小學五年級英語知識點梳理總結
知識點就是學習的重點。那么關于小學五年級英語知識點有哪些呢?一起來看看吧,以下是小編準備的一些小學五年級英語知識點,僅供參考。
五年級英語上冊的語法知識點
Ⅰ、句子的主謂賓
[1]There be句型,接真正主語,介詞短語放后面,這兒有什么東西在什么地方
①這兒有十支鉛筆在藍色的盒子里。There are ten pencils in the blue box.
②這兒有足夠的鉛筆。There are enough pencils.
③這兒有很多的書在桌子上。There are many books on the desk.
④這兒有一臺電腦在我的房間里。There is a computer in my room.
⑤這兒有足夠的T裇衫給孩子們。There are enough the T-shirts for child.
⑥樹上有許多小鳥。There are many birds in the tree.
⑦樹上有許多香蕉。There are many bananas on the tree.
[2]Lets讓我們句型,接動詞原形
①讓我們列一個購物清單。Lets make a shopping list.
②讓我們帶上我的跳繩。Lets take my skipping rope.
[3]正常語序
①我們在8點鐘開始上課。My school starts at eight oclock.
②你應該吃蔬菜。You should eat veagetables.
③她感覺高興。She feels happy.
④我們參觀了許多地方。We visited lots of places.
⑤這是她的`包。This is her bag.
[4]正常語序的否定形式。直接加nt,一般動詞加助動詞dont,doesnt,didnt.
①昨天我沒有騎自行車。I didnt ride a bike yesterday.
②這個老人沒有坐下。 This old man don‘t sit down.
③我們不應該在教室里下棋。We shouldnt play chess in the class.
④我根本不能做2。I cant do 2 at all.
Ⅱ、一般疑問句
直接提前:Can/Should/Will,Have/Has/Had,Am/Is/Are/Was/Were;
其他一般動詞句首加:Do/Does/Did,注意:后面的謂語動詞改原形。人稱的變化。
①他們照相了嗎?Did they take photos?
②你有一個中國風箏嗎?Have you got a Chinese kite?
③你感覺無聊嗎?Are you feeling bored?
Ⅲ、名詞單復數(shù)。
①My sister has got a beautiful ….
②We had rice, meat and … for lunch.
③Do you want some … ?
④Last week, I ran 100 … .
⑤Did you eat … yesterday?
⑥Do you like … ?
⑦Her … is very beautiful.
Ⅳ、特殊疑問句
薩姆去了哪里?Where did Sam go?
②這些是誰的書包?Whose bags are these?
③昨天玲玲去了哪里?Where did Lingling go yesterday?
④你什么時間起床?What time do you get up?
⑤你感覺怎么樣?How do you feel?
⑥你們什么時候回來?When did you come back?
⑦這是誰的連衣裙?Whose dress is this?
⑧你什么時間上學?What time do you go to school?
⑨大明做了什什么?What does Daming do?
⑩你想要多少肉?How much meat do you want?
Ⅴ、介詞短語
①到時間起床了。up Its time to get up.
②我參觀了許多地方。ofI visited lots of places.
③我乘公共汽車回家。byI go home by bus.
④大明照了一張他爸爸的相。ofDaming took a photo of his father.
⑤他們去了那里在十點鐘at在早晨in在周末atThey go there at ten oclock.
⑥聽收音機。toListen to the radio.
⑦讓我們買一公斤肉。ofLets buy one kilo of meat.
⑧玲玲,你想成為在我們的足球隊里嗎?in Lingling, do you want to be in our football team?
⑨她擅長跳舞。atShe is good at dancing.
⑩John居住在上海。inJohn lived in Shanghai.
Ⅵ、主語主格,賓格,形容詞性的物主代詞,名詞性的物主代詞
I———me—— my——―mine
You——you—— your——yours
He—— him——his———his
She——her—— her—— hers
①他拿了我的T裇衫 He took my T-shirt.
②它不是他的,它是我的。Its not his.but it is mine.
③請遞給我米飯。Pass me the rice,please.
Ⅶ讀一讀,圈出畫線部分發(fā)音不同的一項。
①A. teacherB. meatC. sweater
②A. airB. ballC. all
③A. sunB. noseC. faceD. rice
④A. shoeB. fishC. shipD. television
判斷讀音是否相同,相同寫T反之寫F
⑤driverdress
⑥nothingthis
⑦handhour
⑧schoolshopping
1.一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經?;蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作感謝。
2.Be動詞在一般過去時中的`變化: ⑴am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。(was not=wasn't) ⑵are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。(were not=weren't) ⑶帶有was或were的句子,其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問句把was或were調到句首。
3.句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子 否定句:didn't +動詞原形,如:Jim didn't go home yesterday. 一般疑問句:在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問句: ⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑問詞當主語時:疑問詞+動詞過去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?
