雅思閱讀中認(rèn)真讀題的重要性
雅思閱讀考試不同于其他閱讀考試,它會在題目說明中給出提示或提出特殊要求,提供很多影響考生答題的重要信息。在雅思閱讀考試中很多考生都會因?yàn)楹雎粤祟}目說明而導(dǎo)致不必要的失分,最后追悔莫及。下面是小編給大家?guī)淼难潘奸喿x中認(rèn)真讀題的重要性,希望能幫到大家!
雅思閱讀中認(rèn)真讀題的重要性
比如有的考生對題型不熟,考試時(shí)不確定題目屬于什么題型,結(jié)果導(dǎo)致解題技巧用錯。其實(shí)這種情況下,考生完全可以通過題目說明來確定題型。如完成句子題有兩種,第一種是要求在原文選詞填空,另一種是在給定答案中選擇答案完成句子,而考生們往往把第二種誤當(dāng)成配對題,以為題目是“亂序的”,第一題沒找出答案就直接全部放棄了;而實(shí)際上考生若讀題目說明“Complete each sentence with the correct ending”,就會知道,它只不過是完成句子題型的一種,基本遵循“順序原則”,而且屬于“送分題”,雖然第一題可能難點(diǎn)兒,但是其他的會非常簡單,故稱為“送分題”,考生放棄實(shí)在太可惜了。
在雅思閱讀的是非無判斷題中,題目說明中往往會提出特殊要求,即有的文章要求考生寫TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN,而有的文章中則要求考生們寫YES/NO/NOT GIVEN。考生若沒有認(rèn)真讀題目說明,往往會把答案寫錯,題目明明要求考生們寫YES/NO/NOT GIVEN的,而有的考生則全寫成了TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN,最終該考生的成績可想而知。
雅思閱讀考試雖然重點(diǎn)考查考生們定位所需信息的能力,但在摘要題的題目說明中往往會有提示,告知考生題目對應(yīng)的原文內(nèi)容的位置,如“Complete the summary of the last two paragraphs”(提示答案在最后兩段里定位,而不需要全文定位了),這樣就在一定程度上降低了考生解答該題的難度。但有的考生由于粗心,卻忽略該考試說明,從文章第一段開始定位題目在原文中對應(yīng)內(nèi)容的位置,結(jié)果只能白白浪費(fèi)時(shí)間,不僅定位不到,而且由于著急,嚴(yán)重影響考試時(shí)的心情,最終到考試結(jié)束該題也沒有解答出來。
在雅思細(xì)節(jié)配對題或者在給定單詞中選答案的摘要題中,往往會出現(xiàn)“NB: any letter /word can be used more than once”(提示題目中有答案會重復(fù)使用),而有的考生則會忽略該提示,在解題過程中,如果有5道題,選項(xiàng)也是5個,該考生在解答最后一道題時(shí),就會不回原文定位,而直接把剩下的沒有被用過的選項(xiàng)作為最后一題的答案,而其實(shí),由于答案會被重復(fù)使用,所以有的選項(xiàng)不會被用到,因此這樣解題肯定是錯誤的。
雅思閱讀考試填空題在雅思考試中雖然題量不是很多,但考試頻率卻非常高。而填空題,不管是摘要題還是送分題(表格題、流程題、完成句子題等)都會有一定的字?jǐn)?shù)限制的要求,如:Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer(不超過兩個單詞,即答案必須為一個單詞或二個單詞)。很多考生明明定位準(zhǔn)確,但在確定答案時(shí)卻出現(xiàn)問題,他們往往在字?jǐn)?shù)限制之內(nèi)無法準(zhǔn)確確定答案。
其中一部分考生是因?yàn)楹雎粤俗謹(jǐn)?shù)要求。如劍7 Test1的Q6-Q9的題目要求為:Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer(答案只能為一個單詞)。而其中Q7 “The ability actually comes from perceiving _________through the ears.” 有的考生根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容“The sensation of facial vision, it turns out, really goes in through the ears.” 確定答案為“facial vision”, 實(shí)際上首先根據(jù)字?jǐn)?shù)限制的要求我們就可以確定這個答案肯定是錯的。該考生不僅忽略了題目中的字?jǐn)?shù)要求,而且題目和文章的理解方面也出了問題,實(shí)際上根據(jù)題目中的定位信息“perceive…through the ears”, 根據(jù)定位信息和原文內(nèi)容“一一對應(yīng)”的原則,我們可以在原文中定位到對應(yīng)內(nèi)容應(yīng)該為“Blind people, without even being aware of the fact, are actually using echoes of their own footsteps and of other sounds, to sense the presence of obstacles.” 因此答案應(yīng)該為echoes或obstacles。
還有一部分考生盡管注意到了字?jǐn)?shù)限制,但卻忽略了信息的完整性或改變了原文。如劍6 Test 3的Q38-Q40的題目要求為:Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer(答案只能為一個單詞或二個單詞,而且答案必須從原文中選,不可以改變原文)。其中Q40 “cells focus on_________ because food is in short supply.” 根據(jù)定位信息和原文內(nèi)容“一一對應(yīng)”的原則,我們可以在原文中定位到對應(yīng)內(nèi)容為“…cells that food is scarce (even if it isn’t) and induce them to shift into an anti-aging mode that emphasizes preservation of the organism over such ‘luxuries’ as growth and reproduction.” 答案應(yīng)該為preservation, 但有的同學(xué)卻改變原文把答案寫為organism’s preservation, 那就錯了。
