2022南京夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞英語(yǔ)
南京夫子廟位于南京市秦淮區(qū)秦淮河北岸貢院街、江南貢院以西，即南京孔廟、南京文廟、文宣王廟，為供奉祭祀孔子之地，是中國(guó)第一所國(guó)家最高學(xué)府，也是中國(guó)四大文廟之一。接下來是小編為大家整理的關(guān)于南京夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞英語(yǔ)，方便大家閱讀與鑒賞!
南京夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞英語(yǔ)1
"Wild grass and flowers by the Zhuque bridge, sunset at the entrance of Wuyi Lane..." This is my first understanding of Confucius temple when I was a child.
I don't know. I'm scared. If you are a tourist, have been to Nanjing, but have not been to the Confucius Temple, it is really in vain!
Confucius Temple is a famous scenic spot in Nanjing with a long history. The Confucius Temple is close to the Qinhuai River, the mother river of Nanjing, just like the Yangtze River and Yellow River in China. Qinhuai river rippling, sparkling, water from time to time out of the lovely fish, sitting on the boat of Confucius Temple to see the scenery, do not have a taste.
To see the Confucius Temple, you must come in the evening. At this time, the Confucius Temple is full of bright lights and colorful neon lights. It looks like the aurora in the sky of the city. At this moment, people come to the Confucius Temple regardless of the fatigue of the night. Hungry? Ha ha, no problem! Folloe me! Duck blood vermicelli soup, chicken juice soup bag, mutton kebab, not enough to KFC! McDonald's also has! And Nanjing stinky tofu and other classic snacks By the way! There are salted duck! Salted duck is a specialty of Nanjing! Welcome to taste! One of the salted duck is called osmanthus duck, which is improving on the level of salted duck, with the fragrance of osmanthus. Confucius Temple is not the "No.2 lion bridge". It's just food. There are many fashionable shops for you to visit. Of course, your eyes will not be idle. The Confucius Temple is an ancient building long ago, which contains the flavor of old Nanjing. The exquisite carving on the walls and the gorgeous national pattern on the roof are so beautiful. In addition, the Qinhuai River at night is even more beautiful. The clear water reflects the starry night sky, green trees, buildings, and the colorful lights, which make the Qinhuai River colorful.
On the Lantern Festival, the Confucius Temple is full of people. There are small shops selling lanterns in the streets, including lovely rabbit lanterns, ancient horse lanterns and Kongming lanterns. In addition to lanterns, there are many lantern shops in the Confucius Temple during the Lantern Festival. Lantern Festival has big and small, big inside sesame, small bubble sugar water, are very delicious.
We believe that not only the Confucius Temple, but also Nanjing, a city with a long history, will have a better future!
南京夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞英語(yǔ)2
Located in the south of Jiankang road in Nanjing City, it mainly refers to the Confucius Temple, Xuegong and Gongyuan, but the streets around these three buildings are traditionally called Confucius Temple. In the area of about 0.5 square kilometers from pingjiangfu road in the east to Zhanyuan road in the west, there are more than 300 shopping malls and shops, 2 cinemas and many hotels and amusement parks, etc., and there is an underground commercial street of about 10000 square meters underground. It can be said that Confucius Temple is a multi-functional service center integrating tourism, culture, commerce, catering and entertainment. More than 150000 people attended the festival, especially during the Jinling Lantern Festival. In 337, the Prime Minister Wang Dao built a school Palace on the North Bank of the Qinhuai River, which is the earliest building of Confucius Temple.
In 1032, Emperor Renzong built Confucius Temple and Confucius Temple in front of the Academy. Later, it was destroyed several times and rebuilt several times due to war. The present building was rebuilt in 1984. It reproduces the style and landscape of Jiangnan market in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Confucius Temple is a place for offering sacrifices to Confucius, covering an area of 26300 square meters. Zhaobi is located on the South Bank of Qinhuai River. It is 10 meters high and 110 meters long. The top of the wall is covered with small cylinder green tiles and the four corners are slightly tilted. Its length is the longest in China.
There is a crescent shaped panchi on the north bank and a row of carved stone railings built in the Ming Dynasty on the bank. On the east side of the stone fence is kuiken pavilion with three floors and six flying angles; on the north side is Wenshu square with four pillars and three gates, with four gold characters "Tianxia Wenshu" engraved in the middle; on the west side is Juxing pavilion with double eaves and carved ridge flying angles, and in front of Dacheng gate is Lingxing gate with six pillars and three gates. The buildings here all have the word "Star", which means that the stars of the world are gathered here. Dachengmen is an ancient building with a beam and a bucket. It has a Dragon Ridge and three doors standing side by side. Each door has 45 studs and a faucet ring. On the left and right sides of the gate stand four stone tablets of the Southern Qi, yuan and Song Dynasties, and on both sides of the inner courtyard are corridors connecting the Dacheng hall. Dacheng hall is the main building of Confucius Temple. It is 16.2 meters high, 27.3 meters wide and 20.9 meters deep. It has seven Ying double eaves, four slopes and five ridges. The standing carving of dragon and pearl on the main ridge is the first in China. With 56 huge stones in the hall, it is majestic and spectacular. In front of the hall, the bronze statue of Confucius in Danlong, 4.18 meters high, is the highest in China. Outside the walls on both sides of the East and West are the East and West markets carefully planned and designed according to the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, mainly dealing in antique jade, four treasures of the study, famous calligraphy and paintings and tourist souvenirs. Located at the back of Dacheng hall, the academy is composed of Mingde hall, Zunjing Pavilion, Chongsheng temple, Qingyun tower and other buildings. It is the highest Academy in ancient state capital. Mingde hall is the main hall of the Academy, which is now a playground.
