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　　考研英語閱讀原文

　　A deal is a deal—except, apparently, when Entergy is involved.

　　The company, a major energy supplier in New England, provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced

　　it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations.

　　Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not:

　　challenge the constitutionality of Vermont's rules in the federal court,

　　as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running.

　　It's a stunning move.

　　The conflict has been surfacing since 2002, when the corporation bought Vermont's only nuclear power plant, an aging reactor in Vernon.

　　As a condition of receiving state approval for the sale, the company agreed to seek permission from state regulators to operate past 2012.

　　In 2006, the state went a step further, requiring that any extension of the plant's license be subject to Vermont legislature's approval.

　　Then, too, the company went along.

　　Either Entergy never really intended to live by those commitments, or it simply didn't foresee what would happen next.

　　A string of accidents, including the partial collapse of a cooling tower in 2007 and the discovery of an underground pipe system leakage,

　　raised serious questions about both Vermont Yankee's safety and Entergy's management

　　especially after the company made misleading statements about the pipe.

　　Enraged by Entergy's behavior, the Vermont Senate voted 26 to 4 last year against allowing an extension.

　　Now the company is suddenly claiming that the 2002 agreement is invalid because of the 2006 legislation,

　　and that only the federal government has regulatory power over nuclear issues.

　　The legal issues in the case are obscure:

　　whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have some regulatory authority over nuclear power,

　　legal scholars say that Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend.

　　Certainly, there are valid concerns about the patchwork regulations that could result if every state sets its own rules.

　　But had Entergy kept its word, that debate would be beside the point.

　　The company seems to have concluded that its reputation in Vermont is already so damaged that it has noting left to lose by going to war with the state.

　　But there should be consequences. Permission to run a nuclear plant is a public trust.

　　Entergy runs 11 other reactors in the United States, including Pilgrim Nuclear station in Plymouth.

　　Pledging to run Pilgrim safely, the company has applied for federal permission to keep it open for another 20 years.

　　But as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) reviews the company's application, it should keep it mind what promises from Entergy are worth.

　　考研英語閱讀翻譯

　　協(xié)議就是協(xié)議——但顯然的，Entergy公司就是個例外。

　　該公司是新英格蘭地區(qū)的一家主要能源供應(yīng)商。當(dāng)它上星期宣布將違背“遵守嚴(yán)格的核安全條例”這一長期許諾時，

　　在佛蒙特州激起了憤怒，這種憤怒合乎情理。

　　然而，Entergy公司恰恰做出了它過去一直承諾不會做的事：

　　在聯(lián)邦法庭上質(zhì)疑佛蒙特州核規(guī)則的合憲性。

　　這是它為了使佛蒙特州揚基核電廠繼續(xù)運營而做出的拼死努力的一部分。

　　這是一個驚人之舉。

　　當(dāng)2002年時，公司在弗農(nóng)買下佛蒙特州僅有的核電廠，一個日漸老化的反應(yīng)堆，這場爭議便已浮出水面。

　　作為政府允許買賣的條件，公司當(dāng)時同意，2012年以后的運營許可證須向州立監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)申請。

　　在2006年，政府更進(jìn)一步，該核電廠的任何延期申請，都需該州立法機(jī)構(gòu)的批準(zhǔn)。

　　當(dāng)時，該公司也同意了。

　　或者是Entergy從未想過要遵守那些約定，或者是它沒有預(yù)料到接下來所發(fā)生的事情。

　　一連串的事故，包括2007年冷卻塔的局部塌陷、地下管道系統(tǒng)的泄漏，

　　人們對佛蒙特州揚基核電廠的安全性以及Entergy公司的管理產(chǎn)生了質(zhì)疑

　　尤其在管道事故錯誤性的陳述之后。

　　由于被Entergy的行為激怒了，去年，佛蒙特州參議院以26:4否決了它的延期申請。

　　現(xiàn)在，該公司由于2006年法規(guī)突然聲明2002的條約無效，

　　但只有聯(lián)邦政府才有對核問題制定規(guī)章的權(quán)力。

　　此案件中的法律問題還模糊不清：

　　雖然最高法院判定州政府對地方核電廠有管理權(quán)，

　　法學(xué)者認(rèn)為佛蒙特州一案將為“州政府的權(quán)力究竟有多大”提供一個先例。

　　當(dāng)然，假如各州都設(shè)立自己的法規(guī)，“補(bǔ)丁法規(guī)”的擔(dān)憂也是合理的。

　　但如果Entergy遵守約定，這場爭議便也就毫不相關(guān)了。

　　這家公司看起來已經(jīng)推斷自己在佛蒙特州的榮譽盡毀，繼而一無所有，所以堅持與政府對抗。

　　但這也僅僅是推斷。允許使用核能源是公眾的信任。

　　Entergy在美國經(jīng)營了包括普利茅斯的核圣地在內(nèi)的11種其他的反應(yīng)堆。

　　為了安全地經(jīng)營圣地的安全，公司向聯(lián)邦許申請繼續(xù)開放20年。

　　但是，當(dāng)核條約組織審核公司應(yīng)用使，它應(yīng)當(dāng)注意Entergy所應(yīng)允的是否值得。

　　考研英語閱讀詞語解析

　　pilgrim['pilgrim]n. 朝圣者

　　Pilgrim: 1620年移居

　　misleading[mis'li:diŋ]adj. 令人誤解的

　　outrage['autreidʒ]n. 暴行，侮辱，憤怒

　　vt. 凌辱，激怒

　　extension[iks'tenʃən]n. 伸展，延長，擴(kuò)充，電話分機(jī)

　　patchwork['pætʃwə:k]n. 修補(bǔ)工作，拼湊的東西，混雜物

　　permission[pə'miʃən]n. 同意，許可，允許

　　challenge['tʃælindʒ]n. 挑戰(zhàn)

　　v. 向 ... 挑戰(zhàn)

　　conflict['kɔnflikt]n. 沖突，矛盾，斗爭，戰(zhàn)斗

　　vi. 沖突，爭

　　commitment[kə'mitmənt]n. 承諾，保證; 確定，實行

　　corporation[.kɔ:pə'reiʃən]n. 公司，法人，集團(tuán)

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