2017考研英語(yǔ)作文圖表備考總結(jié)
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2017考研英語(yǔ)作文圖表備考總結(jié)(一)
1. 圖表及圖表類型
1)圖表：chart, graph, diagram;
2)各類圖表：
表格：table;
柱形圖：barchart 或column chart;
餅形圖：piechart;
線形圖：linechart 或curve chart;
2. 表達(dá)圖表中數(shù)據(jù)動(dòng)態(tài)變化的名詞或動(dòng)詞
1) “數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)”相關(guān)
(1) the number of sth.
(2) data, statistics, figures
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion
(4) around, over, appropriately
2) 表達(dá)“上升”
(1)常見詞匯
increase → (名詞形式increase )
rise (不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞rise→rose→risen) → (名詞形式rise)
grow (不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞grow→grew→grown) → (名詞形式growth)
go up
注意以下短語(yǔ)數(shù)量上的區(qū)別：
increase by +數(shù)字上升到...
increase to +數(shù)字上升了...
reach to +數(shù)字達(dá)到...
(2)其他詞匯
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳躍，劇增
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加
(3) 地道表達(dá)
double, triple
3) 表達(dá)“下降”
(1) 常見詞匯
decrease (名詞形式decrease )
drop (名詞形式drop)
fall (不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞fall→fell→fallen) → (名詞形式fall)
decline (名詞形式decline )
go down
(2)其他詞匯
plunge: fall steeply 跳水，猛跌
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉，沉沒
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉
4) 表達(dá)“波動(dòng)”
fluctuate (名詞形式fluctuation )
go up and down
rise and fall
5) 表達(dá)“保持平穩(wěn)”
remain stable (或 remain constant)
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趨向平穩(wěn))
3.描述數(shù)據(jù)變化方向和幅度的形容詞(配合名詞)、副詞(配合動(dòng)詞)
1) 變化快、劇烈、明顯
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable
2) 變化慢、微弱、不明顯
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady
4.常用短語(yǔ)：“動(dòng)詞配副詞”和“形容詞配名詞”
1) v. + adv.
decline slowly
grow dramatically
fluctuate sharply
2) adj. + n.
a slow decline
a dramatic growth
a sharp fluctuation
a slight increase
a significant increase
3) on a +adj.+ n
例如：如上述柱形圖所示，過去二十年間中國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)人口已經(jīng)顯著上升。該句至少有以下兩種表達(dá)：
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades.
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades.
2017考研英語(yǔ)作文圖表備考總結(jié)(二)
作文模板
As we can see from the diagram, remarkable tendency that has occurred in the sphere draws our attention. As is apparently depicted in the chart, (內(nèi)容)soared from(數(shù)據(jù))in(年份) to(數(shù)據(jù)) in(年份), While, as a sharp contrast, (內(nèi)容)decreased from(數(shù)據(jù))in(年份) to(數(shù)據(jù)) in(年份).In addition ,(內(nèi)容)was almost the same in(年份)and(年份)./(there was only a slow increase from(數(shù)據(jù))in(年份) to(數(shù)據(jù)) in(年份))
From these figures one can easily see that the of (比例最大的部分A)is very high.Many factors that contribute to the phenomenon may be summarized as follows. Above all, (主題詞) stimulates the dramatic transformation of traditional concepts. Based upon a survey performed by socialists, almost 52% (高于50%)of the respondents regard (好的趨勢(shì)) as their preferable way to(主題詞), compared to 36%(低于50%) only a few years ago. What’s more, the rapid improvement of economic conditions provides us with more opportunities to (第二比例大內(nèi)容). Last but not the least, as the influence of globalization, it is believed that people now take a more positive attitude towards the (好的趨勢(shì)).
Based on the factors discussed above, all the analysis point to an unshakable conclusion. The trend does not exit in this single field, and it is bound to produce a profound influence on relevant spheres. So it is not surprising to say that (總結(jié)部分).
2017考研英語(yǔ)作文圖表備考總結(jié)(三)
例1題目：Changes in People’s Diet
Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to:
1.state the changes in people’s diet(飲食)in the past five years;
2.give possible reasons for the changes;
3.draw your own conclusions.
You should quote as few figures as possible.
例2題目：Car Accidents Declining in Walton City
Remember that your composition must be written according to the following outline;
1.Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;
2.Possible reason(s)for the decline of car accidents in the city;
3.Your predictions of what will happen this year.
Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible.
例3題目： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Health Gain in Developing Countries. Your composition must be no less than 120 words and you should base your composition on the following instructions(given in Chinese):
1. 以下圖為依據(jù)描述發(fā)展中國(guó)家的期望壽命(life expectancy)和嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality)的變化情況
2. 說明引起變化的各種原因
從以上例子可見，圖表作文一般在題目中給出作文的標(biāo)題和一個(gè)或幾個(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)表格、圓形圖、曲線圖或條形圖，有時(shí)還用英文或中文提綱的形式給出提示，要求我們：
1)用文字描述圖表，客觀解釋圖表中所傳遞的信息，并找出某種規(guī)律或趨勢(shì);
2)就圖表中所反映的某種趨勢(shì)或問題分析其原因或后果。
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