高考英語高頻詞匯詞組2020(2)
(1) 雙賓語易位時需借助介詞to的常用動詞
award sb. sth. = awardsth. to sb. 頒獎給某人
bring sb. sth. = bringsth. to sb. 把某物帶給某人
hand sb. sth. =hand sth.to sb. 把某物遞給某人
lend sb. sth. = lend sth.to sb. 把某物借給某人
mail sb. sth. = mail sth.to sb. 把某物寄給某人
offer sb. sth. = offersth. to sb. 將某物給某人
owe sb. sth. = owe sth. tosb. 欠某人某物
pass sb. sth. = pass sth.to sb. 把某物遞給某人
pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付給某人某物(錢)
post sb. sth. = post sth.to sb. 把某物寄給某人
read sb. sth. = read sth.to sb. 把某物讀給某人聽
return sb. sth.= return sth. to sb. 把某物還給某人
send sb. sth. = send sth.to sb. 把某物送給某人
sell sb. sth. = sell sth.to sb. 把某物賣給某人
serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人
show sb. sth. = show sth.to sb. 拿某物給某人看
take sb. sth. = take sth.to sb. 把某物拿給某人
teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物
tell sb. sth. = tell sth.to sb. 告訴某人某情況
throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔給某人
write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 給某人寫信
(2) 雙賓語易位時需借助介詞for的常用動詞
book sb. sth. = book sth.for sb. 為某人預(yù)定某物
buy sb. sth. = buy sth.for sb. 為某人買某物
choose sb. sth.= choose sth. for sb. 為某人選..
cook sb. sth. = cook sth.for sb. 為某人煮某物
draw sb. sth. = draw sth.for sb. 為某人畫某物
fetch sb. sth.= fetch sth. for sb. 為某人去取某物
find sb. sth. = find sth.for sb. 為某人找到某物
fix sb. sth. = fix sth.for sb. 為某人準備某物
get sb. sth. = get sth.for sb. 為某人拿來某物
make sb. sth. = make sth.for sb. 為某人做某物
order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb. 為某人訂購某物
pick sb. sth. = pick sth.for sb. 為某人采摘某物
prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb. 為某人準備某物
save sb. sth. = save sth.for sb. 為某人留某物
sing sb. sth. = sing sth.for sb. 為某人唱某(歌)
spare sb. sth. = spare sth.for sb. 為某人讓出某物
steal sb. sth. = steal sth. for sb. 為某人偷某物
注:有的動詞后接的雙賓語易位時,既可用介詞to引出間接賓語,也可用介詞for引出間接賓語,含義相同,如bring,play等:
Bring me today’s paper.=Bring today’s paper to [for] me.
把今天的報紙拿給我。
He played us the record he had just bought.
= He played the record he had just bought for [to] us.
他放了他剛買的唱片給我們聽。
有的動詞后接的雙賓語易位時,即可用介詞to引出間接賓語,也可用介詞for引出間接賓語,含義不同。
如leave等:
They left me no food.
=They leftno food for me.
他們沒給我留一點食物。
My uncle left me a large fortune.
= My uncle left a large fortune to me.
我叔叔死后留下一大筆財產(chǎn)給我。
而有的動詞后接雙賓語時,既不能用介詞to引出間接賓語,也不能用介詞for引出間接賓語。
如allow/ask/cause,/charge,/cost,/forgive,refuse等:
He allows his son too much money.
他給他兒子的錢太多。
He asked me some questions.
他問了我一些問題。
This caused me much trouble.
這給我?guī)砹嗽S多麻煩。
He charged me five dollars for a cup of tea.
他一杯茶向我要了5美元。
His mistake cost him his job.
他的錯誤讓他丟了工作。
I envy you your good luck.我羨慕你的好運。
They forgave him his rudeness.
