仁愛版英語八年級上冊知識點(diǎn)
知識是智慧的火花，能使奮斗者升起才華的烈焰;知識是春耕的犁鏵，一旦手入生活的荒徑，就能使田地地芳草萋萋，碩果累累。下面小編給大家分享一些仁愛版英語八年級上冊知識點(diǎn)，希望能夠幫助大家，歡迎閱讀!
仁愛版英語八年級上冊知識1
We should learn teamwork.
【重點(diǎn)單詞】
1. 詞形轉(zhuǎn)換
(1) adj. + ly → adv.
loud → loudly soft → softly quiet → quietly
clear → clearly angry → angrily easy → easily
(2)過去式
fall → fell break → broke lose →lost throw → threw feel → felt
(3)
ill (同義詞)sick (名詞)illness
start(同義詞)begin
far(反義詞)near
smoke(現(xiàn)在分詞)smoking
careless(反義詞)careful
important(比較級) more important
enjoy(現(xiàn)在分詞)enjoying
9.invent(名詞)invention; inventor
indoor(反義詞)outdoor
century(復(fù)數(shù))centuries
coach(復(fù)數(shù))coaches
feel (名詞)feeling
tiring(近義詞)tired
【重點(diǎn)短語】
1. have a soccer game 進(jìn)行一場足球賽
2. fall ill 病倒了
3. be a little far from… 離……有點(diǎn)遠(yuǎn)
4. right away = at once 立刻;馬上
5. miss a good chance 錯(cuò)過一個(gè)好機(jī)會
6. get/miss a goal 得到/失去一分
7. shame on sb. 為某人感到羞恥
8. do one’s best 盡某人的力
9. say sorry to sb. 對某人說抱歉
10. be sure to do sth. 確定做某事
11. be angry with… 生某人的氣
12. with one’s help= with the help of sb. 在某人的幫助下
13. serve food 上菜
14. turn up/down… 調(diào)高/低(音量)
15. keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人一直做某事
16. in a minute 一分鐘后;馬上
17. on the phone 在電話中
18. take a seat 就坐
19. never mind 不要緊
20. a lot of traveling 一系列旅行
21. love/enjoy doing sth. 喜愛做某事
22. have a very exciting life 過著非常興奮的生活
23. as well 也
24. throw…into… 把……投進(jìn)……
25. follow/obey the rules 遵守規(guī)則
26. over a century later 一個(gè)多世紀(jì)后
27. more and more people 越來越多的人
28. feel tired 感到疲勞
29. instead of… 替代……
30. ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
31. make a plan for sb. 為某人訂一份計(jì)劃
32. build up 增進(jìn);增強(qiáng)
33. have fun doing sth. 樂于做…..做某事
34. be important to 對于......來說是重要
35. in a minute/ at once/ right away 立刻/馬上
【重點(diǎn)句型】
1. Could you please do me a favor? = Could you help me? = Could you give me a hand? 你能幫我嗎?
2. Would you mind teaching me? = Would you please teach me? 你教我好嗎?
3. Would you mind not smoking here? 你不要在這里抽煙好嗎?
4. You are always so careless. 你總是這樣粗心大意.
5. I’m very sorry for what I said. 我為所說感到到道歉。
6. We are sure to win next time 下次，我們一定回贏。
7. Let me buy you a new one. = Let me buy a new one for you. 讓我為你買一個(gè)新的。
8. He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play it even in bad weather. 他為他的學(xué)生們發(fā)明了一項(xiàng)室內(nèi)運(yùn)動以便他們甚至在惡劣的天氣也能玩。
9. And you can throw it with one hand or both hands.你能用一只手或兩只手投擲它。
10. I have great fun running and I feel well and look fit 我總是快樂地跑步和我感到很好，看上去很健康。
【考點(diǎn)詳解】
1. ill 與 sick 都表示 “生病的”, ill只能作表語，而sick既可作表語也可作定語。
The man is ill/sick. 那個(gè)男人病了. (作表語)
He is a sick man. 他是個(gè)病人. (作定語)
2. Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示“(不)做某事介意/好嗎?”