動詞過去式變化規(guī)則:
1.一般在動詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.結尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以“輔音字母+y”結尾的,變y為i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied
5.不規(guī)則動詞過去式: am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
不定冠詞
1.不定冠詞a,an與one同源,表示微弱的―一‖的概念,但并不強調數(shù)目,用來表示不確定的人或事物。 A用在輔音前,而不是輔音字母前;an用在元音前,而不是元音字母前。 a university in Asia 1.表示同類中的―任何一個‖ A cat has nine lives.
2.表示泛指的某人、某物I know a John Lennon,but not the famous one.
3.表示數(shù)量的'―一‖ He has a daughter.
4.表示單位數(shù)量的‖每一‖ I earn 10 dollars an hour.
5.表示相同的‖ The two birds are of a color.
6.用于集體名詞前He grows up in a large family.
7.在某種情況下可用于抽象名詞和物質名詞前China has a long history.
二、定冠詞的用法1.表示特定的人或物2.表示地球、宇宙中獨一無二的事物主要指各種天體及世界上比較有影響的物體。 The sun,the moon,the earth
3.表示地點、方向、時間、方式等at the corner在拐角處
(1)在表示季節(jié)的名詞前常不用冠詞。 In spring在春天
(2)具體某年的某個季節(jié),需用冠詞。 In the summer of the year2008
(3)用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級前the first the second
(4)用于形容詞前使其名詞化the rich the poor
(5)用于復數(shù)姓氏前,表示―夫婦‖或全家The Smiths
(6)用于樂器名詞前Play the piano
1、動詞be(is,am,are)的用法
我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is跟著他(he),她(she),它(it)。單數(shù)名詞用is,復數(shù)名詞全用are。變否定,更容易,be后not加上去。變疑問,往前提,句末問號莫丟棄。還有一條須注意,句首大寫莫忘記。
2、this,that和it用法
(1)this和that是指示代詞,it是人稱代詞。
(2)距離說話人近的人或物用this,距離說話人遠的人或物用that。如:
This is a flower.這是一朵花。(近處)That is a tree.那是一棵樹。(遠處)
(3)放在一起的兩樣東西,先說this,后說that。如:
This is a pen. That is a pencil.這是一支鋼筆。那是一支鉛筆。
(4)向別人介紹某人時說This is…,不說That is…。如:
This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom.這是海倫,海倫,這是湯姆。
(5)This is不能縮寫,而That is可以縮寫。如:
This is a bike. That’s a car.這是一輛自行車。那是一輛轎車。
(6)打電話時,介紹自己用this,詢問對方用that。如:
—Hello! Is that Miss Green?喂,是格林小姐嗎?
—Yes, this is. Who’s that?是的,我是,你是誰?
注意:雖然漢語中使用“我”和“你”,但英語中打電話時絕不可以說:I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?
(7)在回答this或that作主語的疑問句時,要用it代替this或that。如:
①—Is this a notebook?這是筆記本嗎?—Yes, it is.是的,它是。
②—What’s that?那是什么?—It’s a kite.是只風箏。
3、these和those用法
this, that, these和those是指示代詞,these是this的復數(shù)形式,指時間,距離較近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的復數(shù)形式,指時間、距離較遠或前面已經提到過的人或事物。
①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed.這是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
②These pictures are good.那些畫很好。
③ Are those apple trees?那些是蘋果樹嗎?
在回答主語是these或those的疑問句時,通常用they代替these或those以避免重復。如:
④Are these/those your apples?這些(那些)是你的蘋果嗎?
