語(yǔ)法也是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的重點(diǎn)，在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中，理解了句子中的成分將會(huì)幫助你學(xué)會(huì)分析句子，在做題的過(guò)程中也會(huì)更加順利。下面小編為大家?guī)?lái)初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)，希望對(duì)您有所幫助!

初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1.主語(yǔ)：

表示句子所說(shuō)的是“什么人”或“什么事兒”，一般由名詞，代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或者短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)

例如：Gina is from Australia.

She often goes to the movies.

This kind of juice tastes good!

2.謂語(yǔ)：

主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作。一般是有動(dòng)作意義的動(dòng)詞。謂語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)兩個(gè)方面必須保持一致。

例如： We are both quiet.

He has a smart phone.

You should study harder.

Her parents are teachers.

3. 賓語(yǔ)：

分為動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)和介詞賓語(yǔ)，屬于動(dòng)作的承受者。

例如：He's playing soccer.

Good food and exercise help me to study harder.

4. 系動(dòng)詞：

表示狀態(tài)或狀態(tài)變化的動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有實(shí)際的動(dòng)作意義。如 be, 感官系動(dòng)詞(look, sound, smell, taste 和 feel)、保持類系動(dòng)詞(keep, stay 和 remain)、狀態(tài)變化類系動(dòng)詞(become、get、turn 和 go)等。

This picture looks so beautiful.

Keep working, you will see the post office on your right.

5. 表語(yǔ)：

緊跟系動(dòng)詞后面的成分。說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么或者怎么樣，由 n. adj. 或者相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞或者短語(yǔ)，和系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。

例如：Her mother is a bank clerk.

Are you ready?

We were at home last night.

6. 定語(yǔ)：

修飾名詞或代詞的成分。作定語(yǔ)的`出形容詞外，還有代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或者短語(yǔ)。

例如： Peel three bananas.

What's your name, please?

She's a good basketball player.

7. 狀語(yǔ)：

修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或句子的成分。一般表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間地點(diǎn)目的方式程度等意義。通常有副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或相當(dāng)于的副詞的詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示。

例如：People are all working hard.

Beijing is not very cold in winter.

8. 補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：

分為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。是對(duì)賓語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，與其有主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)的邏輯關(guān)系。

例如：You should keep the room clean and tidy.

你應(yīng)該讓屋子保持干凈整潔。

(You是主語(yǔ)， should keep是謂語(yǔ)，the room是賓語(yǔ)，clean and tidy是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。)

This kind of food tastes delicious.

這種食物吃起來(lái)很可口。

(This kind of food是主語(yǔ)， tastes是系動(dòng)詞， delicious是表語(yǔ)。)

注意：主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、系動(dòng)詞、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子的主干成分;定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子的修飾性成分，不是主干成分。

初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)必背知識(shí)點(diǎn)

一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：

1.on weekends

2.on weekdays

3.as for

4.my eating habits

5.have a healthy lifestyle

6.the same as

7.the result of

8.junk food

9.get good grades

10.see a dentist

11.have a healthy habit

12.be stressed out

13.a balanced diet

14.for example

15.at the moment

16.be sorry to do sth

17.go bike riding

18.take walks=go for walk

19.take a vacation

20.plan to do sth

21.western country

22.take sth with sb

23.depend on

24.host family

25.hardly ever

26.ask sb about sth

27.get back to school

28.a balance of

29.kind of

二、考點(diǎn)歸納：

考點(diǎn)1.want sb to do sth 想要某人干某事

His father wants him_____(become )an actor.

考點(diǎn)2.try 的用法:

1).try to do sth 盡力干某事

He tries ______(eat) lots of vegetables and fruit every day .

2).try not to do sth 盡力不干某事

We try______(not let) my teacher down.

3).try one’s best to do sth 盡某人努力干某事

We should try our best ______ (study) all subjects.

4)詞組: try on 試穿 have a try 試一試

考點(diǎn)3.although 的用法:

although /though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，“即使，雖然”，不能與but 連用，但可與yet, still 連用。

考點(diǎn)4.finish doing sth 結(jié)束干某事

I will finish______ (work )out the problem in another two minutes .