Would you mind coming and checking it? 來修理它好嗎?
Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在這兒吸煙好/介意嗎?
3. one of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示 “其中之一……”, 主語是one，表單數(shù)。
One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一個(gè)隊(duì)友又高又壯。
4. miss 錯(cuò)過，思念，遺失
I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我錯(cuò)過最后一班車.
He missed his mother. 他想念他的母親.
My God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊! 我把鑰匙弄丟了.
5. be sure to do sth. = be sure that + 句子 “確定做某事”
We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time.
我們確信下次一定會贏。
6. be sorry for… “為某事抱歉”
be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子 “很抱歉做了某事”
I am very sorry for what I said. 我為我所說的話感到抱歉。
I’m sorry I lost your book. = I’m sorry to lose your book. 很抱歉弄丟你的書。
7. tired adj. “(感到)疲憊的” , 主語是人。
如：I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了.
tiring adj. “令人疲勞的”, 主語是事物
如：This job is tiring. 這份工作令人疲憊.
類似的有: excited 感到興奮的 exciting 令人興奮的
interested 感到有趣的 interesting 有趣的
8. 15-year-old “15歲的”;15 years old “15歲”
如：He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old.
9. instead “替代，相反”, 一般單獨(dú)使用，放在句末，前面用逗號隔開。
instead of…“替代……;而不是……”
I won’t go to Shanghai. I’ll go to Beijing, instead. 我不會去上海而會去北京。= I’ll go to Beijing instead of Shanghai.
I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了許多牛奶而不是水。
10. have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “從做…….中獲得樂趣”
如：I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我總能在跑步中得到很大樂趣。
仁愛版英語八年級上冊知識2
Topic1 I’m going to play basketball.
【重點(diǎn)單詞】
1. healthy(同義詞)fit(名詞)health
2. win(過去式)won(名詞)winner
3. ski(現(xiàn)在分詞)skiing
4. famous(比較級)more famous
5. arrive(同義詞)reach
6. leave(過去式))left
7. popular(最高級)most popular
【重點(diǎn)短語】
1. during the summer holidays在暑假期間
2. between…and…在兩者之間
3. cheer sb. on為某人加油
4. prefer doing sth.更喜歡做某事
5. quite a bit/a lot很多
6. plan to do sth.計(jì)劃做某事
7. have a skating club舉辦滑雪俱樂部
8. go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking去滑雪/滑冰/騎車/爬山/遠(yuǎn)足
9. arrive in/at到達(dá)
10. play against…與……對抗/較量
11. for long很久
12. leave for…動身去…
13. the day after tomorrow后天
14. China’s national team中國國家隊(duì)
15. play baseball打棒球
16. at least至少
17. What a shame! 多羞愧!
18. be good at善于做某事
19. take part in參加
20. all over the world全世界
21. be good for對……有益
22. a good way一種好方法
23. keep fit/healthy保持健康
24. relax oneself放松某人自己
【重點(diǎn)句型】
1. What’s your favorite sport? = What sport do you like best? 你最喜愛的運(yùn)動是什么?
2. Which sport do you prefer? = Which sport do you like better?你更喜歡什么運(yùn)動?
I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更喜歡滑雪.
3. Do you skate much? = Do you often skate? 你?；﹩?
4. She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day. 每天她至少花半小時(shí)在體育館.
5. She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good at jumping. 她棒球打得相當(dāng)好而且擅長于跳.
6. What kind of sports do you like? = Which sport do you like? 你喜歡哪種運(yùn)動?
7. Would you like to come and cheer us on? 你愿意來為我們加油嗎?
8. What are you going to be when you grow up? 當(dāng)你長大后做什么?
9. There is going to be a school sports meet next month.下月有一場運(yùn)動會。
【考點(diǎn)詳解】
1. see sb. do sth “看見某人做了某事” 強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的全過程;
see sb. doing sth. “看見某人正在做某事” 強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行。
如：I saw her go across the street. 我看見她過了馬路。
I saw her going across the street. 我看見她正在過馬路。
2. join sb. 表示 “加入某人的行列”“和某人在一起”
join + 組織 表示 “加入某個(gè)組織”
take part in 表示 “參加某個(gè)活動”
如：Will you join us?