From Wenshufang to the East, you can see a square three story wooden structure building with a bucket arch and cornice Mingyuan building. It is the central building of the former Jiangnan Gongyuan. It is the place to monitor examinees and issue orders during examinations. On both sides of the courtyard behind the building are the imperial examination houses of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The house is about 1.5 meters long and wide. There are only two boards on the top and the bottom, with tables on the top and benches on the bottom. The examinees eat, drink and sleep in this narrow space for a few days. All the food they bring in should be checked, and even the steamed bread should be cut to prevent cheating. In its heyday, Jiangnan Gongyuan covered an area of more than 70000 square meters, with 20644 houses, the largest scale of Gongyuan in China. Mingyuanlou is now known as "Jiangnan Gongyuan site", which is a provincial cultural relic protection unit. The Confucius Temple in history used to be an abnormal bustling city, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, when it opened in autumn, tens of thousands of candidates (up to 20000 people) gathered here, so bookstores, teahouses and inns came into being, and restaurants and brothels also proliferated. At that time, some streets and alleys on the South Bank of the Qinhuai River were the "gentle townships" and "gold selling caves" for the children of rich families. There were also many famous prostitutes, such as Li Xiangjun and Dong Xiaowan, known as "Qinhuai eight beauties". Today, Meixiang building is rebuilt at 38 chaoku street, which is open to visitors as Li Xiangjun's former residence.
Wu Jingzi, a famous writer in Qing Dynasty, once lived on the Bank of Qinhuai River. After 19 years, he wrote a famous book "scholars' history" which criticized the imperial examination system. On the site of his former residence, Qinhuai Water Pavilion, a building of the style of river hall and river house in Ming and Qing Dynasties has been built, which is called "Qinhuai family" hotel. There are folk activities such as antique wedding and so on. At present, more than 100 kinds of traditional snacks have been discovered. With foreign fast food such as KFC and McDonald's, visitors can enjoy them. Jinling Lantern Festival is even more famous. It's called the Lantern Festival on the 12th and the Lantern Festival on the 18th of the first month of the lunar calendar. In fact, since the beginning of the new year, people have been buying, selling and watching lanterns. There are dozens of colorful lanterns, which make people dazzled and confused.
南京夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞英語(yǔ)3
Ladies and gentlemen. During yesterday's tour, I arranged for you to visit such places of interest as Zhongshan Mausoleum, Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, Linggu Temple and the former site of the presidential palace. Today, I will take you to Qinhuai River and Confucius Temple. Qinhuai River tourist area is located in the south of the old urban area of Nanjing. It takes about 20 minutes to get there by bus from the urban area. It is a tourist destination with Confucius Temple as the center, integrating sightseeing, shopping and tasting, displaying the style and features of the ancient city and ethnic customs.
[origin and historical changes of Qinhuai River]
Qinhuai River is a river that once played an important role in the political, economic and cultural development of the ancient city of Nanjing. It is said that the Qinhuai River is an artificial canal ordered by the first emperor of Qin Dynasty. When the first emperor of Qin Dynasty visited Kuaiji in the East, in order to facilitate the navigation of ships, he ordered to dig Fangshan to connect the Huaihe River with the Yangtze River. However, according to geological investigation, Qinhuai River is a natural river with a long history. At that time, the ancient river did pass through Fangshan. However, due to geographical changes, the river changed its course and gradually formed the present river. The Qinhuai River in history has a wide channel. Since Yang xingmi, king of Wu in the Five Dynasties, built the stone city in the area of changganqiao, the river began to narrow and was divided into the inner and outer Qinhuai River. The Inner Qinhuai River flows from the city of dongshuiguan, through the Confucius Temple, and then from the city of xishuiguan in the south of Shuiximen to join the outer Qinhuai River. The total length of the river is 10 kilometers. This is the "Ten Mile Qinhuai River" that has been praised and visited by countless scholars and scholars since ancient times. Li Bai, Liu Yuxi and Du Mu, the great poets of Tang Dynasty, wrote poems for her. Kong Shangren's Peach Blossom Fan and Wu Jingyang's scholars also vividly described the "ten li Qinhuai River".
Compared with the Yangtze River, which flows through the north of Nanjing City, the ancient Qinhuai River is very small, but it is closely related to the birth and development of Nanjing City, as well as the political, economic and cultural development of Nanjing area. As early as five or six thousand years ago in the Neolithic age, there have been human reproduction. So far, as many as 50 or 60 relics of primitive villages have been found along both sides of the river. In the Six Dynasties and the early Ming Dynasty, the feudal court always regarded it as a natural barrier for the capital and a natural passage for the imperial palace. After the establishment of the capital Jianye (Nanjing), Sun Quan of the eastern Wu Dynasty used to make "gate ponds" on both sides of the Qinhuai River, which could not only resist the enemy, but also prevent floods. Since the Six Dynasties, both sides of the Qinhuai River in the area of Confucius Temple have been prosperous places with dense residents and connected markets. The Qinhuai River has served as the main channel for foreign trade in Nanjing, with boats and boats shuttling through the river. It is said that in the old days, there were many song houses and restaurants on both sides of the Qinhuai River, the river houses and water pavilions were full of splendor, the yacht paintings were well lighted, and the rich and noble lived a life of pleasure and money. The working people, especially the vast number of women, had a good taste of the bitterness of the world. At that time, prostitutes in Nanjing were mostly concentrated on both sides of the Qinhuai River. Li Xiangjun, a famous prostitute who is not afraid of power and nobility, is described in Peach Blossom Fan by Kong Shangren, a dramatist in Qing Dynasty. She lives by wendeqiao on the South Bank of Qinhuai River.
