八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語unit1-3知識(shí)點(diǎn)及語法
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八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語unit1-3知識(shí)點(diǎn)及語法
Unit1
1. We had great fun playing in the water. 我們?cè)谒型娴煤芨吲d。
have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很高興 = enjoy oneself
We had a lot of fun swimming in the sea.
I have great fun talking with that little girl.
練一練(1) I have a good time on the beach. ( 同義句)
I ______ ________ on the beach.
(2) We have fun ______(sing) and ______( dance).
2. I found a small boy crying in the corner. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)小男孩在角落里哭。
find sb. doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事
He sat down and watched Wang Wang play with a friend black cat.
感官動(dòng)詞 see, hear, feel, watch, listen to, look at, find
(1)感官動(dòng)詞+ 賓語+ 動(dòng)詞原形 強(qiáng)調(diào)看到/聽到整個(gè)動(dòng)作，或整個(gè)事件或行為的全過程
(2)感官動(dòng)詞+ 賓語+ 現(xiàn)在分詞 強(qiáng)調(diào)看到/聽到行動(dòng)或事件正在進(jìn)行
I saw him cross the street. 我看見他過了馬路。(從一邊到另一邊)
I saw him crossing the street. 我看見他正過馬路。(正在馬路中間走著)
練一練 (1) I found a dog ______ near the door.
A. was standing B. to stand C. stand D. stood
(2) She heard a little boy ______ English.
A. reading B. reads C. to read D. is reading
3. That made me feel very happy. 那使我感到很愉快。
make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
使役動(dòng)詞 have, let, make 后跟不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)
Let me help you.
I’ll have him bring some water.
練一練 (1) Helping others can make us ______ very happy.
A. feeling B. to feel C. feel D. felt
(2) They _____ the boy leave at once.
A. asked B. told C. kept D. made
(3) Mother often ______ me ______ my homework after supper.
A. makes, doing B. lets, doing C. watched, to do D. makes, do
Unit2
1. How often do you exercise ? → How often + 助動(dòng)詞do(does或did) + 主語 + do sth. ? 疑問詞how often是問頻率(多經(jīng)常), 在這里助動(dòng)詞do(does或did) 是起幫助構(gòu)成疑問的作用
Once a week / Three times a month / Three or four times a month .
練習(xí). —______ is “Lucky 52” shown on CCTV-2?
—Every week.(2006年，黃岡)
A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How many times
2. as for...意思是“至于;關(guān)于”，常用于句首作狀語，其后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式(即動(dòng)名詞)。如
As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永遠(yuǎn)不希望在這里見到。
(1). ________(至于，關(guān)于) clothes, she likes clothes in fashion.
3. want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事”;
want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如：
Do you want to go to the movies with me?你想和我一起去看電影嗎?
The teacher doesnt want us to eat hamburgers.老師不想讓我們吃漢堡包。
練習(xí)： His mother wants him ___ at home today.
A. stays B. stayed C. to stay D. staying
4. be good for...表示“對(duì)……有益(有好處)”。其反義為：be bad for...。后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞;be good at意為“擅長……”，后接名詞、代詞或ving形式。be good with意為“靈巧的;與……相處得好”;be good to意為“對(duì)……友好。
(1).(2011烏魯木齊) 1 think drinking milk is good ____ our health.
A.for B. to C. with D. at
5. try to do sth.表示“ 盡力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思 / try doing sth. 表示“ (用某一辦法)試著去做某事”。 如:You’d better try doing the experiment in another way. 你最好試試用另一種方法做這個(gè)試驗(yàn)。
練習(xí)： He must _____ his sister with her math.
A. try help B. trying to help C. trys to help D. try to help
6. help sb. (to) do sth.幫助某人做某事
.練習(xí)：Eating fruit and vegetables can help you ______ more vitamins
A. got B. getting C. to get D. gets
7. be the same as 和…一樣 / 反義詞： be different from 和…不同
練習(xí)：1.Life in the country is quite _______ that in the city.
A. the same B. different from C. full of D.the same as
2.Is your pen _______ Jim’s?
A.same as B.the same C.the same with D.the same as
8. kind of = a little / a kind of 意思是“一種”
練習(xí)：How many ______ medicine are used for the children of six years old?
