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學習啦 > 學習英語 > 英語單詞 > 分詞的語態(tài)和語態(tài)用法分析

分詞的語態(tài)和語態(tài)用法分析

時間: 楚欣650 分享

分詞的語態(tài)和語態(tài)用法分析

  以下是小編為大家整理的分詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)用法總結,希望能幫助大家更好地認識這個句型,提高英語水平。

  分詞的語態(tài):

  1)與主語動詞同時,

  Arriving there, they found the boy dead. 剛一到那兒,他們就發(fā)現(xiàn)那男孩死了。

  Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.  聽到這一消息,他高興得手舞足蹈。

  典型例題

  The secretary worked late into the night, ___a long speech for the president.

  A. to prepare  B. preparing  C. prepared  D. was preparing

  答案B. 此處沒有連詞,不能選D,否則出現(xiàn)了兩個謂語動詞worked和was preparing。 只能在B,C中選一個。又因前后兩個動作同時發(fā)生,且與主語為主動關系,應用現(xiàn)在分詞。

  2)先于主動詞

  While walking in the garden,he hurt his leg. 在花園里散步時他傷了腿。

  分詞作時間狀語,如果先與主動詞的動作,且強調先后, 要用having done。

  Having finished his homework, he went out.

  =As he had finished his homework, he went out.

  做完作業(yè)后,他出去了。

  典型例題

  ___ a reply, he decided to write again.

  A. Not receiving  B. Receiving not  C. Not having received  D. Having not received

  答案C. 本題考查分詞的時態(tài)與分詞的否定式。根據題意判斷,分詞的動作(接信)發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作(決心再寫信)之前,因此用分詞的完成式。分詞的否定式的構成為not +分詞,故選C。該句可理解為:Because he had not received a reply, he decided to write again.

  分詞的時態(tài)用法分析:

  1)通常,現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動,過去分詞表示被動,例如:

  He is the man giving you the money. (= who gave you…)

  他就是給你錢的那個人。

  He is the man stopped by the car.  ( = who was stopped by…)

  他就是那個被車攔住的人。

  2)不及物動詞的過去分詞表示動作已經發(fā)生

  gone, fallen, retired, grown-up, escaped, faded, returned

  例: a well-read person.  一個讀過許多書的人

  a burnt-out match   燒完了的火柴

  a much-travelled may 一個去過許多地方的人

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