托福閱讀多項(xiàng)選擇題怎么做
托福閱讀主要是掌握對(duì)文章的大意了解,那么,多選題該怎么做呢?這是眾多考試關(guān)心的問(wèn)題,下面,和三立在線(xiàn)教育托福網(wǎng)學(xué)習(xí)啦一起來(lái)了解一下啊托福閱讀中的多選題應(yīng)該如何做吧!
托福閱讀多項(xiàng)選擇題怎么做
托福閱讀最后一題是多選題,要求大家六選三。能不能選到正確的答案另說(shuō),選中答案的順序會(huì)不會(huì)影響最后的得分呢?托福閱讀最后一道題是從6個(gè)里選擇3個(gè),但是關(guān)于TPO上這六個(gè)的排列順序是不固定的:
有的答案是按橫向:
A B
C D
E F
有的答案是按縱向:
A D
B E
C F
如此的選擇時(shí)盡管選對(duì)了,但那3個(gè)空并未按順序,也會(huì)被判錯(cuò)。如此是怎么回事?
學(xué)習(xí)啦在此回答:不會(huì)的,只要選的3個(gè)內(nèi)容是對(duì)的,不分順序的。
托福閱讀最后一題的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn):
托福閱讀六選三的題滿(mǎn)分成績(jī)?cè)?分,選對(duì)2個(gè)得1分,選對(duì)1個(gè)不得分;
托福閱讀七選五的題滿(mǎn)分成績(jī)?cè)?分,選對(duì)4個(gè)得2分,選對(duì)3個(gè)得1分,那么選對(duì)兩個(gè)和兩個(gè)以下不得分
托福閱讀最后一題的答題方法:
方法一:
選大意的題目:首先使用最快的速度根據(jù)細(xì)節(jié)排除的原則作,通常可以排除2個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)選項(xiàng),如此最多只錯(cuò)一個(gè)了,而后通常還有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)是被改動(dòng)過(guò)是錯(cuò)的,因此可以快速的做對(duì)了。
做托福閱讀時(shí)首先要瀏覽每一個(gè)段落的第一句(第一段短的話(huà)每句都要看),然后按段落記錄關(guān)鍵詞。
方法二:
1、分清楚文章細(xì)節(jié)與主題。當(dāng)大家閱讀文章時(shí),做好文章分析,有的是本段論點(diǎn),有的則是段落中的舉例,和離體內(nèi)容。有的肯定并非是要答案。除了一種情況,大段舉例能夠當(dāng)成主旨。
2、托福閱讀時(shí)做好簡(jiǎn)單筆記。理清文章思路。有的是論點(diǎn)與論點(diǎn)的支持論據(jù),那些是轉(zhuǎn)折,作者態(tài)度,就這三點(diǎn)。
3、排除文章里并未提及的選項(xiàng)。
用這些方法,相信多加練習(xí)是可以做對(duì)的。
托福閱讀技巧:重視模考題很關(guān)鍵
1 假如基礎(chǔ)一般的同學(xué),想要參加托??荚?,最好提前3-4個(gè)月預(yù)備起來(lái)。一本好的詞匯書(shū)是必不可少的。其實(shí)背哪一本詞匯書(shū)不是重點(diǎn)所在,重要的是能夠持之以恒,天天對(duì)所背的詞匯進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)和總結(jié)。因?yàn)槟阍谧鲈~匯題時(shí)假如能碰到你熟悉的詞,可以節(jié)省你會(huì)到文章中去看上下文猜詞的時(shí)間。
雖然不能保證背到就一定能考到,但是單詞可以幫助你更好的理解文章。曾經(jīng)有一名語(yǔ)言專(zhuān)家這樣說(shuō)過(guò):“Without grammar, little can be conveyed and without vocabulary, nothing can be conveyed?!弊阋哉f(shuō)明詞匯的重要性。
2 然后要從理解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)開(kāi)始理解文章。我們要明白,托??荚嚨拈喿x文章都是北美校園基礎(chǔ)課程的文章,基本沒(méi)有做過(guò)改動(dòng)。所以文章的結(jié)構(gòu)就是完全按照美式作文的五段法,我們的考生只要用這樣的方式去分析每一篇文章,就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的結(jié)構(gòu)是大同小異的。
3 積累背景知識(shí)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)相當(dāng)?shù)闹匾?,因此我們?cè)谧鲂峦懈i喿x的題目的同時(shí),也應(yīng)該在空余的時(shí)候多閱讀課外讀物,原版雜志。譬如,國(guó)家地理,自然,今日美國(guó)等一些聞名的原版雜志,這不僅可以擴(kuò)充我們的背景知識(shí),同時(shí)也可以補(bǔ)充我們?cè)谠~匯量上的不足。
4 在新托福閱讀備考的最后階段,做做模擬練習(xí)題是必不可少的。假如有條件的話(huà),最好做一下??架浖?。因?yàn)檫@樣可以模擬新托福機(jī)考的真實(shí)場(chǎng)景。比較推薦的模考軟件有 Barron, Kaplan以及一些比較權(quán)威的??季W(wǎng)站。當(dāng)然在你報(bào)名時(shí)托福官方網(wǎng)站提供給你的那一套不完整的??碱}也是很有參考價(jià)值的。
托福閱讀技巧:關(guān)鍵詞類(lèi)型題目解析