Yes, they are.是的,他們是。
4、名詞+’s所有格
單數(shù)名詞后直接加“ ’s ”:
Jim’s coat吉姆的外套Jeff’s mother杰夫的媽媽
’以s結尾的'復數(shù)名詞,只加“”
Teachers’ Day教師節(jié)the twins’ books雙胞胎的書
不以s結尾的不規(guī)則的名詞復數(shù),加“ ’s ”
Children’s Day兒童節(jié)men’s shoes男式鞋
表示兩者共同擁有時,只在最后一個名詞后加’s
Lucy and Lily’s mother露茜和莉莉的媽媽(共同的媽媽,一個媽媽)
表示兩者各自擁有時,要在每個名詞后加’s
Lucy’s and Kate’s rooms露茜和凱特的房間(各自的房間,兩間房子)
5、There be句型
(1)There be句型主要用以表達“某處(某時)有某人(某物)?!逼浠窘Y構為“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某時)”其中there是引導詞,沒有詞義;主語是be后面的名詞,be是謂語動詞,在一般現(xiàn)在時中be只用is和are兩種形式。下面這首歌訣可幫你巧記there be句型結構:
There is a book on the desk.There be放句首,主語跟在后。地、時放句末,強調置前頭。
On the desk there is a book.有時為了強調地點,也可把介詞短語放在句首。如:
(2)There be句型中的be動詞如何確定呢?請先看看下面這首歌訣:
Be動詞,有三個,am,is還有are。“There be”真特別,不留am只留倆,那就是is還有are。要用is還是are,須看其后的名詞是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)。若是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞用is,否則就用are。如:
①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
③There are some pears in the box.
(3)注意:如果“be”后的主語是由and連接的兩個或兩個以上的名詞,那么be的形式要遵循“遠親不如近鄰”的原則。也就是說,“be”的形式是由與它最近的那個名詞來確定的。若那個名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞要用is,是復數(shù)就用are。如:
①There is a book and some pens on the floor.
②There are some pens and a book on the floor.
6、like一詞的用法
like用作及物動詞,譯為“喜歡”。
(1)后接名詞或代詞,表示喜歡某人或某物。如:
I like the baby very much.我非常喜歡這個小孩。
(2)后接動名詞(v. -ing),表示“喜歡做某事”,著重于習慣、愛好。如:
Tom likes playing football.湯姆喜歡踢足球。
(3)后接動詞不定式(to do),表示“偶爾地喜歡做某事”,著重于某次具體的行為。如:
I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening.我喜歡讀書,但我今晚想看電視。
7、句子單數(shù)變復數(shù),注意以下五要素
(1)主格人稱代詞要變成相應的復數(shù)主格人稱代詞,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。
She is a girl. →They are girls.如:
I’m a student. →We are students.
(2)am,is要變?yōu)閍re。如:
He is a boy. →They are boys.
(3)不定冠詞a,an要去掉。如:
It is an apple. →They are apples.
(4)普通單數(shù)名詞要變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)形式。如:
This is a box. →These are boxes.
8、英語日期的表示法
英語中月份和星期名稱都是專有名詞,它們的首字母必須大寫,并且前面無需用冠詞。
用英語表示日期,其順序為月+日+年,日和年之間需用逗號隔開。如:August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年來表示。如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英語日期前介詞的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,則用介詞in,若具體到某一天,則需用介詞on。
9、時間的表達法
(1)直讀式,即直接讀出時間數(shù)字
7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen
(2)過、差式,即幾點差幾分,幾點過幾分。(以30分為分界線)
1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two 3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five
(3)12小時制
6:00 a.m.上午6點8:20 p.m.下午8點20分
(4)24小時制
13:00 13點鐘22:15 22點15分
(5)15分可用quarter 4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six
(6)時間前通常用at.
at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.
10、want用法
(1)想干什么用want to do sth
They want to join the sports club.他們想加入運動俱樂部。
(2)第三人稱單數(shù)作主語,want要作變化
①He wants to play basketball.
②Li Xia wants to play the piano.
(3)變疑問句,否定句要借助助動詞do或does.
①-Do you want to play soccer ball ?-Yes , I do . / No , I don’t.
②-Does he want to go home by bus ?-Yes , he does . / No , he doesn’t
二、初一英語易錯知識點歸類例析
英語有很多很細小的知識點,而這些細小的知識點往往就是考點。同學們很容易由于注意不到而犯錯誤,下面就初一年級同學們比較容易犯錯誤的知識點做一個匯總。
[第一類]名詞類
1、這些女老師們在干什么?
[誤] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析]在英語中,當一名詞作定語修飾另一名詞(單或復數(shù)形式)時,作定語的名詞一般要用其單數(shù)形式;但當man,woman作定語修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式時,要用其復數(shù)形式men,women.
2、房間里有多少人?
[誤] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作“人、人們”解時,是個集合名詞,其單復數(shù)同形。
3、我想為我兒子買兩瓶牛奶。
[誤] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.
[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.
