用英語(yǔ)書寫數(shù)字時(shí)的規(guī)則總結(jié)
用英語(yǔ)書寫數(shù)字時(shí)的規(guī)則總結(jié)
以下是小編為大家整理的英語(yǔ)數(shù)字書寫規(guī)律的用法總結(jié),希望能幫助大家更好提高英語(yǔ)水平。
在漢英筆譯和英語(yǔ)寫作中,經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到數(shù)字;哪些場(chǎng)合用單詞表示,哪些場(chǎng)合用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示,往往使人難以確定,現(xiàn)行語(yǔ)法書中也極少涉及此類問題。
實(shí)際上,以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的國(guó)家,在書寫數(shù)字時(shí)已形成幾條約定俗成的規(guī)則:
一. 英美等國(guó)的出版社在排版時(shí)遵循一條原則,即1至10用單詞表示,10以上的數(shù)目用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字(也有的以100為界限),這條原則值得我們行文時(shí)借鑒。
Eg. That table measures ten feet by five.
那個(gè)工作臺(tái)長(zhǎng)10英尺,寬5英尺。Eg. The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week.
由一個(gè)教授和十名學(xué)生每周會(huì)晤兩三次,每次授課時(shí)間45到50分鐘,是大學(xué)程度課堂教學(xué)的傳統(tǒng)方式。
二. 遇到日期、百分比、帶單位的特殊數(shù)字,通常用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。
Eg. Maximum swivel of table is l20.
工作臺(tái)的最大回轉(zhuǎn)角度是120度。
Eg. 3rd March l991或3 March l991;
a discount of 5 percent(5%的折扣);
Eg. purchased 7 yards of carpet(買7碼地毯);
Eg. ordered 2 pounds of minced steak
(訂購(gòu)2磅剁碎的肉)。
如果涉及的數(shù)目和單位是不定數(shù),可用單詞表示。
Eg. about five miles per hour(每小時(shí)大約5英里)
Eg. at least ten yards away(至少有10碼遠(yuǎn))
Eg. hesitated for a moment or two(猶豫了片刻)
Eg. I have warned you a hundred times(我已經(jīng)警告你多少遍了)。
三. 人數(shù)用阿技伯?dāng)?shù)字表示顯得更簡(jiǎn)潔明了,但不定數(shù)量、近似值用單詞表示較恰當(dāng)。
Eg. There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls.
選舉名單上有203817個(gè)投票人。
Eg. Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election.
近3萬(wàn)個(gè)投票人參加了這次選舉。
四. 在科技文章中,數(shù)字頻繁出現(xiàn),用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字比用單詞陳述更有利。
Eg. The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 litres and a power out-put of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute.
這臺(tái)新發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的容積為4.3升,轉(zhuǎn)速為每分鐘4400轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)輸出功率是153千瓦。
Eg. We know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0oC and 76cm,pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound.
我們知道,1立方英尺的空氣在0攝氏度和760毫米汞柱壓力下,重量是0.81磅,也就是說12立方英尺空氣的重量是1磅。
五. 句首不用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字,句末要盡量避免用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。
Eg. 4th July is an important date in American history.
應(yīng)該寫成The fourth of July...
Eg. 19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition.
19對(duì)選手參加了交際舞比賽。
應(yīng)改寫成:Nineteen couples took...
Eg. 60%profit was a reported.
據(jù)報(bào)道有60%的利潤(rùn)。
應(yīng)改寫成:Sixty per cent profit…
Eg. 1345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar.
試驗(yàn)時(shí)在桿的中點(diǎn)加1345公斤力。
可改成When tested, a force of l345 kg was applied...
六. 遇到分?jǐn)?shù),可用帶連字符號(hào)的單詞表示。
Eg. At 1east two-thirds of the class have had colds.
這個(gè)班至少有三分之二的學(xué)生患重感冒。
Eg. Nitrogen forms about four-fifths of the atmosphere.
氮約占大氣的五分之四。
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