A. kind of B. kinds of C. kind D. kinds
9. keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy =be healthy 保持健康
That sounds interesting. 這是“主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡單句。sound(聽起來)，look(看起來)，smell(聞起來)，taste(嘗起來)，feel(覺得)，seem(好象)，grow(變得) , get(變得)等詞在英語中可用作系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語。如： It tastes good. 這味道好。
The music sounds very sweet. 這音樂聽起來很入耳。
練習(xí)：We should keep our classroom ______.
A. cleaned B. clean C. cleaning D. to clean
10.although意思是“雖然，盡管” 引導(dǎo)的從句不能與but, however連用，但可與yet, still連用 。 although不能指假設(shè)的情況，不能作副詞，放在詞尾。
練習(xí)：Although he is very old, ______he works very hard.
A. and B. but C. / D. so
Unit3
1. I’m more outgoing than my sister . → 主語 + 動(dòng)詞 + 形容詞比較級(jí)別 + than + 比較對(duì)象
練習(xí)：I don’t think Henry is _____ than Tony.
A. much popular B. more popular C. popular D. most popular
2. in some ways 在某些方面; in many ways 在多方面
3. enjoy doing sth. =love like doing sth. 喜歡做某事
練習(xí)：She enjoys _____ basketball on Sundays
A. play B to play C playing D have played
4. as/so + 形容詞/ 副詞(原形) + as 和……一樣
它的否定式是：not as/ so + 形容詞/ 副詞(原形) + as 和……不一樣
練習(xí)：This math problem is _______that one.
A.not so easy as B.more easy than C.as easier as D.easy than
5. all用于三者或三者以上;both用于兩者。同時(shí)要注意它們?cè)诰渲械奈恢?，即位于連系動(dòng)詞(be)，助動(dòng)詞(be , will , shall , should 等)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can , may , must , have to等)的后面;其它動(dòng)詞的前面。
同步練習(xí)
1.There are lots of colorful on _______ sides of the streets.
A.each B.both C.either D.all
2.What are your parents?
They doctors.
A.are all B.are both C.all are D.both are
6.make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
練習(xí)：
1.The boss makes the worker _______10 hours every day.
A.work B.to work C.working D.works
.2. Mr Bean enjoys _______ jokes and often makes us _______.
A.to tell; to laugh B.tells; laugh C.telling; laugh D.telling; laughing
7.stop doing sth. 意為“ 停止(正在)做的事情” / stop to do sth. 意為“ 停下(正在做的事)去做某事”
語法：
1.一般過去時(shí)
1.一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：
1.一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied
同步練習(xí)
1. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
2. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
3 What _____ she _____ (find) in the garden last morning?
She ____ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
4. It ____ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday 10. We all ___ (have) a good time last night.
5.. He _____ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 12. Helen ____ (milk) a cow on Fridays.
6.. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)
7. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)
8. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.
9. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.
10. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Mondays. 18 We ____ (go) to school on Sundays.
2，.英語形容詞比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成
?。?/p>
英語形容詞比較等級(jí)有三個(gè)：原級(jí)，比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。
形容詞比較等級(jí)形式變化有規(guī)則的和不規(guī)則的兩種。
規(guī)則變化 :
1)單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er(比較級(jí))，-est(最高級(jí))
【例】 small smaller smallest
2)單音節(jié)如以e結(jié)尾，只加-r(比較級(jí))，-st(最高級(jí))
【例】 fine finer finest
閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，須先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-er(比較級(jí))，-est(最高級(jí)) big bigger biggest
少數(shù)以-y，-er，ow，-ble結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，末尾加-er(比較級(jí))，-est(最高級(jí))。以-y結(jié)尾的詞，如-y前是輔音字母，則變y為-i，再加-er和-est。以-e結(jié)尾的詞只加-r和-st。
【例】 clever cleverer cleverest
其它雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞皆在前面加單詞more和most。
【例】 careful more careful most careful
不規(guī)則變化
原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí)
good/well better best
bad worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
注：有些形容詞一般沒有比較等級(jí)。如： right, wrong, woolen等。
同步練習(xí)
21. His father is____than his mother. ;
A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years
22. Maths is more popular than____.
A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject
23. China is larger than ____ in Africa
A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country
24. Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.
A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy
25. When spring comes, it gets____.
A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter
26. By and by, ____ students in our class came to like English.
A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least
27. At last he began to cry ___.
A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard
C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder
28. When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.
A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer
29. ___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.
A. The best; the more B. The more; the less C. The more; less D. More; the more
30. ___ he read the book, ____ he got in it.
A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting
C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested
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