[析]表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時,常用“a / an或數(shù)詞+表量的可數(shù)名詞+ of +不可數(shù)名詞”這一結構,其中當數(shù)詞大于1時,表量的可數(shù)名詞要用其復數(shù)形式。
[第二類]動詞類
4、你妹妹通常什么時候去上學?
[誤] What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析]借助助動詞do(或does)構成疑問句或否定句時,句中的謂語動詞用其原形。
5、琳達晚上經常做作業(yè),但今晚她在看電視。
[誤] Linda often do her homework in the evening,but this evening she watching TV. [正] Linda often does her homework in the evening,but this evening she is watching TV.
[析]在初一英語學習階段,我們接觸到了兩種主要時態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時。一般現(xiàn)在時表示經常的或習慣性的動作,常和often,usually,sometimes等時間狀語連用。在一般現(xiàn)在時的句子中,若主語是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語動詞要用其第三人稱單數(shù)形式。現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行或發(fā)生的動作,現(xiàn)在進行時由be(am / is / are)+ ving形式構成。
6、這雙鞋是紅色的。
[誤] This pair of shoes are red.
[正] This pair of shoes is red.
[析]在shoes,trousers,gloves,glasses等表示成雙成對的衣物或工具名詞前用pair(表計量)修飾時,謂語動詞的形式由pair的單復數(shù)形式來決定。
[第三類]代詞類
7、這張票是她的,不是我的。
[誤] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.
[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.
[析]物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分。形容詞性物主代詞之后一定要接名詞,而名詞性物主代詞之后不需接任何詞。
8、吳老師教我們英語。
[誤] Miss Wu teaches our English. [正] Miss Wu teaches us English.
[析] teach sb. sth.中的sb.作teach的賓語,因此當sb.為人稱代詞時要用其賓格形式。
[第四類]介詞類
9、你能找到這個問題的答案嗎?
[誤] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析]英語中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。類似結構還有the key to the door,the way to the zoo等。
10、格林先生星期六上午來這里。
[誤] Mr Green will come here in Sunday evening.
[正] Mr Green will come here on Sunday evening.
[析]表示在上午、下午等時,介詞要用in;而表示在具體的某天上午、下午時,介詞要用on.
11、那個穿著紅裙子的小女孩是我們老師的女兒。
[誤] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[析]用介詞表示“穿戴衣物”時,只能用in,其他介詞沒有此用法。
[第五類]副詞類
12、莉莉,你為什么不回家呢?
[誤] Lily,why don’t you go to home?[正] Lily,why don’t you go home?
[析] come,go等后接here,there,home等地點副詞時,地點副詞前不加to。
[第六類]連詞類
13、我喜歡語文和英語,但我不喜歡體育和歷史。
[誤] I like Chinese and English,but I don’t like P.E.and history.
[正] I like Chinese and English,but I don’t like P.E.or history.
[析]在肯定句中并列成分之間用and來連接;而在否定句中,并列成分之間的連接需用or。
[第七類]冠詞類
14、乘飛機去北京花了史密斯一家人一個小時。
[誤] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.
[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.
[析]
1、表示“……一家人”用結構“the +姓氏復數(shù)”;
2、our一詞的第一個字母不發(fā)音,它是以元音音素開頭的,所以“一小時”要用an hour;
3、用介詞by表示“乘坐”某種交通工具時,交通工具名詞前不加任何冠詞。
[第八類]句法類
15、――你不是學生嗎?――不,我是學生。
[誤] ――Aren’t you a student?――No,I am.
[正] ――Aren’t you a student?――Yes,I am.
