2020高考英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)
說(shuō)到高中英語(yǔ)，很多同學(xué)對(duì)英語(yǔ)作文非?？鄲馈Ｔ趺磳?xiě)好英語(yǔ)作文呢?寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)作文一定要有技巧，小編建議同學(xué)們?cè)诳吹筋}目后首先做好審題，接著在心里打草稿，包括寫(xiě)幾段，每段寫(xiě)什么，文章中可能會(huì)用到的關(guān)鍵詞，這些在正式寫(xiě)作文前心里都要有個(gè)譜;打好草稿后，開(kāi)始正式寫(xiě)文，更后再留點(diǎn)時(shí)間檢查。接下來(lái)是小編為大家整理的2020高考英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)，希望大家喜歡!
2020高考英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)一
英文書(shū)信一般由六部分組成。即：信頭(Heading)、信內(nèi)地址(Inside Address)，稱(chēng)呼(Salutation)，正文(Body of Letter)、結(jié)束語(yǔ)(Complimentary Close)、署名(Signature)，有時(shí)在書(shū)信后面還有附言(Postscript)、附件(Enclosure)，這得視具體情況而定。
一般分為商業(yè)信函(Business Letters)和私人書(shū)信(Personal Letters)兩種，而高考書(shū)面表達(dá)一般都是要求寫(xiě)私人書(shū)信。具體如下：
1.信頭：寄信人的地址和寫(xiě)信日期，寫(xiě)在信的右上角。注意英語(yǔ)中地名的寫(xiě)法與中文不同，要從小到大;日期的寫(xiě)法也與中文不同，不是寫(xiě)在簽名之下，而是寫(xiě)在寄信人的地址之下。習(xí)慣上人們采用美式英語(yǔ)表達(dá)，即月、日、年，月，日與年之間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，月份盡量不要縮寫(xiě)，如June 8,2009;而英式英語(yǔ)表達(dá)則為日、月、年，中間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，如8 June 2009。
2.稱(chēng)呼：自成一行，頂格寫(xiě)。稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ)常用：Dear Sir/Madam/Manager/Editor/friends/Bob，稱(chēng)呼之后一般用逗號(hào)。
3.正文：信件的.主體部分即為信的正文。正文寫(xiě)在稱(chēng)呼的下一行，與Dear后第一個(gè)單詞對(duì)齊。正文通常包括三部分，即開(kāi)頭、目的和結(jié)尾。正文的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)常用：Thank you for your last letter asking about...;I’m glad to...。正文的結(jié)尾語(yǔ)是正文的一部分，常常另起一行，常用的結(jié)尾語(yǔ)有：I’m looking forward to your reply;Thanks and all the best;Best wishes;Wishing you a pleasant journey。
4.結(jié)束語(yǔ)：結(jié)束語(yǔ)與正文的結(jié)尾語(yǔ)不一樣，它要寫(xiě)在結(jié)尾語(yǔ)的下一行，位于書(shū)信的右下角，后面用逗號(hào)。常用的結(jié)束語(yǔ)有Yours sincerely, Yours, Sincerely yours, Yours truly等;
5.簽名：簽名寫(xiě)在結(jié)束語(yǔ)的下一行，與結(jié)束語(yǔ)對(duì)齊，也就是簽上寫(xiě)信人的名字。
一封正規(guī)的私人書(shū)信格式如下：
Dear David，
I’ve learned it from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese friend so as to learn the Chinese language and culture.
_________________________________________________________________
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
值得注意的是近些年來(lái)，高考增加了一種較為靈活的書(shū)信寫(xiě)作形式，即：寫(xiě)回信。這類(lèi)題型中，書(shū)信正文的開(kāi)頭除簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)候(How are you?/ How’s everything going?)外，應(yīng)該總結(jié)一下上封來(lái)信中提出的問(wèn)題、需求等，使讀者更清楚地了解這封回信的意圖。
【試題內(nèi)容】
假定你是來(lái)自英國(guó)的旅游者約翰.史密斯， 現(xiàn)用英語(yǔ)給十中的校長(zhǎng)寫(xiě)一封感謝信， 內(nèi)容如下：
1.昨天你在公園游覽時(shí)丟失錢(qián)包，里面有很多錢(qián)，還有護(hù)照和機(jī)票。
2.當(dāng)晚有一個(gè)男孩找到你的房間，送還拾到的錢(qián)包。你想給錢(qián)他作為感謝，被他拒絕。
3.你從賓館經(jīng)理那里獲悉，他是十中的學(xué)生，名叫李華。
注：字?jǐn)?shù)：100 左右。
【參考范文】
Dear sir,
I am a tourist from the UK. Yesterday I visited the park and had a wonderful time there. But when I returned to the hotel, I found my wallet missing. There was a lot of money in it, and above all, there were also my passport and flight ticket. Naturally I was very worried. In the evening , the hotel manager brought a boy to my room. The boy handed me my wallet. I thanked him and offered him some money. But he politely refused. Form the manager, I learned he is a schoolboy of your school and his name is LiHua.
