自http://www.gkstk.com/article/wk-78500000688740.html,轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)保留此鏈接!。由于live與其所修飾的名詞people之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用表示主動(dòng)意義的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
答案living
語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)材料2
Passage 2(2015•新課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to “air condition”a house without __4__(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat __5__(slow)during cool nights,thus warming the house.When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6__ (cool) the house during the hot day:__7__ the same time,they warm up again for the night.This cycle __8__ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As__9__(nature) architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly__10__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】
相比現(xiàn)代化的建筑,簡(jiǎn)陋的土坯房可謂丑陋不堪。但當(dāng)代的建筑師卻對(duì)其情有獨(dú)鐘。短文主要介紹了土坯房能夠調(diào)節(jié)溫度的原理。
1.解析:考查過去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)dwellings與動(dòng)詞build之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用過去分詞形式。又由by一詞的暗示也可知用表示被動(dòng)意義的過去分詞。
答案built
2.解析:考查定冠詞的用法??崭裰鬄樾稳菰~的最高級(jí)形式,故填定冠詞。
答案the
3.解析:考查形容詞與名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞性物主代詞their之后應(yīng)當(dāng)用名詞,故將able轉(zhuǎn)化為其名詞形式。
答案ability
4.解析:考查介詞的用法。介詞without之后的動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞形式。
答案using
5.解析:考查副詞的用法精選高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空真題(10篇)普通高考。由土坯制成的墻壁在炎熱的白天吸收太陽(yáng)的熱量并在涼爽的夜間慢慢將熱量釋放出來。修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞give out,因此要用副詞形式。
答案slowly
6.解析:考查固定句式的用法
“形容詞+enough+動(dòng)詞不定式”為一常用句式。
答案to cool
7.解析:考查固定短語(yǔ)的用法。at the same time意為“同時(shí)”,是一個(gè)常用介詞短語(yǔ)。
答案at
8.解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。這是一篇說明文,主要介紹了土坯房冬暖夏涼的原理,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。
答案goes
9.解析:考查形容詞的用法。修飾名詞architects,故要用形容詞形式。
答案natural
10.解析:考查賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,這是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)形容詞thick及結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墻的確切厚度。所以答案為how。
答案how