考研英語閱讀理解真題全文
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考研英語閱讀原文
Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure,
younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success, a latest poll has found.
Across generational lines, Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life,
including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties.
But while young and old mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life,
they offer strikingly different paths for reaching it.
Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work,
to believe they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs,
to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life,
to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children,
and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.
From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession,
those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life,
from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics.
Young and old converge on one key point:
Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations.
Whlie younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today,
big majorities in both groups believe those "just getting started in life"
face a tougher a good-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.
Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today.
Schneider, a 27-yaear-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after graduating from college.
Even now that he is working steadily, he said."
I can't afford to pay ma monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out to people to mark that happen."
Looking back, he is struck that his parents could provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed college when he was young."
I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with parents who didn't have college degrees,"Schneider said.
"I don't think people are capable of that anymore."
考研英語閱讀翻譯
一項(xiàng)最新的民意調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，面對經(jīng)濟(jì)和人口結(jié)構(gòu)的巨大變化，
年輕的美國人正在尋找21世紀(jì)的成功之道。
縱觀歷代美國人，他們?nèi)匀煌瞥绾芏嗖蛔兊某晒ι畹膫鹘y(tǒng)里程碑，
包括結(jié)婚、生子、安家落戶和在60多歲的時(shí)候退休。
盡管年輕人和老年人通常對于什么構(gòu)成了充實(shí)人生的終點(diǎn)持相同意見，
但他們就實(shí)現(xiàn)充實(shí)人生的方式有著截然不同的看法。
該調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，比起老年人，那些仍然處在生活起跑線的年輕人更加推崇他們在工作中的個(gè)人成就，
更加認(rèn)同通過定期換工作來推進(jìn)職業(yè)生涯，
更喜歡具備更多公共服務(wù)的社區(qū)和更加快節(jié)奏的生活，
更堅(jiān)信夫妻在結(jié)婚或者撫育孩子之前應(yīng)該有經(jīng)濟(jì)上的保障，
更主張父母雙方都在外工作才可給孩子提供最好的生活。
從職業(yè)到社區(qū)到家庭，這些鮮明的對比表明，在嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條的余波之后，
那些人生剛剛起步的人正在明確需要優(yōu)先處理的重要事項(xiàng)和期望，它們幾乎會(huì)逐漸延伸至美國生活的方方面面，
小到消費(fèi)者喜好到住房模式，大到政治。
年輕人和老年人在關(guān)鍵的一點(diǎn)上見解相同：
兩個(gè)陣營的絕大多數(shù)人都認(rèn)為，比起前幾代人，今天年輕人的人生起步更加艱難。
盡管相比他們的長輩，對于現(xiàn)在處于起步階段的人的前景，在某種程度上年輕人更加樂觀一些，
但兩個(gè)陣營的多數(shù)人都認(rèn)為，相比之前的幾代人，“人生剛剛起步”的人在獲得諸如
擁有薪酬豐厚的工作、成家、管理債務(wù)以及找到經(jīng)濟(jì)適用的住房等標(biāo)志性成就上會(huì)更加困難。
皮特·施耐德認(rèn)為，現(xiàn)今這段攀登之路更加艱難。
施耐德是一位來自芝加哥郊區(qū)的27歲的汽車技師。他說自己從大學(xué)畢業(yè)后就努力找工作。
即使現(xiàn)在他工作穩(wěn)定，
他說：“我自己負(fù)擔(dān)不起每月的住房貸款，所以我不得不把房子出租給別人，這樣才能支付月供。”
回首以前，他感到不可思議：在他年輕的時(shí)候，他的父母居然有能力給他們的孩子提供一個(gè)舒適的生活，即使他們沒有一個(gè)上過大學(xué)。
施耐德說：“我的父母沒有大學(xué)文憑，但我依舊能成長在一個(gè)中產(chǎn)階級偏上的家庭，
我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在的人們再也無法做到了。”
考研英語閱讀詞語解析
affordable[ə'fɔ:dəbl]adj. 支付得起的，不太昂貴的
mortgage['mɔ:gidʒ]n. 按揭，抵押貸款
vt. 抵押
spread[spred]v. 伸展，展開，傳播，散布，鋪開，涂撒
community[kə'mju:niti]n. 社區(qū)，社會(huì)，團(tuán)體，共同體，公眾，[生]群落
survey[sə:'vei]v. 調(diào)查，檢查，測量，勘定，縱覽，環(huán)視
capable['keipəbl]adj. 有能力的，足以勝任的，有 ... 傾向的
prospectsn. 預(yù)期;前景;潛在顧客;遠(yuǎn)景展望
overwhelming['əuvə'welmiŋ]adj. 勢不可擋的，壓倒的
retiring[ri'taiəriŋ]adj. 靦腆的，隱居的，不喜社交的 動(dòng)詞retire的
fulfillment[ful'filmənt]n. 滿足，完成，履行
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