I will join the skiing club.
She is planning to take part in the high jump.
3. arrive in + 大地點(diǎn)
arrive at + 小地點(diǎn)
get to + 地點(diǎn) = reach + 地點(diǎn)
如：My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday.
I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the Great Wall.
注意：reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home
4. leave… 離開……
leave for… 動身去…/離開到…
如：They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他們要離開北京。
They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他們要前往日本。
5. a few“幾個(gè)，一些” 修飾可數(shù)名詞
a little“一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)” 修飾不數(shù)名詞
如：There are a few eggs in the basket.
There is a little water in the bottle.
6. how long 表示“多久(時(shí)間)”; 提問時(shí)間段.
how often 表示 “多常; 多久一次”; 提問時(shí)間的頻率.
如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. → How long will they stay in Beijing?
He plays basketball twice a week. → How often does he play basketball?
7. be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅長于(做)某事 如：She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball.
8. make sth/sb + adj. 使某物(某人)在某種狀態(tài)
keep …sth/sb + adj. 保持某物(某人)在某種狀態(tài)
如：Playing soccer can make your body strong.
Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.
【重點(diǎn)語法】
一般將來時(shí)
1. be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)
① 表示主語計(jì)劃、打算做某事。這種打算常經(jīng)過預(yù)先考慮并含有自己做好某些準(zhǔn)備的意思，因此通常認(rèn)為用be going to表達(dá)的行動很可能會見諸實(shí)踐。
I’m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.
我打算本周日和同學(xué)們一起打籃球。
She is going to buy a sweater for her mother.
她打算為她媽媽買一件毛衣。
②表預(yù)測，指根據(jù)跡象推測，而且馬上或很快就要發(fā)生。
Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain.
瞧那些烏云!快要下雨了!
2. will + 動詞原形
表示單純的將來事實(shí)，常與表將來的時(shí)間狀語如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year…)等連用。will not = won’t; 縮略形式為’ll.
① 表示作出立即的決定。這種意圖并未經(jīng)過事先的考慮或計(jì)劃，是臨時(shí)的一種決定。
---Please put your things away, Tom. 湯姆，把你的東西收拾好。
---I’m sorry. I’ll do it right away. 對不起。我馬上就去做。
② 表示預(yù)測。指說話人對于將來的看法、假設(shè)和推測。
I’m sure our team will win next time. 我確信下次我們隊(duì)會贏。
Maybe she will go to the gym. 也許她會去體育館。
③ 表示許諾。
I’ll do better next time. 下次我會做得更好的。
I’ll visit you tomorrow. 明天我會去看你的。
句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.
否定句：I/She/He/They won’t go to play baseball soon.
一般疑問句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?
回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they won’t.
3. 動詞plan, come, go, leave等瞬時(shí)動詞用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的事。
I’m coming. 我就來。
He is leaving for Shanghai. 他將到上海去。
We are going to Beijing. 我們將去北京。
仁愛版英語八年級上冊知識3
The school sports meet is coming.
【重點(diǎn)短語】
1. join the English club 加入英語俱樂部
2. host the 2008 Olympics 舉辦2008年奧運(yùn)會
3. fill out 填出/填好
4. go on 發(fā)生，進(jìn)行
5. all the interesting places 所有有趣的地方
6. quite a lot 相當(dāng)多
7. make friends with… 與……交朋友
8. be afraid of 恐怕
9. be free 有空
10. see you then 再見
11. win the first gold medal 贏得第一枚金牌
12. get 28 gold medals 獲得28枚金牌
13. the winner of the first gold medal 第一枚金牌的獲勝者
14. every four years 每四年，每隔三年
15. the mascot for the Beijing Olympics 北京奧運(yùn)會的吉祥物
16. behave well 舉止得體
17. improve the environment 改善環(huán)境
18. plant trees and grass 種植花草樹木
19. a symbol of… 一種……的象征
20. stand for 代表
21. the five parts of the world 世界的五大部分
22. do morning exercises 做早操
23. be fond of (doing) sth. 喜歡(做)某事
【重點(diǎn)句型】
1. Could you tell me your name? 你能告訴我你的名字嗎?
= What’s your name?
