考研英語閱讀理解2013年真題
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考研英語閱讀原文
In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep,
scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn't affect her.
Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant's sweater
descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.
This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn't be more out of date
or at odds with the feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline's three-year indictment of "fast fashion".
In the last decade or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo
to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.
Quickier turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent releases, and more profit.
Those labels encourage style conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meant to last only a wash or two,
although they don't advertise that—and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.
By offering on-trend items at dirt cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles,
shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.
The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers.
For H&M to offer a $ 5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world,
it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.
Overdressed is the fashion world's answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan's The Omnivore's Dilemma.
“Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,” Cline argues.
Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year--about 64 items per person
and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.
Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont,
who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes— and beautifully.
But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can't be knocked off.
Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment
including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line.
Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer.
She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy.
Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can't afford not to.
考研英語閱讀翻譯
在2006年上映的《穿普拉達(dá)的女王》中，由Meryl Streep出演的Miranda Priestly
臭罵她那個(gè)毫無魅力的助手，因?yàn)樗尤徽J(rèn)為高級(jí)時(shí)尚影響不到她。
Priestly解釋道，這個(gè)助理的外套竟然是深藍(lán)色的，
這個(gè)款式從時(shí)裝秀場(chǎng)淪落到百貨商場(chǎng)再走上打折貨攤，毫無疑問，這蠢丫頭在那里淘到了那件衣服。
這種自上而下的觀念太過時(shí)了，
或者說它與Elizabeth Cline在歷時(shí)三年完成的《過度裝扮》一書中描述的那個(gè)狂熱的世界完全不同。
近十年，科技的進(jìn)步使得Zara、H&M、Uniqlo等大眾品牌
能更快地追上潮流，更精準(zhǔn)地預(yù)測(cè)需求。
更快的周轉(zhuǎn)期意味著更少的庫存浪費(fèi)，更頻繁的上新，也意味著更多的利潤(rùn)。
這些時(shí)裝廠商鼓勵(lì)追求時(shí)尚的消費(fèi)者把時(shí)裝變成一次性消費(fèi)品--頂多洗兩次就扔，
盡管他們沒有明確打廣告--過幾周就更新一次衣柜。
Cline稱，通過超低價(jià)銷售時(shí)裝，這些廠商破壞了時(shí)尚周期，
動(dòng)搖了時(shí)尚潮流隨季節(jié)變化的步伐。
當(dāng)然，這么頻繁更新，折騰的不光是服裝設(shè)計(jì)師。
以H&M為例，他們?cè)谌蛴?300多家分店，若想同時(shí)推出一款售價(jià)為5.95美元的針織迷你裙，
只能依賴低工資的海外勞動(dòng)力與消耗自然資源的批量訂單，并大量使用有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)。
《過度裝扮》其實(shí)就是對(duì)像Michael Pollan’s所著的《雜食動(dòng)物的困境》這一類活躍的消費(fèi)類暢銷書的回應(yīng)。
Cline琳認(rèn)為，大量的生產(chǎn)的衣服，就和快餐一樣，能對(duì)付饑餓和需求，卻不持久且浪費(fèi)。
她發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國人一年購置服裝多達(dá)二百億件，相當(dāng)于每人六十四件，
不管他們花了多少錢，這種過度買衣服就會(huì)導(dǎo)致浪費(fèi)。
在《過度裝扮》書末，Cline琳介紹了她理想中的人，一位叫做Sarah Kate Beaumont，住在布魯克林的女士，
這位女士從2008年開始所有的衣服都是自己做的，而且衣服都做得很漂亮。
不過Cline也承認(rèn)，Beaumont花了幾十年來完善她的手藝，以她做例子，難以服眾。
盡管幾個(gè)快時(shí)尚公司都在設(shè)法控制他們對(duì)勞工和環(huán)境的影響，
包括H&M推出了Conscious Collection系列衣服。
Cline認(rèn)為只有客戶能帶來持久的改變。
Cline指出，不管是在食物還是在能源上，可持續(xù)性的倡導(dǎo)都太理想化了。
虛榮是常態(tài)，人們只有在沒法兒承擔(dān)不合理購物的影響時(shí)才會(huì)合理購物。
考研英語閱讀詞語解析
encourage[in'kʌridʒ]vt. 鼓勵(lì)，促進(jìn)，支持
unattractiveadj. 不吸引人注意的;沒有魅力的;不美麗的
renew[ri'nju:]v. 更新，重新開始
bin[bin]n. 箱柜，[計(jì)] DOS文件名， 二進(jìn)制目標(biāo)文件
frequent['fri:kwənt]adj. 經(jīng)常的，頻繁的 vt. 常到，常去
constant['kɔnstənt]adj. 經(jīng)常的，不變的 n. 常數(shù)，恒量
inventory['invəntri]n. 詳細(xì)目錄，存貨(清單) vt. 編制
idealism[ai'diəlizəm]n. 唯心論，唯心主義，觀念論，理想主義
collection[kə'lekʃən]n. 收集，收取，聚集，收藏品，募捐
accustomed[ə'kʌstəmd]adj. 習(xí)慣了的，通常的
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