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初二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)

時(shí)間: 淑航658 分享

  英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的掌握是學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的重要步驟。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家收集整理初二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí),相信這些文字對(duì)你會(huì)有所幫助的。

  初二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)(一)

  主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)比被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)直接而有力,多用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),可以使文章充滿(mǎn)朝氣,呈現(xiàn)活力。在下列兩組句子中, (b)比(a)有力:

  (1)a.My first visit to New Zealand will always be remembered by me.

  b. I will always remember my first visit to New Zealand.

  (2)a.The crowing of cocks could be heard at dawn.

  b. The cocks' crow came with dawn.

  雖然如此,在某些情況下,非用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不可。前此已提過(guò)這事,這里不再重述。這里只有指出其中一點(diǎn),就是有些動(dòng)詞,如 "base, schedule, expect, suppose" 等,通常以被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式出現(xiàn)。

  例如:

  (1)This survey was based on facts.

  (2)The last train is scheduled to leave at 9pm.

  (3)You are expected to come on time.

  (4)All are supposed to work hard.

  除了上述這些動(dòng)詞之外,還有十種,幾乎都以被動(dòng)式出現(xiàn)。

  (一)有關(guān)“疾病”的動(dòng)詞,如:

  (1)Helen's left lung is infected.

  (2)He is confined to the house by illness.

  (3)The old man was seized with sudden chest pains.

  (二)有關(guān)“疲乏”的動(dòng)詞,如:

  (4)I am completely exhausted after the game.

  (5)Tom was done up after the race.

  (三)有關(guān)“喜樂(lè)”的動(dòng)詞,如:

  (6)The children were fascinated by the toys.

  (7)We were delighted to hear the good news.

  (8)I am very pleased to see you here.

  (四)有關(guān)“延遲”或“障礙”的動(dòng)詞,如:

  (9)The workers were held up by the heavy rain.

  (10)The road was blocked by ice.

  (11)The train was delayed by 30 minutes.

  (五)有關(guān)“慣性動(dòng)作”的動(dòng)詞,如:

  (12)Tom is addicted to smoking.

  (13)Foreign workers are quite used to hard work.

  (六)有關(guān)“煩惱”或“焦急”的動(dòng)詞,如:

  (14)Who was upset by John?

  (15)Mother was annoyed to know this.

  (七)有關(guān)“驚奇”或“震驚”的動(dòng)詞,如:

  (16)I was surprised to see him here.

  (17)All were shocked to hear the bad news.

  (八)有關(guān)“包圍”的動(dòng)詞,如:

  (18)The troops were surrounded.

  (19)Troy was besieged.

  (九)有關(guān)“沾污”或“污化”的動(dòng)詞,如:

  (20)Judy's reputation is tarnished.

  (21)The water was contaminated with oil.

  (十)有關(guān)“害怕”或“混亂”的動(dòng)詞,如:

  (22)All were frightened out of their wits.

  (23)He was puzzled about what to do next.

  要注意的一點(diǎn)是,上面這十類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有些已漸漸失去了動(dòng)詞力量,轉(zhuǎn)化為慣用語(yǔ)。

  初二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)(二)

  連接詞及其用法

  從結(jié)構(gòu)上說(shuō),英語(yǔ)連接詞分兩大類(lèi):并列連詞(coordinating conjunctions)和從屬連詞(subordinating conjunctions)。

  并列連詞連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上地位平等的字、詞組或分句。例如:(1)Air and water are indispensable to me.

  (2)She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.

  (3)Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.

  從屬連詞連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的分句,形成復(fù)雜句中的從屬分句。例如:

  (4)He said that he did not want to go .

  (5)Many things have happened since I last saw him.

  (6)You may come if you want to.

  上述連詞的用法,看起來(lái)不難,但錯(cuò)誤也難免。下面是些好例子:

  (1)This book may be used both as a text as well as a reference book.

  這里的“as well as”和“both”不能搭配,應(yīng)該將“as well ”改為“and”,使“both……and……”變成關(guān)聯(lián)連詞( correlative conjunction)

  (2)He not only speaks Mandarin but also English.

  這里的“not only”應(yīng)該移到“speaks”后面,使這個(gè)動(dòng)詞兼顧兩個(gè)等立賓語(yǔ):“Mandarin”和“English”。

  (3)Although he is fat, but he is very weak.

  英語(yǔ)里的“although”和“but”是不見(jiàn)面的 ,因此這句里的“ but”要去掉,不然“although”就要出來(lái)。

  (4)Jim is not so strong like you.

  這里的“not so”必須和“as”連成一體;介詞“like”是不適宜的。

  (5)No sooner had we reached our destination, they left.

  "No sooner"必須和"than" 配成關(guān)聯(lián)連詞,把"than" 省掉是不對(duì)的,應(yīng)該補(bǔ)上:

  No sooner had we reached our destination than they left.

  這句子的意思也可透過(guò)“as soon as”反映出來(lái):

  “As soon as we reached our destination, they left.”

  (6)I took a taxi and which took me to the station.

  這里的并列連詞“and”是多余的,必須去掉。如果要保留“and ”也可,但是形容詞分句里的關(guān)系代詞“Which”要改成主語(yǔ)“it” ,使整個(gè)句子變成并列分句如下:

  I took a taxi and it took me to the station.

  (7)My friend came up to me and held my hand, said good-bye excitedly.

  這里的“and”應(yīng)該用來(lái)連接最后兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)才對(duì):

  My friend came up to me, held my hand, and said good-bye excitedly.

  不然,就要把“said”改成“saying”。

  My friend came up to me and held my hand, saying good-bye excitedly.

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