考點(diǎn)5.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地干某事

I can’t wait _____(open)the TV when I get home .

考點(diǎn)6.decide 的用法:

1).decide to do sth 決定干某事

2).decide not do sth 決定不干某事

3).decide on doing sth 決定干某事

4).同義詞組:

make a decision to do sth = make up one’s mind to do sth = decide to do sth

He has decided to leave for Wuhan .=

He has ______ a _____ to leave for Wuhan.=

He has ____up his_____ to leave for Wuhan.

考點(diǎn)7.plan to do sth 計(jì)劃干某事

She is planning ______(take )a vacation in Shanghai next month .

考點(diǎn)8.think about doing sth 考慮干某事

He thought about ______(go ) to Beijing on vacation .

考點(diǎn)9.go + v-ing 的用法:

go fishing go boating go skating go shopping go hiking go skateboarding

考點(diǎn)10.句型: It’s + adj +for /of sb to do sth

同義句：

1).It’s +adj +for sb +to do sth = To do sth + be +adj

2).It’s +adj +of sb +to do sth = Sb +be +adj + to do sth

It is very friendly of you to help me .=_____ _____ friendly to help me .

It’s very hard for you to work out the math problem .=

______ _____ out the math problem is very hard for you .

八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)期中知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花費(fèi)某人某些時(shí)間去做某事,例如：

It takes me twenty minutes to get to school on foot every morning.每天早晨我步行到學(xué)校要花費(fèi)二十分鐘。

It will take three hours to finish the work.完成那項(xiàng)工作需要花費(fèi)三個(gè)小時(shí)。

2.depend v. 依靠，依賴depend(常與on, upon連用)視情況而定

It all depends on how you tackle the problem.那要看你如何應(yīng)付這問(wèn)題而定。

Children must depend on their parents.孩子們必須依賴他們的父母

3.How do you get to/reach/arrive at school? 你怎樣到達(dá)學(xué)校?

I ride to school./ I get to school by bike.騎車

I take a bus to school. / I get to school by bus.做公共汽車

I take the subway to get to school./I get to school by subway.坐地鐵

I walk./ I get to scool on foot 走著去

4 .on/in+修飾詞(形容詞性物主代詞;名詞所有格;冠同等)+交通工具，強(qiáng)調(diào)乘坐某種交通工具。For example:

Jack goes to school on his bike.杰克騎車去學(xué)校

Mr. Green goes to work in his car every day. 格林先生每天開(kāi)車去上班

5. How does Lucy go to school?(單三)路西怎么去學(xué)校?

She rides her bike. 她騎車去

6. How long does it take?那要花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?

It takes twenty minutes. 花20分鐘

7 .How long does it take them to get to the bus station?到汽車站得多久?

It takes them about two hours to get to the bus station.用了他們兩個(gè)小時(shí)

8. How far is it from his home to school? 從家到學(xué)校有多遠(yuǎn)?

It is five miles. 五英里

9. We waited at the bus stop. 我們?cè)诠财囌镜?車)。

10.The old man lives on a small pension.老人靠一小筆退休金生活。

11. I've never heard of anyone doing that. 我從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)有人做那種事。

12. A town is bigger than a village but smaller than a city. town通常指“城鎮(zhèn)、集鎮(zhèn)、小鎮(zhèn)”，對(duì)應(yīng)于country/countryside.有時(shí)指城市里的鬧市區(qū)或商業(yè)中心。

13. until用于肯定句中，表示動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到until所表示的時(shí)間為止。

I will wait here until the concert is over.我將一直在這兒等到音樂(lè)會(huì)結(jié)束。

14. not…until用于否定句中，表示動(dòng)作的轉(zhuǎn)折。意思為“直到……才”

主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是表示瞬間(終止性的)動(dòng)作的詞。

She can't leave until Friday.在星期五之前她不能離開(kāi)