初二上冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)的重點(diǎn)總結(jié)

　　在期末的時(shí)候，對(duì)于初二英語復(fù)習(xí)要怎樣開展好呢?還很困惑的話，那不妨和學(xué)習(xí)啦小編一起來看看外研版初二上冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)的重點(diǎn)總結(jié)，希望對(duì)各位有幫助!

　　外研版初二上冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)的重點(diǎn)總結(jié)

　　Module 1

　　一、語法

　　1. Why don’t you do ... ?

　　提建 2. Why not do ... ? Thanks!

　　議的 3. You should (shouldn’t) do ... . 回答 Good!

　　表達(dá) 4. It’s a good idea to do ... . Excellent!

　　方式 5. Try (not) to do ... .

　　6. How about/ What about doing ... ?

　　二、重點(diǎn)句子

　　1. You should speak English in class.

　　2. You should write down your mistakes in your notebooks.

　　3. Why don’t you write down the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes?

　　4. How about listening to the radio or reading a newspaper in English?

　　5. Try not to translate every word.

　　6. Everyone should have a pen friend and write email messages to each other.

　　7. It’s a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day.

　　Module 2~4

　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

　　1. 過去發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了一定的影響和后果;

　　2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：由助動(dòng)詞have/has +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成;

　　肯定句

　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是“have(has)+過去分詞”。

　　注意：該句式中的have或has是助動(dòng)詞，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用have。

　　疑問句

　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句式是把助動(dòng)詞have或has提到主語之前。

　　回答：Yes, … have(has).

　　No, … haven’t(hasn’t).

　　否定句：

　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句式是“haven't(hasn't)+過去分詞”。

　　3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語:already, just, yet, since, ever, never;

　　4. 與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：一般過去時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在過去發(fā)生，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì) 現(xiàn)在造成了影響和后果。

　　5.一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語：yesterday, just now, …ago, last week, 2 years ago,in 1980等。

　　例：

　　We planted (plant) some flowers in the garden last week.

　　I have sent (send) the letter.

　　He has come (come ) back home, he is watching (watch) TV now.

　　David finished (finish) his homework just now.

　　The monkeys are full, because we have fed (feed) them.

　　A: I have lost (lose) my purse!

　　B. Bad luck! When did you lose (lose) it?

　　A: I lost (lose) it last night.

　　與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的幾個(gè)副詞：already, just, ever, yet, never

　　肯定句: already, just

　　疑問句和否定句: ever, yet, never

　　yet 常置于句末

　　already, never, ever just一般置于助動(dòng)詞have/has之后，過去分詞之前.

　　例：用 already, just或never, yet完成句子

　　1) I have been to many big cities, but I have never been to Shanghai.

　　2) Most of us have already finished our compositions.

　　3) Have they taken down the old pictures yet ? No, not yet .

　　4) He has already visited Beijing twice.

　　5) I have just heard the news. I know it.

　　7. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的for和since

　　(1)for + 一段時(shí)間(用How long提問)

　　We have known each other for ten years. 我們相識(shí)10年了。

　　(2)since + 句子/具體時(shí)間

　　since 引導(dǎo)的短語或從句用How long提問

　?、賡ince+過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)(具體的年、月、日、鐘點(diǎn)等)。

　　Tom has eaten nothing since yesterday.

　?、趕ince + 一段時(shí)間+ago

　　We have been friends since five months ago. 從5個(gè)月前起，我們就成了朋友。

　?、踫ince+從句，表示“自過去某個(gè)時(shí)間、某件事情以來”，從句時(shí)態(tài)：一般過去時(shí)。

　　I have lived here since I left Shanghai.

　　④It is+一段時(shí)間+since從句，表示“自從某件事發(fā)生已有一段時(shí)間了”。

　　It is two years since I left school.

　　8. 在含for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，謂語動(dòng)詞只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能直接和for或since 連用。

　　leave --- be away die --- be dead

　　begin/start --- be on finish --- be over

　　come here --- be here go there --- be there

　　come back --- be back fall asleep --- be asleep

　　get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in) leave --- be away from

　　go (get) out --- be out open sth --- keep sth open

　　join --- be in+組織機(jī)構(gòu)/be a member of+組織機(jī)構(gòu)

　　fall ill --- be ill get up --- be up

　　catch a cold --- have a cold borrow --- keep

　　buy --- have get to know --- know

　　put on---wear

　　例：

　　1. The old man died 4 years ago.

　　The old man has been dead for 4 years.

　　2. It is 4 years since the old man died.

　　Four years has passed since the old man died.

　　3. He joined the Party 2 years ago.

　　He has been in the Party for 2 years.

　　4. I bought the book 5 days ago.

　　I have had the book for 5 days.

　　Module 5

　　反意疑問句：用于對(duì)某一事物或觀點(diǎn)沒有確切的把握，或者用于加強(qiáng)自己的觀點(diǎn)。

　　陳述句+簡(jiǎn)短的一般疑問句 [助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+代詞]

　　肯定或否定 與陳述句的主語一致

　　肯定 否定

　　否定 肯定

　　注意：

　　1. 反問部分的be動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞要與陳述句部分一致。

　　2. 陳述句與反問句在時(shí)態(tài)和人稱上要一致。

　　3. 陳述句部分如果為否定句或含有否定意義的詞(如：nothing，never, little, few等)，反問句要用肯定式;陳述句部分如果式肯定句，反問部分要用否定式。

　　例：

　　He was not at home at that time, was he?

　　May listens to pops everyday, doesn’t she?

　　We know nothing about him, do we?

　　You haven’t heard of him, have you?

　　4. 當(dāng)句子為祈使句時(shí)，反問句一般用will you，表示請(qǐng)求或建議對(duì)方作某事，詢問對(duì)方是否愿意。

　　注：當(dāng)祈使句為“Let’s ...”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，用shall we 反問。

　　Drive more slowly, will you?

　　Let’s walk out of the library quietly, shall we?

　　5. 回答：看陳述句的肯定部分，當(dāng)事實(shí)為肯定時(shí)，用Yes;事實(shí)為否定時(shí)，用No。

　　當(dāng)陳述句為否定句時(shí)，把否定部分忽略，只看肯定部分的意思。

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