Paragraph 2 This decline can be seen clearly in the changes that affected Venetian shipping and trade. First, Venic’s intermediary functions in the Adriatic Sea, where it had dominated the business of shipping for other parties, were lost to direct trading. In the fifteenth century there was little problem recruiting sailors to row the galleys (large ships propelled by oars): guilds (business associations) were required to provide rowers, and through a draft system free citizens served compulsorily when called for. In the early sixteenth century the shortage of rowers was not serious because the demand for galleys was limited by a move to round ships (round-hulled ships with more cargo space), with required fewer rowers. But the shortage of crews proved to be a greater and greater problem, despite continuous appeal to Venic’s tradition of maritime greatness. Even though sailors’ wages doubled among the northern Italian cities from 1550 to 1590, this did not elicit an increased supply. TPO25-2 The Decline of Venetian Shipping
以上算得上是托福閱讀中較長(zhǎng)的段落了,在快速閱讀這個(gè)段落的時(shí)候我們要找的關(guān)鍵詞是:一曰:邏輯信號(hào)詞—如段落中所標(biāo)示的first, but, this… 我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)這些信號(hào)詞所在的句子基本都是解題的信息點(diǎn)。那么在做題定位時(shí)不妨多加留意。當(dāng)然,抓住這些關(guān)鍵詞并不難,難在理解。接下來(lái)我們就來(lái)看看理解這些句子時(shí)的關(guān)鍵詞。每段話(huà)的首句是必定要讀的。This decline can be seen clearly in the changes that affected Venetian shipping and trade.這是包含了一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)雜句。先看到核心詞changes,再看到Venetian shipping and trade。這篇文章接下來(lái)具體要寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容就展露無(wú)遺,也就是威尼斯船業(yè)和貿(mào)易的變遷。First,這當(dāng)然是開(kāi)始寫(xiě)shipping的標(biāo)志了。Venice’s intermediary functions in the Adriatic Sea, where it had dominated the business of shipping for other parties, were lost to direct trading. 我們一直強(qiáng)調(diào)句子要讀主干,那么簡(jiǎn)單地看這個(gè)句子就是Venice’s functions were lost, 核心詞很顯然是lost, 也對(duì)應(yīng)了整篇文章的主題 decline. 接下來(lái) 兩句寫(xiě)到了15和16世紀(jì)遇到的船員難招的問(wèn)題?!璽here was little problem recruiting sailors to row the galleys (large ships propelled by oars): guilds (business associations) were required to provide rowers, and through a draft system free citizens served compulsorily when called for. 這句話(huà)中有冒號(hào)的出現(xiàn),閱讀冒號(hào)之前的內(nèi)容there was little problem;到下一句:the shortage of rowers was not serious because the demand for galleys was limited by a move to round ships (round-hulled ships with more cargo space), with required fewer rowers. 這句中要看到的核心是not serious;再往后看到But….to be a greater and greater problem. 到這里意思應(yīng)該已經(jīng)一目了然了,就是講威尼斯船業(yè)在招聘船員方面所遭遇的變遷:little problem—not serious —greater problem. 所以要讀懂這一段我們只需要要抓住幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞而已。怎么抓?一是看邏輯信號(hào)詞;二是讀句子的時(shí)候一定牢記只看主干啊!
