2020高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)
讀書和學(xué)習(xí)是在別人思想和知識(shí)的幫助下，建立起自己的思想和知識(shí)。下面給大家?guī)?lái)一些關(guān)于高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)1
疑問(wèn)代詞概說(shuō)
"疑問(wèn)代詞有who(誰(shuí)，主格)，whom(誰(shuí)，賓格)，whose(誰(shuí)的，所有格)，what(什么)和which(哪個(gè)，哪些)等。
疑問(wèn)代詞用于特殊疑問(wèn)句中
疑問(wèn)代詞一般都放在句首，并在句中作為某一句子成分。如：
Who is going to speak to us tomorrow?明天誰(shuí)來(lái)跟我們講話?(who作主語(yǔ))
Who told you so?是誰(shuí)告訴你的?(who作主語(yǔ))
Whom are you talking about ?你們?cè)谡f(shuō)誰(shuí)?(whom作賓語(yǔ)，但在句首時(shí)口語(yǔ)常用who代替whom)
Whose umbrella is this ?這是誰(shuí)的傘?(whose作定語(yǔ))
What is that? 那是什么?(what作表語(yǔ))
What did he say?他說(shuō)什么?(what作賓語(yǔ))
Which is yours，the blue pen or the redone?藍(lán)筆和紅筆哪一支是你的?(which作主語(yǔ))
[注一]關(guān)于疑問(wèn)代詞的各種用法，可參看77.70-77.72。
[注二]疑問(wèn)代詞who，what，which等后面加單詞ever，可強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)氣，表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的各種感情。如：
What ever do you want?你到底想要什么?
Who ever is she looking for ?她究竟是在找誰(shuí)?
[注三]which表示在一定范圍之內(nèi)的選擇，what則沒(méi)有這種限制。如：
What do you usually have for lunch?你們午飯通常吃些什么?
Which do you like best?你最喜歡哪一個(gè)?
Which of you comrades come from the Northeast? 你們同志們中間誰(shuí)是東北人?
疑問(wèn)代詞可以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)間接疑問(wèn)句
間接疑問(wèn)句在句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。疑問(wèn)代詞本身在間接疑問(wèn)句中又擔(dān)任一定的句子成分。如：
Who will be in charge of the work is still not decided.誰(shuí)將負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)工作，現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有決定。(疑問(wèn)代詞who引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，它本身又在從句中用作主語(yǔ)。)
Do you know what his name is?你知道他叫什么名字嗎?(疑問(wèn)代詞what引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，而它本身又在從句中用作表語(yǔ)。)
[注一] what所引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句(即主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句) 有時(shí)不是間接疑問(wèn)句。如：
What he says is quite true.他所講的話很對(duì)。(what相當(dāng)于that which。它引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，這個(gè)從句不是間接疑問(wèn)句。)
Children do what the nurse tells them to do.保育員讓孩子干什么他們就做什么。(what引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，這個(gè)從句也不是間接疑問(wèn)句。)
[注二] whatever，whoever，whichever等詞可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。這些名詞性從句也不是間接疑問(wèn)句。whatever，whoever，whichever也可引導(dǎo)表示讓步的狀語(yǔ)從句。見(jiàn)15.65和15.72)如：
They eat whatever they can find.他們找到什么就吃什么。(whatever引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。)
I've got plenty of books 1eft.Whoever wants an extra copy can get one from me.我還剩下許多書，誰(shuí)還想再要一本可來(lái)拿。(whoever引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)。)
高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)2
不定代詞的用法
不定代詞大都可代替名詞和形容詞，在句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。如：
1.用作主語(yǔ)
Both of them are waiters.他們倆人都是男侍者。
Is everybody here?人都到了嗎?
2.用作賓語(yǔ)
I know little about the novel關(guān)于這本小說(shuō)我知道的很少。
I am speaking for myself，not for others.我只代表自己，不代表別人發(fā)言。
I was interested in everything that the old man told me.我對(duì)于這位老人告訴我的一切都感興趣。
3.用作表語(yǔ)
That's all for today. class is dismissed.今天就講這一些?，F(xiàn)在下課。
This book is too much for me.這本書對(duì)我說(shuō)太難了。
4.用作定語(yǔ)
Study well and make progress every day.好好學(xué)習(xí)，天天向上。
He has some English books.他有一些英文書。
china will become a powerful modern country in another twenty years.再過(guò)二十年中國(guó)將成為現(xiàn)代化強(qiáng)國(guó)。
[注]有些不定代詞也可用作同位語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。如：
Wang and Li both made good progress.王和李兩人都有很大進(jìn)步。
They all went to the Zoo.他們都去動(dòng)物園了。
Are you any good at mathematics?你數(shù)學(xué)好嗎?