Yours,
John Smith
2020高考英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)二
一.開(kāi)頭句型
1.As far as ...is concerned
2.It goes without saying that...
3.It can be said with certainty that...
4.As the proverb says，
5.It has to be noticed that...
6.It`s generally recognized that...
7.It`s likely that ...
8.It`s hardly that...
9.It’s hardly too much to say that...
10.What calls for special attention is that...需要特別注意的是
11.There’s no denying the fact that...毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，無(wú)可否認(rèn)
12.Nothing is more important than the fact that...
13.what’s far more important is that...
二.銜接句型
A case in point is ...
As is often the case...
As stated in the previous paragraph如前段所述
But the problem is not so simple. Therefore然而問(wèn)題并非如此簡(jiǎn)單，所以……
But it’s a pity that...
For all that...In spite of the fact that...
Further, we hold opinion that...
However , the difficulty lies in...
Similarly, we should pay attention to...
not(that)...but(that)...不是，而是
In view of the present station.鑒于目前形勢(shì)
As has been mentioned above...
In this respect, we may as well (say)從這個(gè)角度上我們可以說(shuō)
However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is...然而我們還得看到事物的另一方面，即…
摘要：2011高考英語(yǔ)作文提高15分的8個(gè)實(shí)用句型……
三.結(jié)尾句型
I will conclude by saying...
Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...
All things considered,總而言之
It may be safely said that...
Therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable...
From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….
The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….
It can be concluded from the discussion that...從中我們可以得出這樣的結(jié)論
From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看來(lái)……也許更好
四.舉例句型
Let’s take...to illustrate this.試舉例以茲證明
let’s take the above chart as an example to
illustrate this.
Here is one more example.
Take … for example.
The same is true of….
This offers a typical instance of….
We may quote a common example of….
Just think of….
五.常用于引言段的句型
1. Some people think that …. To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below.
2. For years, … has been seen as …, but things are quite different now.
3. I believe the title statement is valid because….
4. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that …. I believe….
5. My argument for this view goes as follows.
6. Along with the development of…, more and more….
7. There is a long-running debate as to whether….
8. It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….
9. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.
10. Before giving my opinion, I think it is essential to look at the argument of both sides.
六 表示比較和對(duì)比的常用句型和表達(dá)法
1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from B.
2. A and B are different in some/every way / respect / aspect.
3. A and B differ in….
4. A differs from B in….
5. The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in….
6. Compared with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B….
7. A…, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B….
8. While it is generally believed that A …, I believe B….
9. Despite their similarities, A and B are also different.
10. Both A and B …. However, A…; on the other hand, B….
11. The most striking difference is that A…, while B….
七 演繹法常用的句型
1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.
2. There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.
3. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.
4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
5. The reasons are as follows.
八 因果推理法常用句型
1. Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot.
2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot.
3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, we’ve learned a lot.
4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, we’ve learned a lot.
5. The cause of/reason for/overweight is eating too much.
6. Overweight is caused by/due to/because of eating too much.
7. The effect/consequence/result of eating too much is overweight.
8. Eating too much causes/results in/leads to overweight.
2020高考英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)三
1)對(duì)立法：先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,適用于有爭(zhēng)議性的主題.
[1] When asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that …. But I think/view a bit differently.
[2] When it comes to ...., some people believe that…. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.
[3] Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that..... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....
2)現(xiàn)象法：引出要剖析的現(xiàn)象或者問(wèn)題,然后評(píng)論.
[1] Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.
[2] Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus/into public attention.
[3] Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
3)觀(guān)點(diǎn)法：開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山,直接了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢鲎约簩?duì)要討論的問(wèn)題的看法.
[1] Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...
[2] Now there is a(n) growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to....
[3] Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ....
[4] Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that....
4)引用法：先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法,來(lái)引出文章要展開(kāi)論述的觀(guān)點(diǎn)!
[1] "Knowledge is power." This is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.
[2] "Education is not complete with graduation." This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.
[3] "...." We often hear statements/words like those/this.
[4] We often hear such traditional complains as this "....".
5)比較法：通過(guò)對(duì)過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在兩種不同的傾向、觀(guān)點(diǎn)的比較,引出文章要討論的觀(guān)點(diǎn).
[1] For years, ...had been viewed as .... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ..., people ....
[2] People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new idea.
6)故事法：先講一個(gè)較短的故事來(lái)引發(fā)讀者的興趣,引出文章的主題.少用!
[1] Once in (a newspaper), I read of/learnt..... The phenomenon of ... has aroused public concern.
[2] I have a friend who ... Should he ....? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.
[3]Once upon a time, there lived a man who .... This story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.