The beautiful Qinhuai River once flowed the loneliness of the wild age, the prosperity and extravagance since the Six Dynasties, the dirt of the old society, the blood and tears of the working people, and even the blood of the Nanjing Massacre. However, today's Qinhuai River, after the precipitation of history and the transformation of the people, has exuded the fragrance of health and civilization, showing a clear and moving style. It is the witness of Nanjing's history. No wonder people used to take "Qinhuai" as the pronoun of Nanjing.
[Qinhuai boat - Banchi - Zhaobi of Confucius Temple - Square in front of the temple - Lingxing gate]
Ladies and gentlemen: now we come to the Bank of the Qinhuai River. The painted defenses in the river are all made in the style of Ming Dynasty architecture, with big red balls and red lanterns hanging on the bow. Whenever the Lantern Festival, Nanjing people used to come here to enjoy the lights. It is said that after the establishment of the capital of Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanjin paid a visit to the capital. When he came to the Bank of the Qinhuai River, he saw trees on both sides of the river, clear water, pavilions and pleasant scenery. He said casually, "I'm sorry for the lack of boats in the river." When the emperor opened the golden gate, he sent people all night to build the boat in order to win the favor of the emperor. Since then, Qinhuai painting has become a major feature here. Especially in the Mid Autumn Festival, tens of thousands of lanterns are in full bloom on the river, and dragon lanterns are dancing on both sides of the river. Songs, drums, cheers and laughter are continuous all night. It can be said that "Qinhuai is the best in the world". No wonder there is a folk saying in Nanjing that "every family walks on the bridge, everyone looks at the light".
This section of Qinhuai River in front of us has become a Confucius Temple (Confucius Temple) and panchi since the Song Dynasty, also known as crescent moon. In ancient times, the Imperial Academy was called Biyong, and the princes' Academy was called Pangong. The Confucius Temple Academy was equivalent to the place where the princes gave lectures, so this pool was called "panchi". Generally, there are three stone bridges built on panchi. According to the grade, county officials and students take the middle one, and scholars take the bridges on both sides. It is said that in ancient times, a scholar mistakenly went to Zhongqiao. He was in a dilemma and had to jump into panchi by himself.
Please look at a section of vermilion stone brick wall on the other side of the river. This is the screen wall of Confucius Temple. Zhaobi was built in the third year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (Li Ze Nian), 110 meters long, which is the highest Zhaobi in the whole family. Ladies and gentlemen, this Confucius Temple was built in 337, the third year of emperor chengdi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. At that time, Emperor chengdi adopted the advice of Wang Dao: "the cultivation of talents is the most important thing in governing the country", and decided to establish the University on the Bank of Qinhuai river. In the first year of Jingpai (1034), the Confucius Temple was built on the basis of Xuefu. Therefore, Confucius Temple is a bustling city evolved from a cultural and educational center. It includes three main buildings: Confucius Temple, Academy and Gongyuan. Its scope is adjacent to the North Bank of Qinhuai River in the south, the east end of Jiankang road in the north, Yaojia Lane in the East and Sifu Lane in the West. Although the Confucius Temple was destroyed many times, it was built and expanded in different dynasties. By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the structure and layout of its pavilions and temples were the best in the southeast. The present Confucius Temple is partly rebuilt in the late Qing Dynasty and partly rebuilt in recent years. Please look back. This pavilion style building is called Kuixing Pavilion. It was first built in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. The waterfront building was destroyed twice and rebuilt in 1985.
Now we come to the square in front of the temple opened up in the Qing Dynasty. There are two steles standing at the East and West ends of the square, about one foot high, on which are engraved two words in Manchu and Chinese: "Minister of culture and military dismounts here", which shows respect for the sage Confucius. The pavilion with six corners and double eaves on the left is called "star gathering Pavilion", which means that all the stars are concentrated and talents are gathered. It was built in the 14th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1586), but it was not rebuilt until the 8th year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1869). This is the only Qing Dynasty building that survived the Japanese artillery fire. Unfortunately, it was demolished as "four old" in 1968 and rebuilt in 1983, restoring its original style. The memorial archway in the middle of the square is called "Tianxia Wenshu archway". Please continue to follow me. This gate is called Lingxing gate, which is the gate of Confucius Temple. It is said that TA Xing is the star in charge of education in the sky. He is convenient and happy. The gate is a stone structure with six columns and three gates. It was built in 1480, the 16th year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty. It was later destroyed and rebuilt in 1870. However, the polar gate we see now was rebuilt in 1983. The East and west sides of the gate are the East and West markets.
南京夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞英語(yǔ)4
Hello, everyone! Welcome to Nanjing Confucius Temple. The Confucius Temple is located on the Bank of Qinhuai River in the south of the city. It is a historic site and tourist attraction that Nanjing people are proud of. It is a prosperous place where culture, commerce, sightseeing center and Temple market are integrated.