2. What do you do? = What’s your job? = What are you? 你是干什么的?
3. Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics. 北京將主辦2008年奧運(yùn)會。
4. More and more foreign friends ride in my taxi (= take my taxi) now. 現(xiàn)在越來越多的外國朋友搭我的出租車.
5. Speaking English will help me a lot. 說英語將對我有很大幫助。
6. Please fill it out. 請把它填好.
7. What will the weather be like this weekend? = How will the weather be this weekend? 本周末的天氣怎樣?
8. There will be more roads in Beijing. 在北京將會有更多的馬路.
9. When shall we meet? 我們什么時(shí)候見面?
10. Let’s make it half past six. 咱們把時(shí)間定在六點(diǎn)半吧。
【考點(diǎn)詳解】
1. fill out + 名詞 “填好……”
fill + 名詞/代詞+out
如：Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 請?zhí)詈眠@張表格。
Please fill it/them out. (當(dāng)賓語是代詞時(shí), 只能放中間) 請把它(們)填好。
2. be afraid…“恐怕” 指有禮貌地、委婉地拒絕別人.
be afraid of…“害怕(做)……”
如：I’m afraid I won’t be free. 我恐怕沒有空。
He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗。
They are afraid of losing the game. 他們害怕輸了比賽.
3. may be“可能是……” may是情態(tài)動詞
maybe“或許; 可能” maybe是副詞
如：He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名老師。
He may know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字。
4. between 在兩者之間
among 在三者或三者以上當(dāng)中
如：The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B 之間。
The winner is among of us. 獲勝者在我們當(dāng)中。
5. There be 句型的一般將來時(shí)
正：There will be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
= There is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
誤：There will have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
= There is going to have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
【交際用語】
提建議的句型：
Would you like to go hiking with us? 你想和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足嗎?
What/How about going hiking with us? 和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足怎么樣?
Why don’t you go hiking with us? 你為什么不和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足呢?
Why not go hiking with us? 為什么不和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足呢?
Let’s go hiking. 讓我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足吧!
Would you mind going hiking with us? 你介意和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足嗎?
Would you please go hiking with us? 和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足好嗎?
仁愛版英語八年級上冊知識4
You should see a dentist.
【重點(diǎn)短語】
1. have a cold/a toothache /a fever/a cough/a backache/a stomachache/a sore throat /the flu /sore eyes
感冒/牙疼/發(fā)燒/咳嗽/背疼胃疼/咽喉發(fā)炎/流感/眼疼
2. take a rest=have a rest 休息
3. not read for too long 不要看書太久
4. boiled water 開水
5. stay in bed 臥病在床，躺在床上
6. have a good sleep 好好睡一覺
7. feel terrible 感覺難受
8. day and night 日日夜夜
9. You'd better=You had better 你最好…
10. not so well 很不好
11. not too bad 沒什么大礙
12. much better 好多了
13. go to see a doctor 去看病
14. take/have some medicine 吃藥
15. take…to… 把…帶到…
16. send-…to… 把…送到…
17. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶
18. lie down 躺下
19. look after=take care of 照看，照顧
20. brush teeth 刷牙
21. have an accident 發(fā)生一次意外/事故
22. don't worry 別擔(dān)心
23. worry about 擔(dān)心
24. nothing serious 沒什么嚴(yán)重，沒什么大礙
25. check over 診斷，仔細(xì)檢查
26. thank you for 因…而感謝你
27. buy…for… 為…買…
28. not…-until… 直到…才…
29. ice cream 冰淇淋
30. both…and… ...和…都是......
