2016中考英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)用法總結(jié)

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　　2016中考英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)用法總結(jié)：

　　1 . cost / take / spend / pay 花費(fèi)

　　花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事 ： It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time (in)doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .

　　某人花錢買某物 ： sb spend some money on sth . = sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money .

　　※ spend 和 pay 主語(yǔ)都是人， cost 主語(yǔ)是物。

　　※ spent 還可以指“度過(guò)”→ How did you spend your weekend ?

　　The sweater ________ me 90 yuan . = I _______ 90 yuan for the sweater .=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater .

　　He spent lots of money ________ the mobile phone .

　　It ________ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day .

　　2 . thanks for為…而感謝

　?、?______ inviting me to your birthday party .

　　thanks to 多虧/由于

　　⑵______ your help .I got good grades .

　　3 . 感嘆句 ：多么… what + 名詞

　　how + 形容詞 / 副詞

　?、? ______ bad weather ! ⑵. ______ hard he works !

　?、? ______ fresh vegetables ! ⑷. ______ cute a monkey it is !

　　4 . 因?yàn)?、由?： because( 連詞 ) +從句： ( 表示原因 )

　　because of(介詞短語(yǔ)) + 名詞(短語(yǔ) )= thanks to

　　⑴ I didn’t go to school ______ I had a headache .

　　He was late for class ______ the bad weather .

　　He can’t come _____ he is ill .

　　Many people have a cold _____ the cold weather .

　　※because和 so不能同時(shí)連用 .

　　5 . 來(lái)自 ： be from = come from

　?、?Where are you from ? = Where ______ you ______ ______ ?

　　⑵ He is from Tibet . = He ______ ______ Tibet .

　　6 . How often 對(duì)頻率提問(wèn) ( 多久一次) →回答用表示頻率的副詞或短語(yǔ)

　　How long 對(duì)一段時(shí)間提問(wèn) (多久 ) →回答用表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)

　　How soon 對(duì)將來(lái)時(shí)間提問(wèn) ( 多久 ) →回答用 in+時(shí)間段

　　How far 詢問(wèn)多長(zhǎng)距離(多長(zhǎng))

　?、? ______ have you been collecting the kites ? -For ten years .

　　⑵- ______ do you go shopping ? -Sometimes.

　?、?- ______ will your father come back ? - In two years .

　?、? _____ do you exercise ? - Once a week .

　?、? _____ is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles .

　?、? _____ are you staying there ? - Two weeks .

　　7 . 乘交通工具 ： take a / the +交通工具 在句中作謂語(yǔ)

　　by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式狀語(yǔ)

　　交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane…

　?、?He takes a bus to bank .= He goes to bank by bus . = He goes to bank on a bus .

　　⑵ I walk to school . = I go to school ______ .

　　※ 騎自行車、馬或驢用ride ： ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in one’s car

　　8 . 對(duì)不起 ： Excuse me (勞駕，客套話 )

　　Sorry ( 表示道歉 )

　?、?______ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?

　?、?ndash;Would you mind cleaning your room ? - ______ . I’ll do it right away .

　?、? Don’t eat in class . - _____ . Ms Clark .

　?、?_____ , is this the way to the station ?

　　9 . 聲音 ： sound ( 自然界各種聲音 )

　　noise(噪音)

　　voice(悅耳的聲音：嗓子)

　?、臠ucy has a sweet ______ . ⑵That ______ like a good idea .

　?、荄on’t make ______ . The baby is sleeping .

　　10 . look like (外貌看起來(lái)像… )

　　be like ( 性格像… )

　?、?Lily _____ _____ Lucy . Oh , they are twins .

　?、?Tony ______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful .

　　11 . take… to … 帶去

　　bring…to …帶來(lái)

　　fetch 沒(méi)有方向性(強(qiáng)調(diào)來(lái)回)

　　⑴ Tony . ______ the ball here .Please .

　?、?My father often ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays .

　　⑶ ______ your homework _____ school tomorrow .

　　12. 一些 ： some 用于肯定句

　　any 用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句

　?、?I’d like ______ milk .

　　⑵ –Would you like ______ yogurt ?

　　_ Thanks . I don’t want ______ .

　　※ 在一般疑問(wèn)句中，認(rèn)為對(duì)方的答案會(huì)是肯定的，或期望得到對(duì)方肯定回答時(shí)，也用some .

