初二英語上冊語法知識點
語法也是英語學(xué)習(xí)中的重點，在英語學(xué)習(xí)中，理解了句子中的成分將會幫助你學(xué)會分析句子，在做題的過程中也會更加順利。下面小編為大家?guī)沓醵⒄Z上冊語法知識點，希望對您有所幫助!
初二英語上冊語法知識點
1.主語：
表示句子所說的是“什么人”或“什么事兒”，一般由名詞，代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或者短語充當(dāng)
例如：Gina is from Australia.
She often goes to the movies.
This kind of juice tastes good!
2.謂語：
主語發(fā)出的動作。一般是有動作意義的動詞。謂語和主語在人稱和數(shù)兩個方面必須保持一致。
例如： We are both quiet.
He has a smart phone.
You should study harder.
Her parents are teachers.
3. 賓語：
分為動詞賓語和介詞賓語，屬于動作的承受者。
例如：He's playing soccer.
Good food and exercise help me to study harder.
4. 系動詞：
表示狀態(tài)或狀態(tài)變化的動詞，沒有實際的動作意義。如 be, 感官系動詞(look, sound, smell, taste 和 feel)、保持類系動詞(keep, stay 和 remain)、狀態(tài)變化類系動詞(become、get、turn 和 go)等。
This picture looks so beautiful.
Keep working, you will see the post office on your right.
5. 表語：
緊跟系動詞后面的成分。說明主語是什么或者怎么樣，由 n. adj. 或者相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞或者短語，和系動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。
例如：Her mother is a bank clerk.
Are you ready?
We were at home last night.
6. 定語：
修飾名詞或代詞的成分。作定語的`出形容詞外，還有代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或者短語。
例如： Peel three bananas.
What's your name, please?
She's a good basketball player.
7. 狀語：
修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞或句子的成分。一般表示行為發(fā)生的時間地點目的方式程度等意義。通常有副詞、介詞短語或相當(dāng)于的副詞的詞或短語來表示。
例如：People are all working hard.
Beijing is not very cold in winter.
8. 補語：
分為賓語補足語和主語補足語。是對賓語和主語的補充說明，與其有主動或被動的邏輯關(guān)系。
例如：You should keep the room clean and tidy.
你應(yīng)該讓屋子保持干凈整潔。
(You是主語， should keep是謂語，the room是賓語，clean and tidy是賓語補足語。)
This kind of food tastes delicious.
這種食物吃起來很可口。
(This kind of food是主語， tastes是系動詞， delicious是表語。)
注意：主語、謂語、賓語、系動詞、表語、補語是一個句子的主干成分;定語和狀語是一個句子的修飾性成分，不是主干成分。
初二英語上冊必背知識點
一、重點短語：
1.on weekends
2.on weekdays
3.as for
4.my eating habits
5.have a healthy lifestyle
6.the same as
7.the result of
8.junk food
9.get good grades
10.see a dentist
11.have a healthy habit
12.be stressed out
13.a balanced diet
14.for example
15.at the moment
16.be sorry to do sth
17.go bike riding
18.take walks=go for walk
19.take a vacation
20.plan to do sth
21.western country
22.take sth with sb
23.depend on
24.host family
25.hardly ever
26.ask sb about sth
27.get back to school
28.a balance of
29.kind of
二、考點歸納：
考點1.want sb to do sth 想要某人干某事
His father wants him_____(become )an actor.
考點2.try 的用法:
1).try to do sth 盡力干某事
He tries ______(eat) lots of vegetables and fruit every day .
2).try not to do sth 盡力不干某事
We try______(not let) my teacher down.
3).try one’s best to do sth 盡某人努力干某事
We should try our best ______ (study) all subjects.
4)詞組: try on 試穿 have a try 試一試
考點3.although 的用法:
although /though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，“即使，雖然”，不能與but 連用，但可與yet, still 連用。
考點4.finish doing sth 結(jié)束干某事
I will finish______ (work )out the problem in another two minutes .
考點5.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地干某事
I can’t wait _____(open)the TV when I get home .
考點6.decide 的用法:
1).decide to do sth 決定干某事
2).decide not do sth 決定不干某事
3).decide on doing sth 決定干某事
4).同義詞組:
make a decision to do sth = make up one’s mind to do sth = decide to do sth
He has decided to leave for Wuhan .=
He has ______ a _____ to leave for Wuhan.=
He has ____up his_____ to leave for Wuhan.
考點7.plan to do sth 計劃干某事
She is planning ______(take )a vacation in Shanghai next month .
考點8.think about doing sth 考慮干某事
He thought about ______(go ) to Beijing on vacation .
考點9.go + v-ing 的用法:
go fishing go boating go skating go shopping go hiking go skateboarding
考點10.句型: It’s + adj +for /of sb to do sth
同義句：
1).It’s +adj +for sb +to do sth = To do sth + be +adj
2).It’s +adj +of sb +to do sth = Sb +be +adj + to do sth
It is very friendly of you to help me .=_____ _____ friendly to help me .
It’s very hard for you to work out the math problem .=
______ _____ out the math problem is very hard for you .
1. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花費某人某些時間去做某事,例如：
It takes me twenty minutes to get to school on foot every morning.每天早晨我步行到學(xué)校要花費二十分鐘。
It will take three hours to finish the work.完成那項工作需要花費三個小時。
2.depend v. 依靠，依賴depend(常與on, upon連用)視情況而定
It all depends on how you tackle the problem.那要看你如何應(yīng)付這問題而定。
Children must depend on their parents.孩子們必須依賴他們的父母
3.How do you get to/reach/arrive at school? 你怎樣到達學(xué)校?
I ride to school./ I get to school by bike.騎車
I take a bus to school. / I get to school by bus.做公共汽車
I take the subway to get to school./I get to school by subway.坐地鐵
I walk./ I get to scool on foot 走著去
4 .on/in+修飾詞(形容詞性物主代詞;名詞所有格;冠同等)+交通工具，強調(diào)乘坐某種交通工具。For example:
Jack goes to school on his bike.杰克騎車去學(xué)校
Mr. Green goes to work in his car every day. 格林先生每天開車去上班
5. How does Lucy go to school?(單三)路西怎么去學(xué)校?
She rides her bike. 她騎車去
6. How long does it take?那要花多長時間?
It takes twenty minutes. 花20分鐘
7 .How long does it take them to get to the bus station?到汽車站得多久?
It takes them about two hours to get to the bus station.用了他們兩個小時
8. How far is it from his home to school? 從家到學(xué)校有多遠(yuǎn)?
It is five miles. 五英里
9. We waited at the bus stop. 我們在公共汽車站等(車)。
10.The old man lives on a small pension.老人靠一小筆退休金生活。
11. I've never heard of anyone doing that. 我從未聽說有人做那種事。
12. A town is bigger than a village but smaller than a city. town通常指“城鎮(zhèn)、集鎮(zhèn)、小鎮(zhèn)”，對應(yīng)于country/countryside.有時指城市里的鬧市區(qū)或商業(yè)中心。
13. until用于肯定句中，表示動作一直持續(xù)到until所表示的時間為止。
I will wait here until the concert is over.我將一直在這兒等到音樂會結(jié)束。
14. not…until用于否定句中，表示動作的轉(zhuǎn)折。意思為“直到……才”
主句的謂語動詞是表示瞬間(終止性的)動作的詞。
She can't leave until Friday.在星期五之前她不能離開