高二英語下冊重要知識點(diǎn)
度過了貌似很輕松愉快的高一生活，我們昂首闊步來到了高二。對于數(shù)學(xué)一科，相當(dāng)多的同學(xué)覺得高一階段的知識非?？膳?，不夸張的說高一階段的知識比整個(gè)初中的知識總量還要多。如今到了高二，是不是知識更多更難了呢?下面是小編給大家?guī)淼?a href='http://www.rzpgrj.com/xuexiff/gaoeryingyu/' target='_blank'>高二英語下冊重要知識點(diǎn)，希望能幫助到你!
高二英語下冊重要知識點(diǎn)1
Ⅰ.Hot words and hot phrases常用詞與常用詞組
1.Medical studies show that AIDS virus cannot be transmitted via the following routes：cups，glasses，toilet seats，swimming pools，mosquitoes，other insects or blood donation.(P.49)
2.AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body's immune system and leaves a person defenceless against infections and illness.(P.51)
3.People get AIDS after having been infected with the HIV virus.(P.51)
4.People transmit HIV by having unprotected sex，by receiving infected blood transfusions or，as in Xiaohua's case，through birth.(P.51)
5.Xiaohua's mother contracted the HIV virus when she was 28，and she died of AIDS only three years after Xiaohua was born.(P.51)
6.The disease is spreading faster in Africa and parts of Asia，mainly because of a lack of proper health care，prevention and education.(P.51)
7.The drugs that are available are much too expensive and difficult to find.(P.51)
8....but she does not let that knowledge discourage her.(P.51)
9.She also goes to visit other AIDS patients in hospitals across the country to support them and cheer them up.(P.51)
10.The disease is not the only thing that AIDS patients have to suffer from.(P.52)
11....that can persuade hospitals and companies to allocate more funds for AIDS research and education.(P.52)
12.Xiaohua has learnt to live with HIV and the fact she will eventually get AIDS.(P.52)
13.Two years ago，Dr Richards had asked me a great many questions and had taken samples of my blood.(P.55)
14.Mum held my hand and I saw that she was weeping.(P.55)
15.Cancer is a disease that begins in cells.(P.55)
16.In my body，the production of cells is disrupted.(P.55)
17.Doctors do know that cancer is not caused by injury and is not contagious—it does not spread from one person to another.(P.55)
18.The cancer in my body has been defeated for the moment.(P.55)
19.Living with cancer has made me realize how precious life is and how important it is for us to take every chance to live life to the fullest.(P.55)
20.Every day is a new opportunity and I have learnt to appreciate every minute of each day.
Ⅱ.Language points and grammar focus語言點(diǎn)和語法重點(diǎn)
A.Language points語言點(diǎn)
1.HIV/AIDS is incurable...(P.49)
AIDS is a disease that...leaves a person defenceless against infections and illness.(P.51)
本單元中由前綴或后綴派生出的反義詞的小結(jié)
2.People get AIDS after having been infected with the HIV virus.(P.51)
完成時(shí)的動名詞的被動式的內(nèi)涵及用法
3.As with most diseases and disasters，the young suffer the most.
“定冠詞 + 形容詞/過去分詞”表示“一類人”的用法的小結(jié)
4.I had been feeling sick for a long time and my mum had taken me to hospital to have me examined.(P.55)
1)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的內(nèi)涵及用法
2)“to have + 賓語 + 過去分詞”的兩個(gè)內(nèi)涵及用法
5.The treatment was successful and I was able to go home after exactly fourteen months，two days and six hours in hospital.(P.55)
was/were able to do與could do在內(nèi)涵上的區(qū)別及各自的用法
6.I have been living with cancer for two years and...(P.55)
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的內(nèi)涵及用法
Ⅲ.Skills of the four essential abilities：listening，speaking，reading and writing聽、說、讀、寫四項(xiàng)基本能力的學(xué)習(xí)技巧
1.Listening：Master the main idea of a long dialogue through the inner connections among the questions so as to have better understanding of the questioned details
從各設(shè)問間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系把握較長對話的中心思想，更好理解各檢測點(diǎn)的細(xì)節(jié)
2.Speaking：Talk about deadly diseases and attitudes towards AIDS，cancer，etc.
關(guān)于那些致命疾病及對待艾滋病、癌癥等的態(tài)度的談?wù)?/p>
3.Reading：Make full use of informational words and phrases
充分利用信息詞
4.Writing：How to write a personal narrative
如何寫一篇個(gè)人經(jīng)歷過的敘述性故事
高二英語下冊重要知識點(diǎn)2
1.wish希望
wish to do sth.
wish sb. to do sth.
Wish that…
注意： 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，謂語動詞用虛擬形式， 可以表示對現(xiàn)在/當(dāng)時(shí);過去;未來的“希望”
eg. I wish that I were five years old.
