九年級(jí)英語單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)
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九年級(jí)英語單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)
一、neither與nor的用法
1.如前句是否定式從句,則主句用neither,而不用nor.
If you don't do it,neither should I.如果你不干,我也不干。
2.如后連續(xù)有幾個(gè)否定句式,則用nor,不用neither.
He can't sing,nor dance,nor skate.
二、one/another/the other的用法
one...the other只有兩個(gè)
some...the others有三個(gè)以上
one...another,another...
some...others,others...
others = other people/things
the others = the rest剩余的全部
1.泛指另一個(gè)用another.
2.一定范圍內(nèi)兩人(物),一個(gè)用one,另一個(gè)用the other.
3.一定范圍內(nèi)三者,一個(gè)用one,另一個(gè)用one (another),第三個(gè)可用the other,a third.
4.一定范圍內(nèi),除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用the others.
5.泛指別的人或物時(shí),用others當(dāng)在一定范圍內(nèi),除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部時(shí),也用others.
三、anyone/any one;no one/none的用法
1.anyone和any one
anyone僅指人,any one既可指人,也可指物。
2.no one和none
none后跟of短語,既可指人又可指物,而no one只單獨(dú)使用,只指人。none作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單,復(fù)數(shù)均可,而no one作主語謂語動(dòng)詞只能是單數(shù)。
None of you could lift it.你們中沒有人可舉起它。
九年級(jí)英語期中知識(shí)點(diǎn)
介詞的固定搭配
介詞往往同其他詞類形成了固定搭配關(guān)系。記住這種固定搭配關(guān)系，才能正確使用介詞。
(1)介詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配
listen to , laugh at, get to, look for wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spend…on…， 等。
(2)介詞與名詞的搭配
on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。
(3)介詞與形容詞的搭配
be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。
短語動(dòng)詞的分類
(1)動(dòng)詞+介詞
常見的有l(wèi)ook for, look after, ask for, laugh at, hear of 等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的`賓語只能放在介詞后。如：
Don’t laugh at others.
Tom asked his parents for a bike.
(2)動(dòng)詞+副詞
常見的有g(shù)ive up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in,等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語如果是名詞，既可放在副詞前邊，又可放在副詞后邊;賓語如果是人稱代詞或反身代詞，則要放在副詞前邊。如：
You’ll hand in your homework tomorrow.
Please don’t forget to hand it in.
(3)動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞
常見的有 go on with, catch up with等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語只能放在介詞后邊。如：
Go on and I’ll catch up with you in five minutes.
After a short rest, he went on with his research work.
(4)動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞
常見的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語只能放在介詞后邊。如：
You should pay attention to your handwriting.
We should make full use of our time.
(5)動(dòng)詞+形容詞
常見的有l(wèi)eave open, set free, cut open等。這類短語動(dòng)詞的賓語如果是名詞，則賓語可放在形容詞的前邊，也可放在后邊;賓語如果是人稱代詞或反身代詞，則必須放在形容詞前邊。如：
The prisoners were set free.
He cut it open.
(6)動(dòng)詞+名詞
常見的有take place, make friends等。這類短語動(dòng)詞用作不及物動(dòng)詞。如：
This story took place three years ago.
I make friends with a lot of people.
九年級(jí)英期末知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1.介詞的功能
介詞是一種虛詞，用來表示名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其它詞語句中其它詞的關(guān)系，不能單獨(dú)使用。介詞可與名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其它詞構(gòu)成介詞短語。介詞短語可在句中作定語，狀語，表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如：
The boy over there is John’s brother. (定語)
The girl will be back in two hours. (狀語)
Our English teacher is from Australia. (表語)
Help yourself to some fish. (賓語補(bǔ)足語)
2.常用介詞的用法辨析
(1)表時(shí)間的介詞
at, in on
表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)用at。例如：at six o’clock, at noon, at midnight。表示在某個(gè)世紀(jì)，某年，某月，某個(gè)季節(jié)以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上時(shí)，用in。例如：in the ninettenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。表示具體的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上時(shí)，用on。例如：on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning等。
since, after
由since和after 引導(dǎo)的詞組都可表示從過去某一點(diǎn)開始的時(shí)段，但since詞組表示的時(shí)段一直延續(xù)到說話的時(shí)刻，因而往往要與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。而after詞組所表示的時(shí)段純系過去，因而要與一般過去時(shí)連用。例如：
I haven’t heard from him since last summer.
After five days the boy came back.
in, after
in與將來時(shí)態(tài)連用時(shí)，表示“過多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段時(shí)間的詞語。After與將來時(shí)態(tài)連用時(shí)，后面只能跟表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞語。After與過去時(shí)態(tài)連用時(shí)，后面才能跟表示一段時(shí)間的詞語。例如：
He will be back in two months.
He will arrive after four o’clock.
He returned after a month.
(2)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞
at, in, on
at一般指小地方;in一般指大地方或某個(gè)范圍之內(nèi);on往往表示“在某個(gè)物體的表面”。例如：
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.
They arrived at a small village before dark.
There is a big hole in the wall.
The teacher put up a picture on the wall.
over, above, on
over, on和above都可表示“在……上面”，但具體含義不同。Over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反義詞是under。 above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反義詞是below。On指兩個(gè)物體表面接觸，一個(gè)在另一的上面。例如：
There is a bridge over the river.
We flew above the clouds.
They put some flowers on the teacher’s desk.
across, through
across和through均可表示“從這一邊到另一邊”，但用法不同。Across的含義與on有關(guān)，表示動(dòng)作在某一物體的表面進(jìn)行。Throgh的含義與in有關(guān)，表示動(dòng)作是在三維空間進(jìn)行。例如：
The dog ran across the grass.
The boy swam across the river.
They walked through the forest.
I pushed through the crowds.
in front of, in the front of
in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某個(gè)范圍以外;in the front of 表示“在……的前部”，在某個(gè)范圍以內(nèi)。例如：
There are some tall trees in front of the building.
The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.
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