以上是在快速閱讀一個(gè)段落時(shí)我們要學(xué)會(huì)的方法,有時(shí)候可能會(huì)有學(xué)生說(shuō)我做題的時(shí)候并不會(huì)去看整段啊,或者有學(xué)生說(shuō)我看懂了哎,但題目就是沒(méi)做對(duì)啊!那么接下來(lái)我們就要看看如何在判斷選項(xiàng)的時(shí)候?qū)ふ谊P(guān)鍵詞了。有些題目的選項(xiàng)是比較長(zhǎng)的,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)看上去也差不多一段話(huà)了,所以一定要抓住關(guān)鍵詞判斷才行,如否定詞、比較詞和并列詞。這些是快速瀏覽選項(xiàng)的第一步。再次也要看到題干和每個(gè)選項(xiàng)中能讓我們快速定位到原文的關(guān)鍵詞。例如:
According to paragraph 5, what have scientists been able to determine from studies of large impact cratering on Mars?
A. Some Martian volcanoes are much older than was once thought.
B. The age of Mars’s surface can vary from area to area.
C. Large impact craters are not reliable indicators of age in areas with high volcanic activity.
D. Some areas of the Martian surface appear to be older than they actually are.
Paragraph 5 As on the Moon, the extent of large impact cratering (i.e. craters too big to have been filled in by erosion since they were formed) serves as an age indicator for the Martian surface. Age estimates ranging from four billion years for Mars’s southern highlands to a few hundred million years in the youngest volcanic areas were obtained in this way.
(TPO25-1 The Surface of Mars)
劃出選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞后,定位到原文迅速瀏覽發(fā)現(xiàn)原文中并無(wú)如A和D選項(xiàng)中的比較,C中的否定詞not和原文是明顯相矛盾的,故而選擇B,而B(niǎo)選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)的恰好是本段末句:Age estimates ranging from four billion years for Mars’s southern highlands to a few hundred million years in the youngest volcanic areas were obtained in this way.
根據(jù)以上分析,我們應(yīng)該明白在閱讀之時(shí)何為關(guān)鍵詞。簡(jiǎn)單地講有定位關(guān)鍵詞和判斷關(guān)鍵詞。定位關(guān)鍵詞包括題干及選項(xiàng)中的名詞,還有就是段落中那些一直向你示好的邏輯信號(hào)詞了,不要忘記用它們找到你解題需要的信息。判斷關(guān)鍵詞是選項(xiàng)中那些有特色的詞匯,包括否定詞,比較詞或者是句子主干中的動(dòng)詞等,根據(jù)這些詞和原文進(jìn)行對(duì)應(yīng),至少有一半的選項(xiàng)可以迅速被排除。
誠(chéng)然,閱讀高分需要一個(gè)良好的基礎(chǔ)。之所以找不清那解題的“關(guān)鍵詞”,還是因?yàn)榧m結(jié)于長(zhǎng)句中那么多的單詞卻無(wú)法覓到最根本的那一個(gè)。所以各位同學(xué)在備考的過(guò)程中一定不要忘記在大量練習(xí)的同時(shí)必須要搞定的一件事件:快速找到句子的主干。做到這一點(diǎn),閱讀已經(jīng)成功了一半,剩下的一半就是是要靠詞匯量咯。詞匯+語(yǔ)法雙劍合璧,再加上對(duì)關(guān)鍵詞的運(yùn)用,不管遇到什么樣主題的文章,多么奇葩的題目,都不成問(wèn)題。
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