Confucius Temple, also known as Confucius Temple and Confucian temple, is a place to offer sacrifices to Confucius, a famous educator and thinker in China. Confucius was honored as Confucius in ancient times, so his temple is commonly known as "Confucius Temple". Due to the orthodox status of Confucianism, its founder Confucius was highly respected by the rulers and scholars of feudal society. There were more than one Confucius temples all over the country. As a place for feudal scholars to worship, Confucius Temple is mostly arranged together with educational facilities (such as school palace, Gong Yuan, etc.), that is, the so-called temple is attached to school, usually in front or on one side of the school palace.
Historically, there were three Confucius temples in the urban area of Nanjing, one in the compound of the current municipal government and the other in the Chaotian Palace. Now we are going to visit the third and most famous place. It was moved from Chaotian Palace in the first year of Jingyou of Song Dynasty (1034). At first, it was Jiankang school, Jiqing road school in Yuan Dynasty, Guoxue in Ming Dynasty, yingtianfu school in Qing Dynasty, and Jiangning school and Shangyuan school in Qing Dynasty. It was destroyed in the Xianfeng Period, rebuilt in the Tongzhi period (1869), and burned by the Japanese during the Anti Japanese war. The existing Confucius Temple was rebuilt in the early 1980s. It uses the former temple and the later school, Confucius Temple in the front and the Academy in the back, and the later Gong Yuan is arranged on the left side of the Academy. Therefore, the relatively complete pattern of Confucius Temple in Nanjing includes three parts, namely, Confucius Temple, Academy and Gongyuan. The North-South central axis with Dacheng hall as the center and the main buildings on both sides and the Jiangnan Gongyuan exhibition hall with Mingyuan building as the center have become the main tourist spots in the Confucius Temple area.
Due to its long history and convenient water transportation, Confucius Temple area has become a famous "beautiful place" and a place where celebrities live in ancient Nanjing before the appearance of Confucius Temple. Therefore, in addition to the main scenic spots mentioned above, there are also scenic spots such as Wu Jingzi's former residence, ancient taoyedu, Cuiyuan, one hundred year old shop Street, wendeqiao, Wang Xie's former residence, Wuyi lane, meixianglou, etc.
Now we are standing at the starting point of the central axis of Confucius Temple - Confucius Temple Square. Looking around, there are panchi, Zhaobi and mufang in the south, Juxing Pavilion, KuiGuang Pavilion and business district in the East and West, Dacheng hall in the central axis and the East and West cities on the East and west sides of Confucius Temple in the north, which form the unique atmosphere of Confucius Temple area different from other cities, that is, the pattern of Temple market integration in history.
Look at the river in front of the square. It's called Qinhuai River. It's the mother river of Nanjing people. It's 110 kilometers long and gave birth to the early Nanjing civilization. The section that flows through the square is a part of the Inner Qinhuai River. When the temple was built, it was transformed into panchi, named after the water flowing through the Confucius Temple in Qufu. A red wall on the south bank is a large screen wall built in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (1575). It is 110 meters long and majestic. It is the largest screen wall in China. Zhaobi played a role of shelter and decoration, which was the beginning of the whole Confucius Temple complex. The stone railings on the North Bank of panchi were built in Zhengde (1514) of the Ming Dynasty. After many vicissitudes, they became the only best preserved ancient architectural sketch in the Confucius Temple complex, which had been repaired before the Anti Japanese war. Here, visitors take a rest on the fence and enjoy the beautiful scenery of Qinhuai.
The Wende bridge on the west side of panchi is now hanbaiyu bridge. It got its name from the Confucian school's advocacy of article morality. Because the direction of the bridge is the same as that of the meridian, every November 15 of the lunar calendar, when the bright moon is in the sky and you look down from the railing, you can see the shadow of the bridge on both sides of the bridge. The bright moon in the river is divided into two and a half months, which is called "Wen de Fen Yue". Wu Jingzi recorded it in his book scholars. If you have a chance, you might as well come to Wende bridge on November 15 of the lunar calendar to have a look.
A group of Hui style buildings at the entrance of South Wuyi lane of wendeqiao is called "Wangxie ancient residence". As the settlement area of Wang Xie and Wang Xie in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it has a great influence, especially the verses of Wu Yi Xiang, the famous work of Liu Yuxi in Tang Dynasty, which makes Wu Yi Xiang and Wang Xie's former residence very famous, and now it is "the historical and cultural exhibition Hall of Six Dynasties in Nanjing." You can visit it when you have time.
Now, to the north of the stone column is the newly rebuilt Tianxia Wenshu square, which indicates that it is the cultural center of Tianxia. Three doors and four pillars, quite spectacular. In ancient times, it corresponded to the Lingxing gate at the back, which was used for the emperors to go on a pilgrimage to worship Confucius. The high gate square in the middle was the royal road where the emperor was lucky to come. It was used for the princes of the county to go in and out. The ordinary officials and subjects could not pass through, so it was usually closed with wooden fences.
The star gathering Pavilion on the west side of the square in front of the temple has a hexagonal cornice, which is simple and elegant. It looks like a two-layer structure with double cornices on the outside. In fact, it has only one floor. The name of the pavilion is the gathering of stars and talents. In the East, the small courtyard facing the water is KuiGuang Pavilion. The Kuixing Pavilion in the pavilion has three floors and six sides, and faces Qinhuai River. The scenery is unique. In ancient times, there was a saying of "Kui Zhu Wen". Kuixing, or Kuixing, is a sign of prosperity of the literary movement and a symbol of winning the first place in the imperial examination. Therefore, Kuixing was regarded as a God by the students of the past dynasties. KuiGuang Pavilion and Juxing Pavilion look at each other from the east to the west, echoing each other and integrating into one.
