高三英語(yǔ)備考知識(shí)點(diǎn)
我們每個(gè)人都能創(chuàng)造奇跡，關(guān)鍵是我們想要的到底是什么，以及為了這個(gè)想要的，愿意付出多大的代價(jià)。如果為了你想要的那個(gè)東西你愿意付出一切的代價(jià)，那么你將創(chuàng)造下一個(gè)奇跡。學(xué)習(xí)也是一樣需要付出的!以下是小編給大家整理的高三英語(yǔ)備考知識(shí)點(diǎn)，希望能幫助到你!
高三英語(yǔ)備考知識(shí)點(diǎn)1
look up the dictionary
漢語(yǔ)中的“查字典”，說(shuō)成英語(yǔ)通常是 look up sth in a dictionary 或 consult [refer to] a dictionary。如：
I refer to the dictionary frequently. 我經(jīng)常查閱詞典。
You can look the word up in the dictionary. 你可以在詞典里查這個(gè)詞。
He often consulted a dictionary when he read the book. 他讀這本書(shū)時(shí)經(jīng)常查字典。
I looked the word up in the dictionary to refresh my memory of its exact meaning. 我查了詞典，以便弄清這個(gè)詞的準(zhǔn)確意思。
I often look up the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the Internet. 我經(jīng)常在字典里或網(wǎng)上查找我不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞。
“Is that the correct spelling?” “I don’t know—look it up in a dictionary.” “那是正確的拼寫(xiě)嗎?”“我不知道——查查詞典吧。”
I didn’t know what “l(fā)oquacious” meant and had to look it up in a dictionary. 我不知道loquacious這個(gè)是什么意思，所以只好查了詞典。
有不少人認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣上不能直接說(shuō) look up the dictionary, 其實(shí)這種表達(dá)在英語(yǔ)中也可以用，只是比較少見(jiàn)而已。例如：
I spend more time looking up the dictionary than reading the book. 我讀這本書(shū)時(shí)查字典的時(shí)間還多些?！?L. G. Alexander 編《新概念英語(yǔ)》(外研社)
Look up the dictionary and explain the meaning of the italicized words. 查字典然后解釋斜體詞的意思。——摘自張漢熙編《高級(jí)英語(yǔ)》(商務(wù)印書(shū)館)
高三英語(yǔ)備考知識(shí)點(diǎn)2
虛擬語(yǔ)氣在一些特殊詞中的使用或含蓄條件句
1.wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句。
與現(xiàn)在愿望不一致，用主語(yǔ)十過(guò)去時(shí)，例如：
I wi。hIwere you.
與過(guò)去愿望不一致，用主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞，例如：Iwish I had visited the White House whenI was in the States與將來(lái)愿望不一致，用主語(yǔ)+would (could)+原形。
2.It's time句型：當(dāng)lt's tine后用that從句時(shí)應(yīng)該為主i吾+should+動(dòng)詞原形或主語(yǔ)十過(guò)去時(shí)，例如：It，s time thatyou went to school.或It's time that you should go to schooL
3- If only引起的感嘆句相當(dāng)于“How I wish+賓語(yǔ)從句”。
(l)If only he could come.他要能來(lái)就好了。
(2)If only I had known the answer.我要早知道答案就好了。
4.WOuld rather，as if(though)引導(dǎo)的從句也需使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示過(guò)去的情況用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在與將來(lái)的情況用過(guò)去時(shí)，例如：
(l)I'd rather you posted the letter right away.
(2)She loves the children as if they were hers.
5.含蓄虛擬條件句含蓄條件句是指句中沒(méi)有明顯的虛擬條件句，而是利用其他手段來(lái)暗示存在虛擬條件。但是這類(lèi)隱含式虛擬條件句往往都可以轉(zhuǎn)化為if引導(dǎo)的條件句。常用來(lái)表示含蓄虛擬條件的手段有：
(1)介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)。如but for，but that，without,in case of, under more favorable condition等。
(2)連詞。如so that, unless, in case, supposing,lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in orderthat, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。
注意：lest, for fear that和in case引起的從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用should+動(dòng)詞原形，但也可以不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用動(dòng)詞的陳述語(yǔ)氣形式。例如：The foreign teacher spokeslowly in case we misunderstood him這位外籍教師說(shuō)得很慢以免我們誤解。
(3)通過(guò)上下文及內(nèi)在含義，句中往往有but,otherwise, unfortunately等類(lèi)似轉(zhuǎn)折詞。
without, but. but for, otherwise引起的短語(yǔ)或句子常暗含著含蓄條件。例如：
①Without you,1 would never know him
②But for your oooperation, we wouldn't have done it
③But that she was afraid, she would have said no. .
④i would be most glad to help you, butI am busy now.
⑤I would have come to the party yesterday, but ljwas working.
⑥I am busy now, otherwise l would do you the favor!
高三英語(yǔ)備考知識(shí)點(diǎn)3
一、就近一致原則
1.由or，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...，not...but...等連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常根據(jù)就近一致原則，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與離它最近的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致。
Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.
2.here/there引導(dǎo)一個(gè)句子而主語(yǔ)又不止一個(gè)時(shí)，通常根據(jù)就近原則，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與離它最近的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致。
Here is a ruler，a few pencils and two copybooks.
二、意義一致原則
1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用單數(shù)的情況
(1)表示學(xué)科的名詞以及works(工廠)，news(消息)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，雖然本身為復(fù)數(shù)形式，但表示單數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。
Politics is his favorite subject.
(2)表示某些組織機(jī)構(gòu)的名詞、書(shū)/報(bào)名、國(guó)名、地名等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，雖然形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但所表示的意義是單數(shù)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Do you know when the United Nations was set up?
2.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)的情況
表示總稱(chēng)意義的名詞，如people，police，public，cattle等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The police are searching for the murderer.
3.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式依據(jù)主語(yǔ)表示的意義而定
(1)集體名詞，如family，class，group，team，club，company，government，population等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)其在語(yǔ)境中表示的意義而定。當(dāng)其表示集體意義，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);當(dāng)其表示集體中各個(gè)組成部分，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
As far as I know，his family is not very large but the family are all music lovers.
(2)“the+形容詞/分詞”表示“一類(lèi)人”時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The poor were looked down upon in the old days.
三、語(yǔ)法一致原則
1.由and連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)
(1)“a/the+名詞單數(shù)+and+名詞單數(shù)”表示一個(gè)人(雙重身份)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
The teacher and poet often gives lectures around the city.
(2)“a/the+名詞單數(shù)+and+a/the+名詞單數(shù)”表示兩個(gè)人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
The teacher and the poet have just arrived.
(3)“every+名詞單數(shù)+and+every+名詞單數(shù)”表示每一個(gè)人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in our country.
(4)通常由兩個(gè)部件組成的物品如：a knife and fork (一副刀叉)等作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Bread and butter is not to his taste.
2.表示時(shí)間、數(shù)量、長(zhǎng)度及價(jià)格的名詞，盡管有時(shí)是復(fù)數(shù)形式但常被看作是一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
Is fifty pounds enough?
3.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)of后的名詞的形式來(lái)定，如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;如果名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
Two-thirds of the books are about science.
Only 30% of the work was done yesterday.
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高三英語(yǔ)備考知識(shí)點(diǎn)
