高考英語完形填空的高分策略及解題方法
完形填空答題的好壞直接決定著英語成績的高低，所以我們平常必須重視完形填空的訓(xùn)練。下面小編為大家搜索整理了關(guān)于高考英語完形填空的高分策略及解題方法，歡迎參考學(xué)習(xí)，希望對(duì)大家備考有所幫助!
完形高分策略(Skills of Cloze Tests)
一、高考完形填空命題趨勢(shì)
選材特點(diǎn): 以記敘文為主, 多以記敘文和夾敘夾意為主
命題特點(diǎn): (1) 設(shè)空特點(diǎn): 名詞\ 動(dòng)詞(5-8個(gè))為主
(2) 考點(diǎn)層次分三部:
里邊層次：(語篇層次30%以上)體現(xiàn)了突出語篇的命題思路
句子層次：(占70%左右)
單詞層次：(只須讀懂單詞所在句子就能做,分?jǐn)?shù)較少)
(3)考查重點(diǎn): 短文第一句不設(shè)問.
高考完形填空題型特點(diǎn)
1. 以敘為主, 敘議結(jié)合; 2. 篇章短小, 意義完整;
3. 首句完整, 主題明確;
4. 結(jié)構(gòu)清晰, 層次分明;
5. 考查語境, 側(cè)重辨析;
6. 實(shí)詞為主, 虛詞為輔;
7. 邏輯推理, 隱于語篇;
8. 常識(shí)語法, 每年出現(xiàn)。
完型填空之能力訓(xùn)練目標(biāo)：
1.詞語辨析能力
2.語法結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力
3.語篇理解能力
4.邏輯推理能力
5.文化背景透析能力
6.作者意圖剖析能力
8.生活常識(shí)綜合運(yùn)用能力
二、考生易失分之處：
1、忽視行文邏輯，斷章取義，就題論題。
2、脫離語境，濫用固定搭配。
3、缺乏必要的生活常識(shí)和不了解中西文化的差異。
做題三忌：
v 急于求成，未通讀全文便忙于答題，不了解文意，無整體概念邊讀邊填，兩眼忙于空白與選項(xiàng)之間，欲速則不達(dá)。
v 只摳字眼，語法，不顧文意，抓不住關(guān)鍵。
v 斷章取義，就題論題，不管前后聯(lián)系，互不照應(yīng)，前后矛盾。
三、巧解完形填空——高分技巧
1、研究首尾——找主題
2、上下聯(lián)系——尋信息
3、左顧右盼——找搭配
4、思前想后——覓邏輯
5、語境分析——辨詞義
6、集中精力——破難題
7、回讀檢查——補(bǔ)漏洞
1、提高閱讀能力(速度、理解)
2、打好語法基礎(chǔ)(固定搭配)
3、擴(kuò)充詞匯量(動(dòng)詞、名詞)
4、增長生活常識(shí)，培養(yǎng)廣泛的興趣愛好
5、多做多練，以提高實(shí)戰(zhàn)能力
How to get high scores?
1. 正確的答題步驟2. 必要的答題技巧
3. 適量的實(shí)踐訓(xùn)練
九大方法巧解完形
一、利用首句來解題，根據(jù)全文來選擇
I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was 36 and when I was 14 he said, “You’re never going to be 37(anything) but a failure. ”
A. bright B. useless C. simple D. hopeful
二、根據(jù)上下文語境，合理推斷來解題
Our father was a struggling lawyer, but I always knew he was 37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best.
37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned
38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise
Practice：
His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight.
43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked
44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker
三、利用語篇標(biāo)志解題(三找)
常見的標(biāo)志性的詞語有以下幾種：結(jié)構(gòu)層次:firstly, secondly, thirdly;邏輯關(guān)系：thus, therefore, so;遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：besides, what’s more, further;轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but, while, however, on the other hand等。
She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n)41 vacation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed.
A. disappointing B. wonderful C. uncomfortable D. important
1、找邏輯關(guān)系題(轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、解釋、對(duì)立、因果、并列、總分、遞進(jìn))
2、找NOT題(在原文中找not)
句式結(jié)構(gòu)：前面肯定后面否定、前面否定后面肯定，則選對(duì)立關(guān)系的詞。
考點(diǎn)：(以下條件缺一不可)
①考查的是一個(gè)肯定句和否定句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，空前后必須是獨(dú)立的句子;
②出題位置在兩個(gè)句子之間或第二個(gè)句子的開頭，不能處在一個(gè)句子的末尾或中間;
③選項(xiàng)中必須要有對(duì)立關(guān)系的詞。
3、找AND題(在原文中找and)
考點(diǎn)：
①and前后選同義詞，詞性一致;
②and前后選同一范圍詞;
③and前后句子對(duì)應(yīng)成分相同;
④在文章中，并列關(guān)系詞前后如果出題，利用已知關(guān)系解題。
4、找同現(xiàn)復(fù)現(xiàn)原則
Liumei is among the __22__ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答應(yīng)給)Liu a full scholarship --- HK0,000. Not all students are sofortunate.
22. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent
Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. … Some of us like __2__ friends whileothers likedifferent friends. Personally I prefer both.
Having similarfriends has many advantages. …
2. A. true B. right C. same D. similar
四、根據(jù)邏輯推理解題
…and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange___quite pleasant taste.
A. besides B. but C. and D. or
五、根據(jù)常識(shí)和文化背景的角度來選擇
The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning)springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert.
A.dry B.distant C.deserted D.wild
六、從語法角度來解題
I went into a café and asked for a coffee . 21 I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed 22 (loneliness).
A.Before B.Since C.Although D.While
Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut?
23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared
解題思路：利用語法分析解題，選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞都是過去式，其后句賓語從句had kept是過去完成時(shí)，故判斷是虛擬。
七、從慣用法和固定搭配方面來解題
1) He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming__1_.So he shouldn’t have gone into that place.
1.A.after all B. in all C.at all D. for all
八、從詞語辨析的角度來解題
When, two weeks later, I 38 this same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society. I should 9(enjoy) this country as the son of a minister.
A. ran after B. ran into C. ran over D. ran to
九、同義近義復(fù)現(xiàn)來解題
I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous.One can ___7___ fromvarious sorts of friends in three aspects. First, frequent contacts withdifferentfriends broaden my world outlooks. Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a __8__ of friends keep you lively. … Secondly, I have found that different friends can not only lead to new adventures but also show me new avenues to success in life. …
7. A. obtain B. benefit C. suffer D. earn
8. A. range B. series C. quantity D. variety