The stone square gate in the north of the square in front of the temple is the first gate of the Confucius Temple - Lingxing gate, with six columns and three gates. It is simple and beautiful, and the lintel in the middle is engraved with the seal character "Lingxing gate". Lingxing is the "Wenxing" in ancient astronomy. The reason why it is named is to show that scholars in the world gather here. The brick relief inlaid with peony pattern between the three doors is exquisitely carved and gorgeous. The top of the stone column is made of cloud plate, which means Huabiao, as a sign. This is the gate for the emperor to worship Confucius.
After passing the Lingxing gate, we came to the Dacheng gate of Dacheng hall.
Dachengmen, also known as Jimen, is the main gate of Confucius Temple, with Zhijing gate on both sides. In feudal times, only officials could get in and out of dachengmen, while ordinary scholars could only get in and out from other doors. Entering the gate, there are four ancient steles on the left and right: in the East, there are the stele of fengzhisheng's wife in 1331, the remnant stele of Jiqing Confucius Temple in 1330, and the stele of kongyuwenli in 484, which was moved by the municipal government. This book is based on the picture stele of Confucius asking for rites.
On both sides of the courtyard and corridor are arranged eight of Confucius' twelve students, namely min sang, ran Geng, ran Qiu, Duan Muzi, ran Yong, Zai Yu, Yan Yan and Zhong you. They are all carved from white jade of Han Dynasty. They are very devout and lifelike.
Looking forward, the platform in front of the Dacheng hall is Danlong, commonly known as the terrace. It is 1.4 meters high, 21.8 meters wide from east to west, and 14.0 meters long from north to south. It is surrounded by stone railings, 24 cloud looking pillars, and stone lanterns are set at the two corners of the platform. This terrace is used for sacrifice, singing and dancing. The statue of Kongyu in the middle of the terrace is particularly eye-catching. It's made of bronze, 4.18 meters long and weighs 37 tons. It's exquisitely made, lifelike, full-bodied, with a kind and deep face. The eyebrows reveal the wisdom of a great thinker and leave a very deep impression on people. On both sides of the terrace, there were two verandas, which were used to worship the memorial tablets of the 72 sages in Confucius' gate and to store sacrificial, ceremonial and dancing utensils. Now it is reduced to a small two veranda and changed into a stele gallery. There are more than 30 steles with ink marks of famous calligraphers such as Zhao Puchu, Lin Sanzhi and Wu Zhongqi, which are displayed for tourists to enjoy.
At the end of the terrace is the majestic main hall of Confucius Temple Dacheng hall, which is 16.22 meters high, 27.3 meters wide and 27.9 meters deep. It is an antique building on the top of chongcaoxie mountain. Under the eaves of the front, there is a sea blue vertical plaque, which reads "Dacheng hall". Confucius is the most sage and forerunner of Dacheng, and Dacheng refers to Confucius. The word "Dacheng" comes from "notes. Learning notes", which is the highest level of learning. It can also be seen in Mencius wanzhang. "Confucius is the sage of time. Confucius called it jidacheng. " There is a beautiful standing sculpture of "double dragons playing with pearls" in the bird's kiss on the roof, which is the first of its kind in China; The light and beautiful tendency of the roof covered with green tiles is obviously different from the magnificent tendency of the yellow glazed tiles used in the roof of the northern Confucius Temple. It is more easygoing and popular. This is also one of the performances of Nanjing Confucius Temple closer to popular culture, or "do as the Romans do". The whole building is magnificent with double eaves, crisscross brackets, seven couplets in the hall, 26 wooden columns in the corridor, 16 lattice doors in the front and back, and purlins in the inner hall. In the center of the hall, there is a 6.5-meter-high and 3.5-meter-wide portrait of Confucius, the largest in China. On the front two sides of the portrait, there are another four of the 12 students, namely Mencius, Kongji, Zengshen and Yanhui. In front of the portrait, there are also ancient musical instruments such as Gong, Qin, wokonghou, chime, Bianzhong, guzheng and drum.
38 inlaid murals reflecting Confucius' life stories are hung on the surrounding walls, which are called "Confucius' holy trace". They are made of inner jade from Zhejiang, Fujian, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Qinghai, Guangxi, Guangdong and other provinces (regions), famous crystals from jixueleng, Shoushan stone, feicuilv, zhoucunleng and precious jewelry such as gold, jewelry, Luodian, etc. by 2oo craftsmen in Yueqing, Zhejiang Province. It takes three years The total investment is 5.8 million yuan. The picture adopts the Chinese classical panoramic composition method, supplemented by the detailed description of textual research, with fine workmanship, natural color, rich three-dimensional sense, giving people a sense of lifelike magic. Each sheet is 2.5 meters high and 1.3 meters wide. There are 408 figures in the painting. The shape is natural and lifelike. The 38 murals are the picture of the holy trace, the preface to the title, the prayer of Nishan, the Qilin Yushu, the Erlong Wulao, the Juntian Shengjiang, the zudou Xueli, the functionary commissar, the name Rongfu, the functionary Chengtian, the questioner Laofu, Wenshao in Qi, Yan Yingju Feng in Yan, the retreat of Shishu, Jiagu Huiqi, returning to Tian xiegouo, zhushaozhengmao; the female music Wenma, and Yingu Qulu. Help people out. In Song Dynasty, people felled trees, attacked the Falcon, struck the chime by Shiwei, learned to play Qin by Xiang, drove back to Xihe, asked linggong about Chen, Zilu about Jin, in chenjueliang, zixijufeng, songqiuling, Xingtan ritual music, kneeling by Chihong, Xishou Huolin, Mengdian Liangying, Zhiren biegui, Han Gaosi to Lu. This is just like the couplet in the temple, which says that "Qi Bei Si Shi Xing heaven and earth, ghosts and gods, sun and moon are in accordance with their virtue; teach the world to follow Yao, Shun, Yu and Tang Wenwu as teachers". The truth is that "the Tao of heaven and earth runs through the ancient and modern times, and the six classics are deleted and listed in the Constitution for all ages.".