I wish that I had studied hard before.
I wish that I could walk in space some day.
wish sb. sth.
Eg. I wish you good luck.
2. Which do you think is the most important?
Do you think 是插入語，不影響句子的整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)。Do you think 插入到疑問句中， 句子應(yīng)使用陳述句語序。
Eg. How much do you think I should pay for the book?
3. if so倘若是(那樣的話)……
eg. If so , I won’t ask you for help.
4.How do you improve society?
society“社會”，使用時(shí)不加冠詞。
Eg. The thief is dangerous to society.
5. It is likely that many of them will be born in …
likely 是形容詞， 與possible 意思相同， 但possible只可用于這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)：it is possible that…;likely還可：sb. be likely to do
eg. He is likely to win the game.
6. It is home to the Chinese Academy of Sciences and more than ten famous universities, including Peking University and Tsinghua University
include“包括”，指“部分包含”，劃線部分還可以：
Peking University and Tsinghua University included
contain意思是(全部)容納
Eg. I lost my wallet which contained 200 dollars, including two coins.
7. set up建立， 指“搭建并成立”
eg. We set up a new school and the students there were very happy.
put up單純指“搭建”
Eg. They put up a new house.
found “成立， 建立”，尤指“國家、組織等”的建立
Eg. The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.
8. in the late 1990’s在二十世紀(jì)90年代后期，在年代前的冠詞the不能省略。
9.They all share the spirit of…
spirit“精神，靈魂”是不可數(shù)名詞;
spirits“情緒”，固定要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Eg. The students are in high spirits.
10. …made Zhongguancun a success.
success“成功”，是一個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞
Eg. Failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母。
a success 意思是“一件成功的事/一個(gè)成功的人物”
succeed 是動詞
succeed in doing sth. 介詞in不可省略
11. …is one of those who have returned to China after studying and working abroad.
abroad 是副詞。副詞作定語需后置。
Eg. I have a lot of friends at home and abroad.我有很多國內(nèi)國外的朋友。
go abroad出國
12.…and work with some of the top scientists…
top scientists 優(yōu)秀、頂尖的科學(xué)家
top students 好學(xué)生，尖子生
13.come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)
eg. My dream came true.
come此處是系動詞。有些常作為行為動詞的詞也可作系動詞。
Eg. go hungry 挨餓
go bad 變質(zhì)
14.rely on =depend on 依賴，依靠
15. Not all the new companies can succeed.并非所有的公司都能成功。
All\both\everyone\everything用于否定結(jié)構(gòu)中表示部分否定。
Eg. Not everyone likes the film.并非每個(gè)人都喜歡這個(gè)電影。
16.We are not making that much money yet.
That此處相當(dāng)于so, 表程度。
17.aim at把目標(biāo)投在……
此處aim是動詞，aim也可作名詞.
18. prove“證明”，多作系動詞，不用被動
It proved (to be )correct.
高二英語下冊重要知識點(diǎn)3
一、不定式做主語：
1、不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動作。===動名詞doing 表示習(xí)慣的，經(jīng)常的動作。
e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.
To do such things is foolish.
To see is to believe. (對等)
注: 1). 不定式作主語時(shí),謂語用單數(shù)
2). 當(dāng)主語較長，謂語較短時(shí)，常用it做形式主語，而將不定式放到謂語的后面。
it做形式主語，不定式放在謂語動詞之后常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：
(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…
(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…
It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary
(3) it is +a +名詞+ to do...
It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do
It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…
It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…
_注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表語，但possible可以用不定式作真實(shí)主語， 而probable不能用不定式作真實(shí)主語。
It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(錯(cuò))
It is possible for him to come to the meeting.
It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.
二、不定式做表語
主語是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task 等為中心詞的名詞詞組 或以 what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句表示，后面的不定式說明其內(nèi)容, 不定式作表語常表示將來或現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。
eg :My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.
Your mistake was not to write that letter.
What I would suggest is to start work at once.
三、動詞不定式作賓語
以不定式結(jié)構(gòu)為賓語的動詞有：
ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等只能用動詞不定式作賓語
口訣(接不定式作賓語的動詞)
想要學(xué)習(xí) 早打算( want learn plan)
快準(zhǔn)備 有希望( prepare hope wish expect)
同意否 供選擇(agree offer choose)
決定了 已答應(yīng)(decide be determined promise)
盡力去 著手做(manage undertake)
別拒絕 別假裝(refuse pretend)
失敗不是屬于你(fail)
e.g.Tom refused to lend me his pen.
We hope to get there before dark.
The girl decided to do it herself.
_注意:某些及物動詞可用-ing也可用動詞不定式作賓語但意義不同的有
stop go on remember forget
regret try mean can’t help
be used to
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