“失業(yè)率”英語怎么說
名詞解釋:失業(yè)率是指(一定時(shí)期滿足全部就業(yè)條件的就業(yè)人口中仍未有工作的勞動(dòng)力數(shù)字),旨在衡量閑置中的勞動(dòng)產(chǎn)能,是反映一個(gè)國家或地區(qū)失業(yè)狀況的主要指標(biāo)。失業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)的月份變動(dòng)可適當(dāng)反應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。失業(yè)率與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長率具有反向的對(duì)應(yīng)變動(dòng)關(guān)系。中國首次向外公開了調(diào)查失業(yè)率的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。你知道怎么用英語表達(dá)嗎?
A survey of 31 big-and-medium-sized Chinese cities found the unemployment rate remained at around 5 percent in the first eight months of the year, despite an economic slowdown.
It was the first time China formally disclosed a surveyed urban unemployment rate. China introduced the registered urban unemployment rate in the 1980s as an important indicator for macro-economic adjustment.
But critics have questioned its accuracy saying it understates the true unemployment rate. The surveyed rate counts only permanent urban residents who register for unemployment benefits with local governments. It also excludes temporary residents in cities.
盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)減速,但是對(duì)中國31個(gè)大中城市的調(diào)查顯示,今年前八個(gè)月的失業(yè)率維持在5%左右。
這是中國第一次正式公布調(diào)查的城市失業(yè)率結(jié)果。中國在20世紀(jì)80年代開始實(shí)行城鎮(zhèn)失業(yè)率登記,作為宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)整的一項(xiàng)重要指標(biāo)。
但是,批評(píng)家質(zhì)疑這一數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性,認(rèn)為這一數(shù)據(jù)低于真正的失業(yè)率。該調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)只涉及到為了獲得失業(yè)保障而在當(dāng)?shù)卣怯浀挠谰贸擎?zhèn)居民,并未包括城市中的臨時(shí)居民。
【講解】
文中的unemployment rate就是“失業(yè)率”的意思,其中unemployment用作名詞,解釋為“失業(yè);失業(yè)人數(shù)”,它的核心詞為動(dòng)詞employ(雇傭)。由employ派生出來的詞語還有employer(雇主)和employee(雇員)。
此外,文中的indicator用作名詞,解釋為“指標(biāo)”,常用的詞匯搭配有:economic indicator(經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo))、temperature indicator(溫度指示器)等。