31. take some cold pills 吃感冒藥
32. plenty of 許多，大量
【重點(diǎn)句型】
1. What's wrong with you/him/her?你/他/她怎么了?
=What's the matter with......?=What's the trouble with......?
2. You should see a dentist. 你應(yīng)該去看牙醫(yī)。
這是一種表達(dá)建議的句子。還可以用以下句式：
you'd better(not)...
how/what about...
why not/don't you...
3. I'm sorry to hear that. 聽到這個(gè)消息我很難過。(這是表示同情別人的句子。)
4. You look pale. 你看起來很蒼白。
(1)在英語中表示氣色不好，蒼白，用pale
(2)“l(fā)ook ”在這里譯作“看起來”，作連系動詞，后接形容詞。
與look用法相同的連系動詞還有 tast ，sound ，smell ，feel 。如：
The soup tastes very delicious. 這湯嘗起來真香。
Your voice sound nice. 你的聲音聽起來很動人。
The flowers smell sweet. 這些花聞起來很香。
The silk feels smooth 絲綢摸起來很光滑。
5.---Shall I take you to the hospital? 我送你去醫(yī)院吧?
---No,thank you. 不用，謝謝。
6. I'll take some medicine and see how it goes. 我打算先吃藥看看情況再說。
“goes”在這里指事情的進(jìn)展。“it ”用來代指病情。如：
How is everything going? 一切進(jìn)展如何?
Everything is going well. 一切進(jìn)展順利。
7. You'd better drink hot tea with honey. 你最好喝加蜂蜜的熱茶。
tea with honey 加了蜂蜜的茶，with表示一種伴隨狀態(tài)。類似的表達(dá)還有：
some coffee with sugar and milk 加了牛奶和糖的咖啡
some tea without sugar 不加糖的茶
8. Michael had an accident yesterday. 昨天邁克發(fā)生了事故。
had an accident 發(fā)生了事故
9. But my left leg still hurts when I move it. 可是當(dāng)我挪動腳時(shí)，還是有點(diǎn)兒疼。
句中“hurt”譯為“疼痛”，作不及物動詞。后不可接賓語。
10. Your X-rays show it's nothing serious. 你的X光照片顯示沒什么嚴(yán)重的問題。
nothing serious 沒什么嚴(yán)重的
nothing ，something ，anything等不定代詞，被形容詞修飾時(shí)，形容詞位于其后。
11. Stay in bed and don't move your leg too much. 躺在床上，不要總是挪動你的腿。
12. Michael's friends bought some chocolate for him . 邁克的朋友給他買了一些巧克力。
buy sth for sb. 雙賓語的運(yùn)用。使用雙賓語時(shí)，在人賓前需要使用介詞，有時(shí)用“to”有時(shí)用“for ”，這與動詞本身有關(guān)，表示動詞的方向，多用“to”，表示動詞的目的，多用“ for ”
give sth to sb. pass sth to sb.
bring sth to sb. take sth to sb.
cook sth for sb. buy sth for to sb .
13. ...but I couldn't read them until today. 但是直到今天我才讀了它們。
not...until... 直到......才...... until 在肯定句動詞一般用延續(xù)性動詞，在否定句中動詞一般為短暫性動詞。如：
He will wait for his father until ten o'clock.他將等他父親一直到10點(diǎn)鐘。
He won't leave until his father comes. 他直到他父親回來才離開。
【重點(diǎn)語法】
1. had better 的形式和用法
1) 固定短語had better具有情態(tài)意義，也可以看作情態(tài)動詞。譯為“最好”，它只有一種形式，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后常跟動詞原形，是給人提出建議的一種方式。如：
You had better go to see the doctor. 你最好去看醫(yī)生。
You'd better eat a lot of fruit and drink plenty of water. 你最好多吃水果，多喝水。
2)Had better的否定結(jié)構(gòu)為 had better not。如：
You'd better not eat hot food. 你最好別吃辛辣的食物。
You'd better not work today. 你今天最好別工作。
2. shall的用法
1) 作助動詞時(shí)，英式英語中表示將來，可與第一人稱連用，但在口語中所有人稱都用will。如：
I shall/will be in New York this time next week .下周這個(gè)時(shí)候我就在紐約了。
注意：美語則不管什么人稱，一律用will。
2)作情態(tài)動詞時(shí)表征詢意見，用于第一人稱的疑問句中。如：
Shall I take you to the hospital? 要不要我?guī)闳メt(yī)院?