From the north gate of Dacheng hall, you can enter Xuegong district through Dongshi.
Dongshi and Xishi have been changed from the East and West passageways which used to enter and leave the academy to the places where the ships can sell goods on the Qinhuai River. Now they have become the most distinctive places for arts and crafts, cultural goods sales and cultural activities in the Confucius Temple area.
The school palace was a place to cultivate talents in feudal times. There were different levels, such as county school, government school (road school, state school, etc.) and national school. They were all adjacent to Confucius Temple, which showed the orthodox status of Confucianism in building the country and cultivating self. The school palace includes Mingde hall, Zunjing Pavilion, Jingyi Pavilion, Chongsheng temple and Qingyun tower. Entering the gate of the school is the ancient Mingde hall. It is a place for scholars to listen to their tutors' preaching of holy teachings and instructions (ethics and government decrees) after their monthly pilgrimage to the sun (i.e. Confucius), so as to cultivate their loyalty and patriotism. As for the name of mingdetang, some tourists may ask that there is only "Minglun hall" in the Confucius Temple complex. Why Nanjing Confucius Temple is an exception, which is called "mingdetang"? Indeed, in Nanjing Confucius Temple, mingdetang was originally also called "Minglun hall". It was just Wen Tianxiang, the Prime Minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, who was imprisoned when the yuan army was about to conquer Nanjing, in order to show that he would rather die than surrender He changed "Ming Lun Tang" into "Ming De Tang" in order to show his loyalty to the country and serve the people. Zunjing Pavilion, built in the middle of Ming Dynasty, is 18.7 meters high, with double eaves and T-shaped ridges on the top of the mountain. It is an extraordinary Hall for storing Confucian classics and teaching lectures. It is now an exhibition hall of folk customs. Standing side by side with Zunjing pavilion are Chongsheng temple and Qingyun tower. Zunjing academy is divided into two sides behind Zunjing Pavilion. In the Qing Dynasty, Qingyun building was changed into a library, and Zunjing Academy was used as a lecture center, which is equivalent to the classroom now. The small highland behind the Zunjing Pavilion, called Weishan, has a Jingyi Pavilion. All Confucian temples in the world have Jingyi Pavilion. It began in the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. In the pavilion, the emperor's motto of "Jingyi Zhen" was set up as the motto of the students. The so-called "respect one" is the dedication to Confucianism.
After touring the Academy, walk tens of meters to the East past Gongyuan West Street, which is Jiangnan Gongyuan. During this period of time, I would like to introduce to you some other information about the Confucius Temple. In addition to the buildings of Confucius Temple, there are more noticeable folk customs, characteristic markets and snacks in the area.
Dear friends, this is the end of the tour of Confucius Temple. Thank you for your support and cooperation!
南京夫子廟導(dǎo)游詞英語(yǔ)5
Hello, everyone! Today we are going to visit the Confucius Temple on the Bank of Qinhuai River. Speaking of Confucius Temple, we have to talk about Qinhuai River, the mother river of Nanjing people. Qinhuai River, also known as huaishui, Xiaojiang and longzangpu, is the ancient origin of Nanjing culture. It enters the city from dongshuiguan and leaves the city from xishuiguan. It flows through the section about ten li in front of the Confucius Temple, so it is called "ten li Qinhuai". From ancient times to the present, both sides of the Qinhuai River are a prosperous scene. Du Mu's poem in the Tang Dynasty says: "smoke cage, cold water cage, sand cage, Night Mooring Qinhuai near the restaurant. Business women do not know the hatred of national subjugation, but they still sing "the flowers in the back court" across the river. After liberation, with the vigorous construction of Nanjing municipal government, today's ten mile Qinhuai River has become a national 5A scenic spot showing the unique style of Jiangnan.
The Confucius Temple consists of Confucius Temple, Academy and Gongyuan. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the imperial court built the Academy here; in the Song Dynasty, the Confucius Temple was expanded on the former site of the Academy; in the Southern Song Dynasty, the imperial examination hall Gongyuan was opened. However, the Confucius Temple was destroyed and built five times in history. The last one was destroyed in 1937 by the Japanese invaders. Today's Confucius Temple was rebuilt after 1984.