　　13. 多少 ： How many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)

　　How much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞

　?、?______ juice do you want ? ⑵ ______ apples do you want ?

　?、? ______is the T-shirt ? –It’s 30 yuan .

　　※ How much可對(duì)價(jià)錢提問(wèn)：How much are the potatoes ?

　　14. 看 ：see 強(qiáng)調(diào)看的結(jié)果

　　look ( at ) 不及物動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作

　　watch 觀看：比賽、電視、表演、電影

　　read 讀，朗讀：看書、看報(bào)、看信、看雜志

　?、臘on’t______ in bed .

　?、?We will ______ a basketball game this evening .

　?、?Please ______ the blackboard . Everyone .

　?、?I ______ a bird in the tree yesterday .

　　※On Saturday night . I saw an interesting talk show .

　　On Saturday evening . several kids watched a movie . watch a movie =go to a movie

　　15. stop doing sth 停止做某事 → Please stop talking .

　　stop to do sth 停下來(lái)去做別的事

　　⑴ The girl soon stopped ______ (cry ) . ⑵ He was tired and stopped ______ (have ) a rest .

　　16. forget / remember后接不定式表示未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：

　　△forget / remember to do sth(忘記/記得去做某事)→ He forgot to turn off the light .(沒(méi)有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作) Remember to go to the post office after school .

　　forget / remember 后接ving表示已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：

　　△forget / remember doing sth(忘記/記得做過(guò)某事)→ He forgot turningoff the light .(已做過(guò)關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作) Don’t you remember seeing the man before ?

　　17. 到達(dá)… reach + 地點(diǎn)

　　get to + 地點(diǎn) reach = get to

　　arrive + in + 大地點(diǎn)

　　arrive + at + 小地點(diǎn)

　?、?He reached London yesterday . = He ______ to London yesterday . = He ______ in London yesterday .

　　⑵ She arrived ______ the bus station just now . ⑶ You should ______ ( get ) home on time .

　　※ 當(dāng)get to和 arrive at /in后接地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)，都不加介詞。如：get home get there 省略 to

　　18. 擅長(zhǎng)，在…方面做得好 ： be good at = do well in .

　?、?She is good at chemistry . = She ______ ______ ______ chemistry .

　?、?Niuniu is good at ______ the violin . = Niuniu ______ well in ______ the violin .

　　⑶ Lucy and Lily are twin girls .Lucy is better ______ dancing than Lily .but Lily _____ ______ in singing than Lucy .

　　19. win ( 贏得 )接a game、 war 、a match、 a prize

　　beat( 打敗、戰(zhàn)勝 )接運(yùn)動(dòng)員、球隊(duì)、對(duì)手等。

　　⑴ Which team ______ the football match ?

　?、?Wang Hao ______ Ma Lin and ______ the champion of the Men’s Singles .

　　20. 借 borrow sth . from sb = borrow sb . sth 向某人借某物→ borrow借入

　　lend sth . to sb = lend sb . sth把某物借給某人 → lend 借出

　　keep延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 ，與一段時(shí)間連用。

　　⑴ Can you lend me your bike ? = Can you ______ your bike ______ me ?

　?、?You can borrow some money ____ your brother . = You can borrow yourbrother ____ ____.

　?、?- How long can I ______ the book ?

　　- You can _____ it for two weeks .

　　※ 類似用法的還有：buy — have put on — wear become — be

　　leave — be away from open — be open begin — be on

　　die — be dead return — be back

　　① become He has ______ a doctor .

　　He has ______ a doctor for 10 years .

　?、?begin The film has ______ .

　　The film has _________ for ten minutes .

　　21. 能，會(huì)。be able to

　　can

　　※ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面都接動(dòng)詞原形。

　?、?We should ______ able to finish the work tomorrow .

　?、?I can ______ (play) the guitar .⑶ He ______ able to play chess .

　　22. too many 太多 — 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)→ I have too many rules in my house .

　　too much 太多 — 修飾不可數(shù)名詞→ Maybe you have too much yin .

　　much too太— 后跟形容詞或副詞原級(jí)→ This coat is much too expensive .

　?、?Eating _____ ______ is bad for your health .

　　⑵ It’s ______ ______cold today . You’d better not go out .

　?、荰here are______ ______ students in the hallways . It’s dangerous .

