小學(xué)英語(yǔ)五年級(jí)下冊(cè)重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法大全
小學(xué)英語(yǔ)五年級(jí)下冊(cè)重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法大全
重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
1. 概念:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。
2. 構(gòu)成:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成主要有兩種形式:
(1)be型:句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只有be(am,is或are):
a.肯定句中,只出現(xiàn)be,如:
I am a student.我是一名學(xué)生。
b.否定句中,要在be后面加not,如:
She isn't a teacher.她不是教師。
c.一般疑問(wèn)句,要將be放在句子開(kāi)頭(注意句首字母大寫(xiě)),句尾用問(wèn)號(hào),答語(yǔ)用Yes,主語(yǔ)+be.或No,主語(yǔ)+ be + not.如:
—Are you ready?—你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎?
—Yes,I am.—是的,我準(zhǔn)備好了。
(—No,I'm not.—不,我沒(méi)準(zhǔn)備好。)
(2)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞型:句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(也叫行為動(dòng)詞):
a.肯定句中,只出現(xiàn)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,如:
I get up in the morning.我早晨起床。
b.否定句中,要在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前面加do(does)+not,do(does)作助動(dòng)詞,本身無(wú)意義,常與not縮寫(xiě)成don't(doesn't),如:
I don't like vegetables.我不喜歡蔬菜。
c.一般疑問(wèn)句,要在句子開(kāi)頭加助動(dòng)詞Do(does),句尾用問(wèn)號(hào),簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)用Yes,主語(yǔ)+do(does).或No,主語(yǔ)+do(does)+not.如:
—Do you like oranges?—你喜歡桔子嗎?
—Yes,I do.—是的,我喜歡。
(—No,I don't.—不,我不喜歡。)
3. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法
1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常與表示頻腮度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at7 every morning.
2) 客觀真理,客觀存在,科學(xué)事實(shí)。
The earth moves around thesun.
Shanghai lies in the eastof China.
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必?cái) ?/p>
注意:此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句中,即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
例:Columbusproved that the earth is round..
4) 現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性。
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes goodEnglish but does not speak well.
比較:NowI put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
一般將來(lái)時(shí)
一、概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。
句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):tomorrow, next day(week,month, year…),soon,
the day aftertomorrow(后天)等。
二、基本結(jié)構(gòu):① be going to + do;②will+ do.
三、否定句:在be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are)后加not或will后加not成won’t。
例如:I’m going to have a picnicthis afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑問(wèn)句: be或will提到句首,some改為any, and改為or,第一二人稱互換。
例如:We are going to go on anouting this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。一般情況,一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。
1. 問(wèn)人。Who
例如:I’m going to New York soon. →Who’sgoing to New York soon.
2. 問(wèn)干什么。What … do.
例如: My father is going towatch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with youthis afternoon.
3. 問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When.
例如:She’s going to go to bed atnine. →When is she going to bed?
六、同義句:be going to = will
I am going to goswimming tomorrow(明天). = I will goswimming tomorrow.