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英語-ing式的語態(tài)知識講解

時間: 文淵1131 分享

  -ing式的語態(tài)

  大多數(shù)時候,-ing式使用主動語態(tài)形式,少數(shù)時候使用被動語態(tài)形式。

  (1)當(dāng)-ing式前面沒有his, him之類物主代詞或者名詞所有格作它的邏輯主語時,-ing式被動語態(tài)的邏輯主語一般就是該句的主語。

  Jack avoided speaking rudely.

  杰克避免講話粗魯。

  (speaking的邏輯主語就是句子的主語Jack)

  Having stood two hours, she wanted to sit down.

  站了2個小時,她想坐下了。

  (Having stood的邏輯主語就是句子主語she)

  She sat on the sofa watching TV.

  她坐在沙發(fā)上看電視。

  (watching TV的邏輯主語是句子的主語she)

  (2)-ing式的邏輯主語是這個-ing式動作的承受者時,-ing式要用被動語態(tài)形式。

  Everyone enjoys being praised.

  每個人都喜歡受表揚。

  (Everyone是praised的承受者)

  The man was lying on the couch being examined.

  那人躺在床上接受檢查。

  (The man是examined的承受者)

  I found him being criticized by his father.

  我發(fā)現(xiàn)他正受父親的批評。

  (him是criticised的承受者)

  Their being awarded encourages everyone else.

  他們所受的獎勵鼓勵著所有其他人。

  (Their=Them是awarded的承受者)

  注意:

  當(dāng)主語是物體,謂語是need, want, require, deserve時,作賓語的-ing式用主動式代替被動式,因為被動式稍嫌啰嗦。

  The TV set needs repairing now.

  這電視機需要修理了。

  =The TV set needs being repaired now.

  The walls wants to be whitewashing.

  墻壁需要粉刷了。

  = The walls wants to be whitewashed.

  The food requires to be heating.

  這個食品需要加熱。

  = The food requires to be heated.

  此外,形容詞worth后面也接-ing式的主式代替被動式,而worthy后面則要用不定式的被動語態(tài),或者of加-ing式的被動語態(tài)。

  This movie is worth seeing.

  這電影值得看。

  = This movie is worth to be seen.

  This computer is worthy buying.

  這臺電腦值得買。

  =This computer is worthy to be bought.

  = This computer is worthy of being bought


  本文作者:丹丹英語(公眾號:英語語法學(xué)習(xí))

  本文已獲轉(zhuǎn)載授權(quán),版權(quán)歸作者所有,如需轉(zhuǎn)載,請聯(lián)系原微信公眾號“英語語法學(xué)習(xí)”。

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