Temple Square (2 minutes)
Dear tourists, now we come to the square in front of the Confucius Temple. The integration of temple and market is one of the most remarkable characteristics of Confucius Temple. The square is a temple in the vertical direction and a city in the horizontal direction. The temple and market are integrated into a unique atmosphere. The red wall behind you is called Zhaobi, which has the functions of shielding, avoiding evil spirits and decoration. It is 110 meters long and is the largest in China. The semicircular pool in front of Zhaobi is called panchi. In ancient times, the place where the emperor lectured was called Biyong, the school palace where the princes lectured was called panchi, and the school palace of Confucius Temple was equivalent to the place where the princes lectured. Therefore, this pool is called panchi. The bridge on the west side of panchi is called Wende bridge, which is named for the Confucian advocating the moral of writing. Because the direction of the bridge is consistent with the meridian, it is cultivated every year Around the 15th day of November, the reflection of the bright moon in the sky will be divided into two parts by the shadow of the bridge. This spectacle is called "Wende dividing the moon". There is a star gathering Pavilion on the west side of Wende Bridge Square, which means "stars gather, talents gather". Facing this large archway, it is the "world Wenshu archway". The shape is four pillars and three doors, which means that it is the center of world culture. There is Kuixing Pavilion on the south side of the archway. In ancient times, it was said that Kuixing was a sign of prosperity of literature and also a symbol of winning the first place in the imperial examination. Therefore, Kuixing was regarded as a God by students of all ages. In the north of the square is the Lingxing gate. It is said that the Lingxing gate is the cultural star in the sky and the star cluster in charge of education. The reason for its name is that it means that the scholars of the world gather here.
Dachengmen, terrace (1 minute)
Dacheng gate is the main gate of Dacheng hall and the main gate of Confucius Temple. In the ancient feudal hierarchy, only officials could go in and out from Dacheng gate, while ordinary scholars could only go in and out from the side gate. Two big characters, Li and Ren, are engraved on the walls on both sides behind the door, which are the core of Confucius' thought and his lifelong goal. Behind the Dacheng gate and in front of the Dacheng hall, there is a corridor. On both sides of the corridor, there are eight of the twelve students of Confucius. They are all carved from white jade of Han Dynasty. They are min sang, ran Geng, ran Qiu, Duanmu Ci, ran Yong, Zai Yu, Yan Yan Yan and Zhong you. At the end of the corridor is a terrace, which is 1.4 meters high, 21.8 meters long from east to west, and 14 meters wide from north to south. It is surrounded by stone railings. In front of the terrace are two dragon play pearls and Danbi stones, and on both sides are stone lamps. The terrace is a place for sacrifice, singing and dancing. In the middle of the terrace is a bronze statue of Confucius. In front of the bronze statue is an iron censer, engraved with the title of "supreme saint and forerunner". With a height of 4.18 meters and a weight of 2.37 tons, the bronze statue is the largest one in the Confucian temples in China. On both sides of the terrace, there used to be two verandahs, which were used to worship the memorial tablets of the 72 sages of Confucius and to store sacrificial, ceremonial and dancing utensils. Now they are reduced to small two verandahs and changed into stele corridors. There are more than 30 steles with ink marks of famous calligraphers such as Zhao Puchu, Lin Sanzhi and Wu Zhongqi for tourists to enjoy.
Dacheng Hall (2 minutes)
Dacheng hall is the landmark of Confucius Temple, 16.22 meters high, 27.3 meters wide and 27.9 meters deep. The words "Dacheng hall" are written on the sea blue vertical plaque under the front eaves. There is a standing sculpture of two dragons playing with pearls on the roof of Dacheng hall, which is the first of its kind in China. The light and beautiful style of the roof covered with green tiles is obviously different from that of the northern Confucius Temple with yellow glazed tiles. It is more easygoing and popular, which is one of the manifestations of Nanjing Confucius Temple closer to folk culture. In the center of the hall, there is the largest portrait of Confucius in China. On the top of the portrait are three plaques, all of which are written by emperors of past dynasties. They are "model of the world" by Kangxi, "with heaven and earth" by Qianlong, and "Si Wen Zai Zi" by Guangxu. In front of the portrait stand four students of Confucius, namely Mencius, Kongji, Zengshen and Yanhui. In front of the portrait are ancient musical instruments such as Qin, guzheng and drum. On the walls around, there are 38 inlaid murals reflecting Confucius' life and deeds, which are "the picture of Confucius' miracles", carved by 200 craftsmen in Yueqing, Zhejiang Province, using famous jade, chicken blood jelly, Shoushan stone, gold, jewelry and other precious ornaments from Zhejiang, Fujian, Inner Mongolia, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places. The total investment is 5.8 million yuan, and the current value is more than 100 million yuan The 38 murals are: the picture of the holy trace, the preface of the title, the prayer of Nishan, the book of Qilin jade, the two dragons and five elders, etc.
Inscriptions (1 minute)
From Dacheng hall, the ancient well on the right is Yutu spring. According to records, Yutu spring was discovered and excavated by Qin Hui. Beside the spring stands the stele of raising money for imperial examinations, which records the history of Li Hongzhang and Zuo Zongtang's donation of examinees' fees to Beijing in the period of Liangjiang governor. On the other side, there are four steles, the most famous of which is the stele of Confucius asking for rites, which was carved in the Southern Dynasty. It records the story of Confucius seeking for rites from Laozi in Luoyang, the city where the emperor lived from the state of Lu to the state of Zhou, when slavery was about to collapse at the end of the spring and Autumn period. In addition, it is the only three steles in Nanjing, namely, the stele of Jiqing Confucius Temple and the stele of fengzhishengfu The stele of man and the stele of FengSi.
A school: school gate (30 seconds), Mingde Hall (1 minute 30 seconds), Zunjing Pavilion and its surroundings (1 minute)
The academy is located in the rear of Dacheng hall. It is inscribed on the lintel of the gate in the south by Zeng Guofan, and on the lintel of the gate in the north by Qin Dashi, the number one scholar in the southeast. Entering the gate of the Academy, you can see a bell and a drum standing in the two pavilions on the left and right. On the forehead of the pavilions are the words "Xi Li" and "Yang Sheng", which were used by scholars to worship Confucius in ancient times.