所以考生們在回答雅思閱讀題時(shí)切記:一定要認(rèn)真閱讀題目說明,千萬不要因?yàn)榧庇诖痤}而忽略了題目說明的重要性。
雅思閱讀注意主謂一致
謂語受主語支配,它必須在人稱和數(shù)等方面與謂語保持一致。
I 語法形式上一致
(1)單數(shù)的名詞、代詞、動詞不定式、動名詞短語或從從句作主語時(shí),謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
What I hate most is telling lies.
To become a doctor is his ambition.
Whether she comes or not is of no matter·
[注]“what”引導(dǎo)的從句作主語,如果它后面的表語是復(fù)數(shù)形式,謂語動詞亦可以用復(fù)數(shù)。
What I said is right.
What we need badly here are doctors.
(2)由"and"連接并列主語時(shí):
1)一般情況下謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
What she says and what she does don’t agree·
Swimming in the summer and skating in the winter are my hobbies
In the city are to be found both the most renowned scholar and the scoundrels(無賴)
2)并列的主語如果表示同一個人、同一事物或同一概念時(shí),謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,而且“and”后面的名詞前沒有冠詞或物主代詞修飾。
My house and home is at 1707 Maryland drive.
Bread and butter is daily food for breakfast.
Her best friend and adviser has changed her idea again.
The Air-Marshal and Chief-of-Staff was killed in the air crash.
表示同一概念的類似短語有:
a block and tackle(滑輪組);the needle and thread(針線);brandy and soda(摻蘇列日蘭地);sale and water(鹽水);law and order(法律秩序);a cup and saucer(茶杯碟子); the ebb and flow (盛衰; 漲落); the rope and pulley (滑輪繩索)
watch and chain(有表鏈的手表);soap and water(肥皂水);etc。
There is my watch and chain on the dressing-table.
[注]若“and”后面的名詞前有冠詞或物主代詞修飾,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形似。
The bread and the butter are on sale.
My watch and my pen were stolen yesterday.
My friend and the classmate Jane are in the classroom.
3) 由“and”連接的并列單數(shù)主語前有“each, every, no , many a ”等修飾時(shí),謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
Many a boy and many a girl in the class has seen this film.
No teacher and no student is present.
Every man, woman, and child in this community is aware of the terrible consequences of the habit of smoking.
[注]復(fù)數(shù)主語后面加上"each",謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
The girls each have their own mothers.
The old worker and the young each have their own tools.
4)"and"后面加上"not",謂語用單數(shù)。
The farmer and not the city dweller is hurt when food prices fall.
Mr.Brown,and not I,is chosen to be the representative of the company.
It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive.
5)注意在某些成語里的主謂一致:
Time and tide wait for no man.(歲月不留人。)
Truth and honesty is the best policy.(誠實(shí)為上策。)