[析]對否定疑問句的回答是用Yes還是用No,這取決于實際情況:如果事實是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事實是否定的,就用No表“是的”。
小學五年級英語短語
1.read books讀書
2.visit China參觀中國
3.Japanese visitors日本參觀者
4.come to my birthday party 來參加我的生日聚會
5.a VCD of Japanese cartoons一張日本卡通光盤
6.have a birthday party舉辦生日聚會
7.open the door開門
8.make a birthday card做一張生日賀卡
9.take off脫下
10.Sports Day運動日
11.at weekends在周末
12.watch cartoons看動畫片
13.visit the zoo參觀動物園
14.play volleyball打排球
15.clean the house打掃房子
16.visit Liu Tao’s grandparents拜訪劉濤的祖父母
17.a new student in Ben’s class本班上的一位新學生
18.as a birthday present作為生日禮物
19.birthday cake生日蛋糕
20.your birthday你的生日
21.blow out吹滅
22.after school放學以后
23.the third of March三月三日
24.camping trip野營旅行
25.go home together一起回家
26.look around四周看
27.pick up撿起
28.take a walk散步
29.a ten-yuan note一張十元的鈔票
30.make noise發(fā)出噪音
31.talk about談論有關……
32.at a camp在一個營地上
33.cook a lot of food做許多食物
34.have a big lunch吃一頓豐盛的午餐
35.at Spring Festival在春節(jié)
36.go to parties去參加聚會
37.at Christmas在圣誕節(jié)
38.on New Year's Day在元旦
39.come after在……之后到來
40.New Year's Day元旦
41.have a good time玩得很高興
42.go camping去野營
43.play a lot of games玩許多游戲
44.this afternoon今天下午
45.go to Beijing去北京
46.play with balloons玩氣球
47.sing and dance唱歌跳舞
48.play with friends和朋友玩
49.watch the dragon boat races觀看龍舟比賽
50.visit a farm with my parents和我的父母親一起參觀農場
五年級英語試題含答案
一、找出部分與其他三個不同的.詞(5分)
( )1.A.this B. that C. those D. think
( )2.A.teacher B. river C. her D. dinner
( )3.A.car B. short C. fork D. horse
( )4.A.how B. window C. yellow D. snow
( )5.A.clock B. come C. class D. clean
二、將漢語與其相應的英文釋義連線。(10分)
A: B:
curtain 垃圾箱 cook the meals 澆花
trash bin 窗簾 water the flowers 掃地
closet 衣櫥 sweep the floor 打掃臥室
mirror 床頭柜 clean the bedroom 洗碗碟
end table 鏡子 do the dishes 做飯
三、從右欄中找出與左欄內容一致的句子。(5分)
( )1. Is she quiet? A. I do my homework.
( )2. What day is it today? B No, she is very active.
( )3. I dont like grapes. C. Its Tuesday.
( )4.Whos your English teacher? D. They are sour.
( )5.What do you on Sundays? E. Mr. Zhao.
四、選擇填空。(10分)
( )1.________ there a path here?
A. Be B. Is C. Are D. Am
( )2.Are there ________rivers in the country?
A. many B. some C. any D./
( ) 3.Are there any ________in the mountain?
A. panda B. pandas C. pandas D. pandas
( )4.This is a picture ________my family.
A. of B. at C. in D. on
( )5.There ________a pencil and two pens in my pencils -case.
A. is B. be C. are D. am
( )6.Is this ________ bedroom?
A. you B. her C. yours D. me
( )7--Can you make the bed? --Sorry, I________.
A. Can B. cant C. am D. dont
( )8.Please tell me ________your school.
A. with B. of C. about D. /
( )9.--What do you ________for lunch today?
--I have fish and cabbages.
A. do B. does C. have D. has
( )10.I don’t like grapes. They re________.
A. sour B. tasty C. sweet D. nice
五、根據(jù)漢語,完成句子。(10分)
1.我們在周五上英語、數(shù)學。
We________ English, Math on________.
2.他們在周六通常看電視。
They often ________TV________ Saturdays.
3.午飯想吃點什么?我想吃茄子和土豆。
What would you ________for_______? Id like some ________and _______.
4.在家里吉姆能做飯了。
Jim_________ __________the meals at home.
六、連詞組句。(10分)
1.you, can, use, computer, a?
__________________________________________________
2.and, Come, look, my, curtains, at, new.
__________________________________________________
3.there, a, forest, is, my, in, village.
__________________________________________________
4.near, its, door, the.
__________________________________________________
5.set, you, can, table, the?
__________________________________________________
七、閱讀下面短文,并根據(jù)短文內容填空。(10分)
We have a new flat. There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom, and a living room. In my own room, there is a mirror, a bed and a big closet. There is a beautiful curtain and two end tables in my parents bedroom. I love my new flat very much.
1.There are two __________, a _________, a __________and a __________in our new flat.
2.There is a __________,a __________and a __________in my own room.
3.There is a __________and two __________tables in my parents bedroom.
參考答案:
一、DCAAB
二、略
三、1.B 2.C 3.D 4.E 5.A
四、BCBAA BBCCA
五、1. have, Friday 2.watch, on 3.like, lunch, eggplant, potatoes 4.can cook
六、1. Can you use a computer?
2. Come and look at my new curtains.
3. There is a forest in my village.
4. It’s near the door.
5. Can you set the table?
七、1.bedrooms, kitchen, bathroom, living room 2.mirror, bed, closet 3.curtain, end