Facing the gate of the school is Mingde hall, whose name is inscribed by Wen Tianxiang. Mingde hall is the place where students gather. After the pilgrimage every month, students gather here to teach their tutors to preach the holy doctrine and the imperial edict, so as to cultivate their loyalty and patriotism. Ming De Tang was originally named "Ming Lun Tang". When the yuan army was about to conquer Nanjing, Wen Tianxiang changed "Ming Lun Tang" to "Ming De Tang" by hand in order to show his determination to die rather than surrender and his ambition to serve the country and the people.
The Zunjing Pavilion behind Mingde hall is three stories high, with double eaves and T-shaped ridges on the top of the mountain. It was a lecture hall where Confucian classics were stored and lectures were given. Now it is a museum of folk customs. Standing side by side with Zunjing pavilion are Chongsheng temple and Qingyun tower. Zunjing academy is divided into two sides behind Zunjing Pavilion. Chongsheng temple was originally dedicated to Confucius' ancestors, but now it is pear garden. Qingyun building was changed into a library in the Qing Dynasty. Zunjing academy is a place for lectures, which is equivalent to the present classroom. The small highland behind Zunjing Pavilion is called Weishan, with Jingyi pavilion built. The so-called "Jingyi" is the devotion to Confucianism.
Other (1 minute)
Ladies and gentlemen, the Confucius Temple is prosperous during the day, and the Confucius Temple at night is even more colorful! As early as the northern and Southern Dynasties, there was a Jinling Lantern Festival on the Qinhuai River, and it reached its peak in the Ming Dynasty. The Qinhuai River in the sound of oars and lights is unique in the world. Today's Confucius Temple follows the Huizhou architectural style of "blue brick, small tile, horse head wall, cloister with falling flowers and windows". When tourists come here, they can not only appreciate the traditional culture, but also taste the unique Qinhuai snacks, explore the legend of Qinhuai Bayan, enjoy the scenery on both sides of the Strait by Qinhuai boat, or explore the traces of celebrities such as Wuyi lane, former residence of Wang Dao xie'an and former residence of Li Xiangjun. This is the end of my explanation. Thank you!
B Gongyuan front street, Mingyuan building (1 minute 30 seconds)
Now we come to the front street of Gongyuan. There are six statues standing in the street. They are all talented people from all dynasties. They are Tang Yin, Wu Chengen, Zheng Banqiao, Wu Jingzi, Lin Zexu and Zhang Jian. On the east side of the sculpture, there are 11 stone tablets, which record the rise and fall of the Gongyuan, as well as the praise, evaluation and chanting of emperors, ministers and celebrities. In front of the front street is the Gongyuan, on which there are couplets inscribed by Li Yu. It was built in the Southern Song Dynasty and is specially used for holding imperial examinations. At first, the number of examinees was small and the scale was not large. It was only used for the examination of government and county schools. When the number of examinees increased, it even needed to borrow temples as temporary examination rooms. In the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, the Gongyuan was rebuilt. Later, the scale of Nanjing Gongyuan continued to expand. When it was officially named "Jiangnan Gongyuan" in the Qing Dynasty, it reached an unprecedented trend, starting from yaojiaxiang in the East, In the west, there are more than 20000 houses, bordering on the Qinhuai River in the South and Jiankang road in the north. After the Republic of China, Gongyuan was neglected. Until today, only Mingyuan building has been preserved as a historical relic. Mingyuan building was used for warning and giving orders in the past imperial examinations. In the arch on the first floor, there are stone tablets of Ming, Qing and Republic of China, which record the rise and fall of Jiangnan Gongyuan in detail and effectively preserve the scene of imperial examination hall in feudal times. In the 1980s, the relevant departments established "Jiangnan Gongyuan exhibition hall" here.
Dormitory (1 minute)
Now more than 40 houses have been restored in Gongyuan. In the order of thousand characters, the houses are 6 feet high, 4 feet deep and 3 feet wide, with an area of no more than 1.5 square meters. There are only two boards on display. Examinees have to stay in it for 9 days and have three exams. Eating, drinking and sleeping are all here. During the day, they answer questions on the chopping board, and at night, they close their clothes and sleep on the chopping board. We can imagine the hardships of the examination in those years. In the west side of Gongyuan, wax figures were used to show the examinees' attitudes. In the east side was the tourist experience area. Interested friends can experience it.
To court (1 minute 30 seconds)
The imperial examination began in the Sui and Tang Dynasties and ended in the late Qing Dynasty, which lasted for 1300 years. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it gradually formed four levels of examination, namely, children's examination, rural examination, general examination and palace examination. The "Zhigong hall" you can see in front of you used to be the public land run by the examiners. The word "Zhigong" means "fair, just and equal". Now it is the imperial examination exhibition room, which is divided into three exhibition halls: East, West and East. In the middle of the exhibition hall is the imperial examination culture exhibition room, in which there is a sculpture of Kuixing's fighting and monopolizing the first place. The horizontal shape next to it shows the situation of No It's often spectacular. The pictures and materials on the walls around introduce the origin and development of China's imperial examination system. The number one scholar hall on the east side displays a list of the number one scholar in China. On the west side is the hall of fame, which displays celebrities related to Jiangnan Gongyuan, as well as some pictures and materials related to the imperial examination.
This concludes the explanation of Confucius Temple. Thank you!
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