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初中英語學(xué)科知識(shí)重點(diǎn)歸納

時(shí)間: 文瓊21297 分享

  初中三年我們要學(xué)習(xí)的英語知識(shí)是非常多的,其中的重點(diǎn)知識(shí)是需要我們特備注意的。下面是小編為大家整理的關(guān)于初中英語學(xué)科知識(shí)重點(diǎn)歸納,希望對(duì)您有所幫助。歡迎大家閱讀參考學(xué)習(xí)!

  初中英語知識(shí)歸納

  一、引導(dǎo)詞

  1.從句為陳述句,常選擇引導(dǎo)詞that,that引導(dǎo)賓語從句無意義,不充當(dāng)句子成分常省略。例句:He told us (that)they would help us through the whole work.

  2.從句為一般疑問句,常選擇引導(dǎo)詞if或whether,表示“是否”。在 whether … or not 結(jié)構(gòu)中不能用 if 替換。例句:I don't know if there will be a bus any more.

  3. 從句為特殊疑問句,常選擇what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑問代詞、副詞作引導(dǎo)詞。例句:He didn't tell me when we should meet again.

  二、判斷時(shí)態(tài)情況:

  1.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句可以為各種時(shí)態(tài)。

  2.主句是一般過去時(shí),從句要用相應(yīng)過去時(shí)態(tài)。

  注意:從句描繪客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象等,從句時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)限制,仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

  例句:He answered that he was listening to me.

  Father told me that practice makes perfect .

  三、賓語從句的語序要用陳述句語序

  陳述句語序,就是主語在前,謂語動(dòng)詞在后。

  錯(cuò)誤:He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.

  正確:He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.

  注意:賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移

  主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致。例如:I don't think he will come to my party.而不能說成I think he won't come to my party.

  初中英語必備知識(shí)

  動(dòng)詞

  (1) 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài):

 ?、?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

  一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的主要用法有兩點(diǎn):其一表示一經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,如: I always go to scho

  ol at seven. 其二表示某一真理,事實(shí),如: The earth moves around the sun.

 ?、?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

  現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法有兩點(diǎn):其一表示某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生于過去,并持續(xù)下來,到現(xiàn)在完成。如: I have studied English for two years. 其二表示某動(dòng)作發(fā)生于過去并已結(jié)束,但其影響到現(xiàn)在。如: I haven’t had my lunch. I’m hungry now. 與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的詞語有:yet, already, before, since, ever, never等。 其考查要點(diǎn):

  其一: Have been表示曾經(jīng)去過,如:I have been to America twice. 說此話的人應(yīng)已經(jīng)回到國內(nèi)。而He has gone to Japan.則此人目前已到日本去了。

  其二:截止性動(dòng)詞可以有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),但不可與表示一段長度的詞連用,如: The clas

  s has begun. The class has been on for five minutes.

 ?、?一般過去時(shí)

  表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,過去的習(xí)慣或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如: Who broke the window? In those days, I studied hard at night every day. 與過去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有: at that time, ago, in 1949, just now (剛才), last night, yesterday

 ?、?一般將來時(shí)

  純將來時(shí)的表示法: shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形

  例: I’ll leave for Shanghai this evening.

  表示按計(jì)劃要做或可能做的事: be going to+動(dòng)詞原形

  例: I’m going to help you tonight.

  將來時(shí)的特殊表示法

  a. be+coming/leaving/going/starting/arriving

  例: Don’t worry. I’m coming.

  b. be about to+動(dòng)詞原形

  例: He is about to leave, when the telephone rings.

  c. 狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來

  例: If it rains tomorrow I won’t go to the party.

  初中英語知識(shí)

  句型

  (1) 賓語從句:

  由疑問代詞或副詞引出的賓語從句

  例: Could you tell me where the post office is?

  Could you tell me what he said? (what作said的賓語)

  由that引出的賓語從句

  例: They said that they would give me some help. (that 僅作引導(dǎo)詞) 賓語從句中的疑問句要用陳述語序。

  例: He asked when we would leave home.

  (2) 狀語從句:

  狀語從句可包括:時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)/原因/結(jié)果/目的等狀語從句。

  例:I will come when I am free.

  I’m late because my bike is broken.

  He went so early that he got a good seat.

  She studied hard so that she would pass the exam.

  狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。

  例: If it rains tomorrow I shall not go to the cinema.

  表示在一長動(dòng)作進(jìn)行過程中某一動(dòng)作突然發(fā)生則長動(dòng)作要用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),而突發(fā)性動(dòng)作要用一般時(shí)態(tài)。

  例: When I’m reading a book, the telephone rings.

  (3) 反意疑問句

  例: She can swim across the river, can’t she?

  It’s a fine day, isn’t it?

  (4) 感嘆句:

  例. What a hot day it is!

  How hot the weather is!


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