很多考生對GRE閱讀的文章來源有興趣，紛紛猜測GRE閱讀理解中的文章出處。不管怎么說，考生若是能夠知道這些文章的出處對考生的閱讀復(fù)習(xí)將很有幫助。在此就為考生講講GRE考試閱讀文章是怎么來的。

　　GRE閱讀文章題源在哪里?

　　1. 搜集“源文章”

　　出題機(jī)構(gòu)一般有自己固定的信息源和搜集信息的渠道。如ETS使用一個(gè)名為Source Finder的軟件在Internet上自動(dòng)檢索數(shù)字論文庫EBSCO中的文獻(xiàn)，并從中提煉出符合各種考試風(fēng)格要求(比如GRE和TOEFL等)的樣本GRE閱讀文章。

　　2. 加工改寫

　　出于版權(quán)限制，ETS用于實(shí)際的新GRE閱讀考試的文章長度最多只能引用10%的原文長度。這種“帶著鐐銬跳舞”的結(jié)果是大量文章內(nèi)容被改寫，重寫和刪節(jié)。改寫一般會大量使用分詞及從句，使句子變得更緊湊、更嚴(yán)密。盡管改寫后的文章會變得錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜，但出題機(jī)構(gòu)會盡量保持文章中原有的鮮明態(tài)度以及較好的層次結(jié)構(gòu)。如：文章一開始給出一個(gè)老觀點(diǎn)，后來有人提出新觀點(diǎn)，駁斥老觀點(diǎn)，文章作者對這個(gè)新觀點(diǎn)或完全同意、或持部分保留意見、或是做出有正有負(fù)的混合評價(jià)。

　　3. 設(shè)置出題點(diǎn)

　　出題機(jī)構(gòu)一般會先出關(guān)于文章主題、套路、態(tài)度、結(jié)構(gòu)以及與文章的主題有關(guān)的問題，再針對文中比較明確的內(nèi)容出題。在出題方式上求新求變，一般會將原文中出現(xiàn)的詞匯或句子換一種說法表達(dá)出來。最后再找一些極易被考生忽略的細(xì)節(jié)作為出題對象，以此提高考試難度，拉開考生的分?jǐn)?shù)。

　　4.題材廣泛，不拘一格

　　如前言中所說，GRE閱讀理解的文章所涉及的題材有所區(qū)別，即GRE考試閱讀沒有管理類的文章，而這正是新GRE閱讀經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的題材。但總的來說，它們所涉及的題材都十分廣泛。

　　一般來說，GRE閱讀文章可分為以下四類：人文類文章 (humanities)，自然科學(xué)類 (science)，社會科學(xué)類 (social science) 和商業(yè)管理類 (business)。

　　從GRE閱讀文章選擇可以看出，盡管GRE考試閱讀文章涉及的學(xué)科眾多，對這些雜亂的學(xué)科無需具備相應(yīng)的知識，答案的重點(diǎn)均可在文章中找到。尊重新GRE閱讀文章的字句，不自己杜撰、屏蔽信息，這個(gè)就是可以做出完美GRE閱讀理解的重點(diǎn)。

　　GRE閱讀提分有哪些備考方法需要學(xué)習(xí)?這6個(gè)要點(diǎn)需要了解

　　新GRE閱讀提高方法解析：熟悉考點(diǎn)

　　新GRE考試閱讀首先要熟悉常考考點(diǎn)。俗化說，知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)百勝。要想迅速攻克新GRE閱讀難關(guān)，就要了解出題者的思維。根據(jù)題目反推原文考點(diǎn)，題目都考了原文哪些內(nèi)容，自己有沒有關(guān)注到這些內(nèi)容并做標(biāo)記，這些內(nèi)容都有什么可總結(jié)的規(guī)律、特征詞。這樣總結(jié)非常重要，如果堅(jiān)持下去，很短一段時(shí)間后，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)一些固定的原文出題點(diǎn)，日后再讀原文的時(shí)候也就會自然而然地關(guān)注它們了。

　　新GRE閱讀提高方法解析：充足的詞匯

　　GRE閱讀部分所需掌握的單詞想比整個(gè)GRE考試對于考生詞匯量上的要求來講，其實(shí)并不太大。這些詞往往都是一些GRE閱讀專屬詞匯，且重復(fù)率很高，只需要在平時(shí)練習(xí)時(shí)多積累總結(jié)，集中背誦一下就可以解決基本問題。

　　新GRE閱讀提高方法解析：提高閱讀質(zhì)量

　　提高新GRE閱讀其實(shí)說得細(xì)致點(diǎn)就是提高幾種具體的技能，比如對文章結(jié)構(gòu)的把握(這是做主旨題和態(tài)度題的關(guān)鍵)，對?？夹翯RE考試考點(diǎn)的熟悉程度，對原文和選項(xiàng)之間的文字對應(yīng)規(guī)律的掌握等。GRE閱讀理解高分突破如果只是一味地做題，沒有針對所需掌握地知識點(diǎn)和技能進(jìn)行總結(jié)和積累，那么做題的目的只是一味的為了趕進(jìn)度，對于提高沒有任何幫助。因此，在做新GRE考試閱讀練習(xí)的時(shí)候，不要盲目地追求閱讀的數(shù)量，要真正提高新GRE閱讀的質(zhì)量。

　　新GRE閱讀提高方法解析：提高理解能力

　　GRE閱讀有很多閱讀技巧，但本質(zhì)和基礎(chǔ)還是對于句子的理解能力。首先要對文章的大意甚至對一些具體的內(nèi)容有一定的理解的基礎(chǔ)上，這些技巧才能發(fā)揮作用。所以，提高對于閱讀中句子的理解能力是備考過程中需要特別留意的。