一般來(lái)講考官們看文章也必然要通過(guò)這些關(guān)鍵性的“標(biāo)簽”來(lái)判定你的文章是否結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，條理自然。破解方法很簡(jiǎn)單，只要把下面任何一組的詞匯加入到你的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)前就清楚了。
1)first,second,third……首先，第二，第三…..
2)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally首先，第二，第三，最后
3)to begin wITh,then,further more,finally首先，然后，其次，最后
4)tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally首先，然后，其次，最后
5)firs to fall,besides,last but not least首先，其次，最后
6)most important of all,more over,finally最重要的，其次，最后
7)on the one hand,on the other hand(適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況)一方面，另一方面
8)for one thing,for an other(適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況)一方面，另一方面
短語(yǔ)優(yōu)先原則
寫(xiě)作時(shí)，尤其是在考試時(shí)，如果使用短語(yǔ)，有兩個(gè)好處：
其一、用短語(yǔ)會(huì)使文章增加亮點(diǎn)，如果老師們看到你的文章太簡(jiǎn)單,必然會(huì)看你低一等。相反，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)亮點(diǎn)—精彩的短語(yǔ)，那么你的文章定會(huì)得高分了。
其二、湊字?jǐn)?shù)，用短語(yǔ)是一個(gè)辦法!
比如：I can not bear it.我無(wú)法忍受它了?？梢杂枚陶Z(yǔ)表達(dá)：Ican not put up with it.我無(wú)法忍受它了。I want it.我想要它。
可以用短語(yǔ)表達(dá)：I am looking forward to it.我想要它。
It’s important.這個(gè)很重要。
可以用短語(yǔ)表達(dá):It’s of great importance.這個(gè)很重要。
過(guò)渡語(yǔ)原則
并列用語(yǔ)：
aswellas也
not only…but (also)不僅……還
including,包括
對(duì)比用語(yǔ)：
on one hand一方面
on the other hand另一方面
on the contrary相反的
though盡管
for one thing一方面
for another另一方面
never theles然而
在英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)時(shí)，每次寫(xiě)作前問(wèn)自己四個(gè)問(wèn)題：這篇文章的體裁格式是怎樣的?主體時(shí)態(tài)用什么時(shí)態(tài)?人稱(chēng)用第幾人稱(chēng)?可以分幾段，之間用什么過(guò)渡詞、連接詞?帶著這四個(gè)問(wèn)題去審題，搞清楚文章的主要內(nèi)容，然后列出提綱。最后利用自己有把握的英語(yǔ)句子豐富自己的提綱就可以了。
(1)條理性。指的是合理布局文章結(jié)構(gòu)。首先，在文章思路、組織材料、敘述順序等方面要有一定的條理性。其次，根據(jù)需要，安排好段落，各段之間要層次分明，也要重視每一段的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾，開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)往往是總起句，結(jié)尾語(yǔ)往往是總結(jié)句。
(2)準(zhǔn)確性。指要求寫(xiě)出語(yǔ)法正確的句子，包括時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、用詞和句法等，要準(zhǔn)確、地道地表達(dá)。必須要牢牢掌握一些常用句型或習(xí)慣表達(dá)，避免中式英語(yǔ)，在實(shí)踐中不斷總結(jié)中英用法的差異，養(yǎng)成用英語(yǔ)思維寫(xiě)作的習(xí)慣。高考英語(yǔ)作文素材。
(3)流暢性。指根據(jù)整篇文章思想的需要，有效采用不同的連接手段，清晰段落，使文章層次清楚、行文連貫。
(4)簡(jiǎn)潔多樣性。簡(jiǎn)潔性就是語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔，不重復(fù)。多樣性就是能隨情景內(nèi)容的變化寫(xiě)出句式多樣的語(yǔ)句。這也是新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)寫(xiě)作的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
(5)思想性。新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)寫(xiě)作的.要求，增加了情感因素，在準(zhǔn)確流暢表達(dá)寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)的同時(shí)，適當(dāng)增加句子的感情色彩，增加一些人情味，使文章讀起來(lái)更親切，完全達(dá)到與讀者進(jìn)行交流的目的。
(6)美觀(guān)性。指的是卷面書(shū)寫(xiě)規(guī)范、清楚、干凈、整潔。在高考書(shū)面表達(dá)中，書(shū)面整潔是也是一個(gè)主觀(guān)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，所以在高考中保持書(shū)面整潔是必要的。
總結(jié)：那么在高考作文中，除了自己的一些英語(yǔ)知識(shí)的鞏固還需要的是自己的情緒和思維。寫(xiě)作期間保持穩(wěn)定的情緒，按照自己的思維完成寫(xiě)作，從總結(jié)文章中—布置文章結(jié)構(gòu)—使用表達(dá)的語(yǔ)句—下筆連貫。最后當(dāng)然是要檢查是否出現(xiàn)拼錯(cuò)字，句子語(yǔ)法有誤等。
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2020高考英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)