What shall we do this weekend? 這個(gè)周末我們要作什么呢?
仁愛版英語八年級上冊知識5
I must ask him to give up smoking.
【重點(diǎn)短語】
1. stay up late 熬夜
2. be bad for 對......有害
3. be good for 對......有益
4. too much 太多，過分
5. do morning exercises 做早操
6. keep long fingernails 留長指甲
7. play sports right 進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)捏w育鍛煉
8. go to school without breakfast 不吃早餐去上學(xué)
9. have a bath 洗澡
10. take a fresh breath 呼吸新鮮空氣
11. read ...about... 讀關(guān)于......
12. Ren'ai English Post 仁愛英語報(bào)
13. ask sb to do 叫某人做某事
14. give up 放棄
15. read in the sun 在太陽底下看書
16. throw litter about 亂扔垃圾
17. on the lawn 在草坪上
18. put...into... 把......放進(jìn)......
19. exercise on an empty stomach 空腹鍛煉
20. get into 進(jìn)入
21. keep the air clean and fresh 保持空氣清新
22. wash hands before meals 飯前洗手
23. potato chips 炸薯?xiàng)l
【重點(diǎn)句型】
1. Staying up late is bad for your health. 熬夜有害健康。
1) stay up late 熬夜
2) be bad for 對......有害。
類似的短語還有： be good for 對......有好處
3) staying up late is... 動名詞作主語。當(dāng)我們需要一個(gè)動詞充當(dāng)主語時(shí)，常用此動詞的動名詞(即doing)形式。如：
Playing basketball is good for your heath. 打籃球?qū)δ愕纳眢w有好處。
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 躺在床上看書對眼睛有害。
Swimming is my hobby. 游泳是我的愛好。
2. It will keep you active during the day. 它會使你在白天保持活力。
keep sth/sb .+adj. 保持某物/某人在某種狀態(tài)。如：
keep your fingersails clean 保持你的指甲干凈。
keep our streets clean 讓街道保持干凈。
3. Different foods help us in different ways. 不同的食物對我們有不同的作用.
in different ways譯為“用不同的方式”。
4. If we eat too littele or too much food...如果我們吃太少或太多食物......
little 少得幾乎沒有，表否定，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
a little 有一些，表示肯定，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
與 little ，a little類似的用法的還有 few， a few 。
few少得幾乎沒有，表否定，修飾可數(shù)名詞。
a few有一些，表示肯定，修飾可數(shù)名詞。
5. Walking is good exercise and it is necessary for good health. 散步是很好的鍛煉，它是身體健康必不可少的。
be necessary for 對......來說是必不可少的 如：
Sunshine is necessary for our life. 陽光對于我們的生活來說是必不可少的。
Food is necessary for life. 食物是生命所必需的。
【重點(diǎn)語法】
1. 情態(tài)動詞must及其否定形式 must not
must 譯為“必須做......”其否定意義“不必做......”，用don't have to/needn't/don't need to表示，而不用must not 。如：
——Must Ifinish it tonight?
——No, you don't have to.
must not 譯作“禁止做......”。如：
You must not throw litter about.=Don't throw litter about.別到處亂扔垃圾。
2. 情態(tài)動詞may
①表示請求允許，譯作“可以”。如：
May I come in? 我可以進(jìn)來嗎?
②表示推測，譯作“可能”。如：
You may get a headache when you work too hard. 當(dāng)你工作太累時(shí)你可能回感到頭疼。
You may get a headache when you can't get enough sleep. 當(dāng)你睡眠不足時(shí)，你可能會頭疼。
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