　　23. have / has been to 去過(guò)某地 →He has been to Beijing . (現(xiàn)在不在北京)

　　have / has gone to 去了某地 →He has gone to Beijing . (現(xiàn)在可能在北京，或在去北京的途中)

　　have/hasbeen in / at在某地

　?、臝 have ever _______ ______ America twice .

　?、?He has ______ ______ Beijing for ten years .

　?、?ndash; Where is your brother ?

　　- He______ ______ to Hainan .

　?、?_____ you ever ______ ______ Disneyland ?

　　24. used to do sth .過(guò)去常做某事→ This river used to be very clean .

　　be(get)used to doing sth .習(xí)慣于做某事 → I’m not used to getting up early .

　　be used to do sth = be used for doing sth . 被用于做某事→ Pens are used for writing .

　?、?XiaoGang ______ ______ ______ afraid of the dark .

　?、?Thebroom is ______ ______ clean the room . = The broom is ______ ______ cleaning the room .

　?、?He ______ ______ ______ living countryside .There is fresh air and sweet well .

　　⑷ Wood _____ _____ _____ making paper .

　　25. belong to + 名詞 / 人稱代詞賓格 (屬于)

　　be + 名詞所有格 / 名詞性物主代詞 (是)

　?、臝t must ______ Ning’s .= It must _________ Ning .

　　⑵ The pencil must be ______ (my) . = The pencil must belong to ______ (my) .

　?、?This ball ______ to me .= This ball is ______ .

　　26. can’t 不可能 0

　　表示推測(cè)、判斷 could/might 也許、可能 50﹪— 80﹪

　　must 肯定、一定 100﹪

　?、?The CD _____ belong to Tony . because he likes listening to music .

　?、?The notebook ______ be mine .It has my name on it .

　?、?The toy ______ be my grandpa . After all .He is an old man .

　　27. be made from (由…制成)看不出原材料

　　be made of (由…制成)看得出原材料

　?、?The table ______ ______ ______ wood .

　?、?Paper ______ ______ ______ wood .

　　28. prefer to do sth 寧愿做某事

　　prefer sth . to sth . 喜歡…而不喜歡…

　　prefer doing sth . to doing sth . 喜歡做…而不喜歡做…

　?、?I prefer ______ (swim) to ______ (play) balls . ⑵ He _______ fish to beef .

　　⑶ I prefer to ______ (walk) to work .

　　29. 一些表示人的情感或情緒的形容詞 ： —ed 修飾人

　　—ing 修飾物

　?、?I want to go somewhere ______ (relaxing/relaxed) .

　?、?She is ______ in this ______ history story . (interesting/interested )

　　※ interesting(有趣的) — interested(感興趣的) tiring(累人的)— tired(累的，疲倦的)

　　boring (令人無(wú)聊的)— bored(無(wú)聊的)exciting(令人興奮的)— excited(激動(dòng)的)

　　surprising(令人驚訝的) — surprised(驚訝的)

　　relaxing(令人放松的) — relaxed(放松的)

　　embarrassing (令人尷尬的;令人為難的) — embarrassed (尷尬的;為難的)

　　30. the number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)(…的數(shù)量)作主語(yǔ)， 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。

　　a number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) (許多、一些)= many

　?、?The number of students in our class______ 80 .

　?、?______ number of students are in Helin Middle School .

　　31. for + 一段時(shí)間

　　since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)/過(guò)去時(shí)的句子

　?、?We have been studying English ______ three years .

　　⑵ He has been staying here ______ he was five years old . .

　　⑶ We haven’t seen each other ______ ten years ago .

　　※ for和 since 可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。如：Jenny has been collecting coins for several years .= Jenny has been collecting coins since several years ______ .

　　32. 除…之外 except (不包括在內(nèi))→ Everyone could answer this question except Jim .

　　besides (包括在內(nèi))→There are three girls besides me .

　?、?We all passed the exam ______ Li Yang .

　?、?Many other students like basketball ______ Guo Xiaojun .

　　33. already 用于肯定句中(已經(jīng))

　　yet 用于疑問(wèn)句末(已經(jīng))

　　用于否定句末(還)

　?、?Have you seen the film ______ ? ⑵ I haven’t locked the door ______ .

　?、?Mom has _______ watered the flowers .

　　34. 否定祈使句 Don’t + v.

　　No + v.ing / n.

　?、?Don’t smoke here . = ______ ______ here . ⑵ Don’t take photos. = ______ ______ .