　　新GRE閱讀提高方法解析：無需完整閱讀全文

　　要靠讀懂全文來做對題，對中國考生來說是一件很難的事情，即使把文章全部翻譯成中文，也很難在如此短的時(shí)間內(nèi)逐字逐句理解全文，更何況是生詞連篇、復(fù)雜難懂的英文，所以我們要靠快速讀文法，學(xué)會抓重點(diǎn)。

　　新GRE閱讀提高方法解析：堅(jiān)持練習(xí)

　　新GRE考試閱讀是一個(gè)長期的過程，不是說練習(xí)幾天就會有效果的。哪怕你的方法是正確的，可能短期效果也不是很明顯。所以，這個(gè)時(shí)候是最關(guān)鍵的時(shí)候，往往離勝利就在一步之間，堅(jiān)持住可能就會豁然開朗。

　　GRE閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)權(quán)威匯總 應(yīng)對長閱讀難題要這么做

　　長篇閱讀

　　In 1995 the Galileo spacecraft captured data about Jupiter's atmosphere--namely, the absence of most of the predicted atmospheric water--that challenged prevailing theories about Jupiter's structure. The unexpectedness of this finding fits a larger pattern in which theories about planetary composition and dynamics have failed to predict the realities discovered through space exploration. Instead of "normal planets" whose composition could be predicted by theory, the planets populating our solar system are unique individuals whose chemical and tectonic identities were created through numerous contingent events. One implication of this is that although the universe undoubtedly holds other planetary systems, the duplication of the sequence that produced our solar system and the development of life on Earth is highly unlikely.

　　Recently planetary scientists have suggested that the external preconditions for the development of Earth's biosphere probably included four paramount contingencies. First, a climate conducive to life on Earth depends upon the extraordinarily narrow orbital parameters that define a continuously habitable zone where water can exist in a liquid state. If Earth's orbit were only 5 percent smaller than it is, temperatures during the early stages of Earth's history would have been high enough to vaporize the oceans. If the Earth-Sun distance were as little as 1 percent larger, run away glaciations on Earth about 2 billion years ago would have caused the oceans to freeze and remain frozen to this day.

　　Second, Jupiter's enormous mass prevents most Sun-bound comets from penetrating the inner solar system. It has been estimated that without this shield, Earth would have experienced bombardment by comet-sized impactors a thousand times more frequently than has actually been recorded during geological time. Even if Earth's surface were not actually sterilized by this bombardment, it is unlikely that any but the most primitive life-forms could have survived. This suggests that only planetary systems containing both terrestrial planets like Earth and gas giants like Jupiter might be capable of sustaining complex life-forms.

　　Third, the gravitational shield of the giant outer planets, while highly efficient, must occasionally fail to protect Earth. Paradoxically, while the temperatures required for liquid water exist only in the inner solar system, the key building blocks of life, including water itself, occur primarily beyond the asteroid belt. Thus the evolution of life has depended on a frequency of cometary impacts sufficient to convey water, as well as carbon and nitrogen, from these distant regions of the solar system to Earth while stopping short of an impact magnitude that would destroy the atmosphere and oceans.

　　Finally, Earth's unique and massive satellite, the Moon, plays a crucial role in stabilizing the obliquity of Earth's rotational axis. This obliquity creates the terrestrial seasonality so important to the evolution and diversity of life. Mars, in contrast, has wildly oscillating tilt and chaotic seasonality, while Venus, rotating slowly backward, has virtually no seasonality at all.

　　1. The passage is primarily concerned with

　　A. Enumerating conditions that may have been necessary for a particular development

　　B. Outlining the conditions under which scientists may be able to predict certain events

　　C. Explaining how a particular finding affected scientists ' understanding of a phenomenon

　　D. Suggesting reasons why a particular outcome was more likely to occur than other possible outcomes

　　E. Assessing the relative significance of factors that contributed to a particular occurrence

　　答案：C

　　解析：

　　根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容，可知推出了一個(gè)finding，后面都是具體介紹這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)的，所以圍繞的中心是C。

　　2. It can be inferred from the passage that the "planetary scientists" would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements concerning the development of complex life forms on Earth?

　　A. It might have occurred earlier in Earth's history if cometary impacts had been less frequent than they were.

　　B. It could have occurred if Earth's orbit were 1 percent larger than it is but not if Earth's orbit were 5 percent smaller.

　　C. It probably follows a pattern common on other terrestrial planets that occupy planetary systems containing gas giants.

　　D. Its dependence on the effect that Jupiter's gravitational shield has on Earth was difficult to recognize prior to 1995.

　　E. It has been contingent on conditions elsewhere in Earth's solar system as well as on conditions on Earth itself.

　　答案：E

　　解析：

　　題干問planetary scientists 最有可能同意哪個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，而且是與the development of complex life forms on Earth有關(guān)，定位至第二段開頭處開始閱讀，運(yùn)用排除法得出答案。

　　3. The author of the passage most likely mentions Mars' "oscillating tilt" primarily in order to

　　A. Provide evidence for a proposition about the potential effects of cometary impacts

　　B. Emphasize the absence from our solar system of "normal planets"

　　C. Contrast the rotational axis of Mars with that of Venus

　　D. Characterize the role of other planets in the solar system in earth's development

　　E. Emphasize the importance of the Moon to the development of life on Earth

　　答案：C

　　解析：

　　題干問為何提及Mars會震蕩傾斜，定位至最后一段會發(fā)現(xiàn)后文提及了Venus與Mars是相反的，因此答案選C。

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