The meeting lasted some two hours.會(huì)議進(jìn)行了兩個(gè)小時(shí)左右。
高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)3
(1)—How about coming to my house?
—I’d love to if it doesn’t give you so much trouble.
在hope, like, love, promise, want, wish等詞后作賓語(yǔ)的不定式常省略。再如：
You may go if you want to.
She can get a job if she hopes to.
—How about going hunting with me tomorrow?
—I’d like to, but I have no time.
(2)Don’t close the window until I ask you to.
在allow, ask, tell 等詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式常省略。再如：
Don’t touch the light unless your mother allows you to.
Don’t plant potatoes until the peasant tells you to.
(3)He didn’t want to hand in his composition, but he had to.
在be able to, be going to, have to, need to, enough to, used to等后的不定式需省略。再如：
I don’t sing much, now, but I used to a lot.
If you don’t want to say anything at the meeting, you don’t need to.
She didn’t go out last night, because she was afraid to.
在afraid, glad, happy, pleased, sorry等詞后作狀語(yǔ)的不定式常省略。再如：—Will you go with me to see the film tonight?
—I’ll be glad to
高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)4
pleasant, pleasing, pleased
(1) pleasant 可作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。修飾事物，不能修飾人。因此句子的主語(yǔ)只能是表示事物的詞語(yǔ)，而不能是人。意思是“令人愉快的，令人高興的”。
I hope you'll have a pleasant holiday.
我希望你能過(guò)一個(gè)愉快的假期。
(2) pleasing “令人高興的，令人愉快的”，表示寧?kù)o、滿意、令人滿足之意。側(cè)重于表示接受對(duì)象的情感，傳遞主觀感受。比 pleasant 稍弱。主語(yǔ)可為人或事物。
An actor should have a pleasing personality.
表演者應(yīng)當(dāng)具有一種令人愉快的個(gè)性。
(3) pleased “高興的，感到滿意的”含義與glad基本相同。作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)只能是“人”，而不能是表示事物的詞語(yǔ)。be pleased with 表示“對(duì)……表示滿 意”之意。
She had a pleased look on his face.
她臉上露出了滿意的表情。
burn down, burn up, burn out
bum down 指“燒為平地，燒毀”;也指“火力減弱”。
The house was burnt down in an hour.
房子一小時(shí)被燒為平地。
bum up 有“燒旺”之意，也可指“消耗掉”。
You'd better put more wood on the fire to make it burn up.
你往火上添著柴，讓它燒旺。
bum out 指“火熄滅”。
The fire had burnt out before I returned.
在我回來(lái)前，火已經(jīng)熄滅了。
elect, select, choose
elect 只能用于選舉人，是投票選舉的正式用語(yǔ)。
They elected Nixon President. 他們選尼克松為總統(tǒng)。
choose 可用于挑選人或物。
It's hard for me to choose one from so many pairs of shoes.
要從這么多雙鞋子當(dāng)中挑選一雙對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)真是太難了。
select 意為精心挑選，多用于物。
She selected a pair of socks to match her suit.
他精心挑選了一雙襪子來(lái)與衣服搭配。
be known for, be known as, be known to
be known for 以……出了名 (通常不是指同位的關(guān)系)
be known as 作為……出了名 (通常加上職業(yè)名詞，表同位關(guān)系)
be known to為……所知
Japan is known for its cars.
日本以它的汽車而聞名。
Luxun is known as a writer.
魯迅作為作家很出名。
As is known to all, China has four famous invitations.
眾所周知，中國(guó)有四大的發(fā)明。
observe, watch
當(dāng)“觀察”來(lái)講時(shí)，observe相當(dāng)于watch carefully，尤其用于實(shí)驗(yàn)或研究等場(chǎng)合。具體來(lái)說(shuō)，observe含有“察覺(jué)到”的意思，watch意為“盯著看”。
watch還含有“觀看(比賽、電視)”等，而observe沒(méi)有此意。另外，watch還有“照料”之意，相當(dāng)于take care of。還有“當(dāng)心”之意，相當(dāng)于be careful with。
She has observed the stars all her life.
她一生都在觀察星星。
I'll watch the baby while you are away.
你不在時(shí)，由我照料你女兒。
You'd better watch Mr Smith, I think he is a thief.
你當(dāng)心史密斯先生，我想他是個(gè)賊。
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