than的難點(diǎn)用法歸納
than的難點(diǎn)用法歸納
下面是小編整理的一些關(guān)于than的難點(diǎn)和用法歸納, 希望讓大家更好地認(rèn)識(shí)than這個(gè)單詞,提高英語(yǔ)水平。
一、后接動(dòng)詞用不定式還是-ing分詞
1. 當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí),通常應(yīng)使用一樣的形式。如:
It is much easier to get into debt than to get out of it. 借債容易還債難。
He likes playing chess more than watching TV. 與看電視相比,他更喜歡下棋。
比較:
He thinks it is safer to drive himself than (to) let me drive.
=He thinks that driving himself is safer than letting me drive. 他認(rèn)為他自己開車比讓我開車要更安全些。
2. 若不是連接兩個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,則其后出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞通常用-ing分詞形式(雖然也可用不定式,但不如用-ing分詞普通)。如:
There are worse calamities than failing your driving test. 比起你駕駛考試不合格來(lái)說,更大的災(zāi)難還多著呢。
Nothing gives me more pleasure than listening to Mozart. 再?zèng)]有比聽莫扎特的樂曲更讓我高興的事了。
Nothing is more unpleasant than finding [to find] insects in your bath. 最使人不快的是在浴室里發(fā)現(xiàn)有蟲子。
二、后接人稱代詞用主格還是賓格
由于than既可用作連詞也可用作介詞,所以當(dāng)后接人稱代詞時(shí),可用主格也可用賓格。通常認(rèn)為在正式文體中多用主格,在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中多用賓語(yǔ)。如:
Everyone here is taller than I [me]. 這兒的每一個(gè)人都比我高。
Her sister swims faster than she [her]. 她姐姐游泳比她快。
但是,若人稱代詞之后跟有動(dòng)詞,則只能用主格。如:
Everyone here is taller than I am. 這兒的每一個(gè)人都比我高。
Her sister swims faster than she does. 她姐姐游泳比她快。
注意:有時(shí)用主格或賓格會(huì)導(dǎo)致意思的變化。比較:
I love you more than he (likes you). 我比他更愛你。
I love you more than (he likes) him. 我愛你勝過愛他。
三、引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)問題
若than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句與主句動(dòng)作不一致,可以根據(jù)情況使用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)形式。如:
He drives faster than he did a year ago. 他開車比一年以前快了。
The house is rather bigger than we thought. 這所房子比我們想的大得多。
若主句為將來(lái)時(shí),than引導(dǎo)的從句可用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái),也可直接使用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。如:
We’ll probably drive faster than you do [will]. 我們開車可能會(huì)比你們快。
四、引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句的倒裝問題
than引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句語(yǔ)序通常不需倒裝,但在正式文體中,有時(shí)也可倒裝。如:
City dweller have a higher death rate than country people do.
=City dweller have a higher death rate than do country people. 城市居民死亡率比農(nóng)村居民高。
五、引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句且在從句中充當(dāng)成分
有時(shí)可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)從句并在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分(主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)),為便于理解,有時(shí)可視為than后省略了what:
We don’t want to do more than is necessary. 我們不想做不必要的事情。
The pain was almost more than he could bear. 這樣的痛苦幾乎使他受不了。
She’s not a very good manager she always spends more money than she earns. 她不大會(huì)理財(cái)——總是入不敷出。
Life here is much easier than it used to be. 如今在此地生活比起從前可舒服多了。
比較下面一句,than后的expected為省略結(jié)構(gòu):
He returned three days earlier than (he was) expected. 他回來(lái)得比預(yù)料的要早三天。
六、后接時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句
若語(yǔ)義需要,有時(shí)其后可接when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句以及if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。如:
You are a little fatter than when I saw you last. 你比我上次見你時(shí)胖點(diǎn)了。
Joe carries only nine pounds more than when he was twenty. 喬比他20歲時(shí)只重了九磅。
They work better together than if they are alone. 他們一起干比他們單干效果要好。
七、同質(zhì)比較還是異質(zhì)比較
than 通常用于兩個(gè)不同的人或物在同一方面進(jìn)行比較,但有時(shí)指的可能是同一個(gè)人或物在兩個(gè)不同的方面進(jìn)行比較,此時(shí)只用于mor