他們原諒了他的魯莽。
He refused her nothing. 她要什么就給什么。
九、可用于“動詞+sb+ofsth”的8個常見動詞
accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人犯某事(罪),指責(zé)某人做某事
cheat sb. fo sth. 騙取某人某物
cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病,改掉某人的壞習(xí)慣
inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某情況(事)
remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某情況(事)
rid sb. of sth. 使某人擺脫某物
rob sb. of sth. 搶劫某人的某東西
warn sb. of sth. 警告某人有某情況
十、可用于“動詞+sb+fordoingsth”的8個常見動詞
blame sb. for doing sth. 指責(zé)某人做某事
criticize sb. for doing sth. 批評某人做某事
forgive sb. for doing sth.原諒某人做某事
excuse sb. for doing sth. 原諒某人做某事
pardon sb. for doing sth. 原諒某人做某事
punish sb. for doing sth. 懲罰某人做某事
scold sb. for doing sth. 指責(zé)(責(zé)備)某人做某事
thank sb. for doing sth. 感謝某人做某事
十一、可用于“動詞+sb+intodoingsth”的9個常見動詞
cheat sb. into doing sth. 欺騙某人做某事
trick sb. into doing sth. 欺騙某人做某事
food sb. into doing sth. 欺騙某人做某事
force sb. into doing sth. 迫使某人做某事
argue sb. into doing sth. 說服某人做某事
talk sb. into doing sth. 說服某人做某事
terrify sb. into doing sth. 威脅某人做某事
frighten sb. into doing sth. 嚇唬某人做某事
persuade sb. into doing sth. 說服某人做某事
十二、容易誤用作及物動詞的9個不及物動詞
誤:deal aproblem
正:deal witha problem 處理問題
誤:depend sb.
正:depend onsb. 依靠(依賴)某人
誤:insistdoing sth.
正:insist ondoing sth. 堅持要做某事
誤:knock thedoor
正:knock on[at] the door 敲門
誤:operatesb.
正:operate onsb. 為某人做手術(shù)
誤:participatesth.
正:participatein sth. 參加某事
誤:refer sth.
正:refer tosth. 查閱(參考)某物
誤:rely sb. /sth.
正:rely onsb. / sth. 依靠(依賴)某人(某物
誤:reply aletter
正:reply to aletter 回信
注:在某些其他用法中,以上有的動詞也可能及物,如insist, reply等動詞后可接賓語從句,operate表示“操作”、“管理”等時則及物。
十三、容易誤用作不及物動詞的8個及物動詞
誤:serve forsb.
正:servesb. 為某人服務(wù)
誤:marry withsb.
正:marrysb. 與某人結(jié)婚
誤:discussabout sth.
正:discusssth. 討論某事
誤:mentionabout sth.
正:mentionsth. 提到某事
誤:enter intoa room
正:enter aroom 進入房間
誤:contactwith sb.
正:contactsb. 與某人聯(lián)系
誤:equal tosth.
正: equalsth. 等于某物
誤:ring tosb.
正:ringsb. 給某人打電話
注:有個別詞在用于其他意義時,可以是不及物的,如enter into可以表示開始進入或從事某一狀態(tài)或活動,或用于較抽象的概念。如:
The country entered into a state of war.
這個國家進入戰(zhàn)爭狀態(tài)。
I can enter into your feelings at the loss of yourfather.
我理解你失去父親后的心情。
The two old men entered into a long conversation.
兩位老人開始長談起來。
十四、17個常用“be+形容詞+about”結(jié)構(gòu)
be angry about 為……生氣
be anxious about 為……擔憂
be careful about 當心……
be certain about 確信……
be curious about 對……好奇
be disappointed about 對……失望
be excited about 對……感到興奮
be glad about 對……感到高興
be happy about 為……感到高興
be hopeful about 對……抱有希望
be mad about 對……入迷
be nervous about 為……感到不安
be particular about 對……講究
be sad about 為……而難過
be serious about 對……認真
be sure about 對……有把握
be worried about 為……擔憂
十五、10個常用“be+形容詞+at”結(jié)構(gòu)
be angry at 為……生氣
be bad at 不善于……
be clever at 擅長于……
be disappointed at 對……失望
be expert at 在……方面是內(nèi)行
be good at 善于……
be mad at 對……發(fā)怒
be quick at 在……方面敏捷
be skilful at 在……方面熟練
be slow at 在……方面遲鈍
be surprised at 對.....感到吃驚
十六、18個常用“be+形容詞+for”結(jié)構(gòu)
be anxious for 渴望
be bad for 對……有害,對……不利
be bound for 前往
be celebrated for 以……出名
be convenient for 對……方便,在……附近
be eager for渴望
be famous for 因……聞名
be fit for 合適,適合
be good for 對……有益(方便)
be grateful for 感謝
be hungry for 渴望得到
be late for 遲到
be necessary for 對……有必要
be ready for 為……準備好
be sorry for 因……抱歉
be suitable for 對……合適(適宜)
be thankful for 因……而感激
be well-known for以……出名