2019年9月14日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)
雅思閱讀備考中,我們需要結(jié)合有效的練習(xí),幫助我們更有把握拿到高分。今天小編為大家準(zhǔn)備的是2019年9月14日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容,大家可以在考試前重點(diǎn)練習(xí)一下,同時(shí)也可以幫助大家在考試前重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)一下必考題型。
2019年9月14日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)1
文章題目Coastal sculpture
重復(fù)年份20160507 20140712 20130105
題材藝術(shù)
題型段落細(xì)節(jié)配對(duì) 5+人名配對(duì)題 5+句子填空 3
文章大意海邊雕塑。文章一共聊了 3 座海岸邊的知名雕塑的來(lái)源與現(xiàn)況,并上升到,
認(rèn)為此種也是當(dāng)代藝術(shù)的代表,豐富了藝術(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)。文章由法國(guó)的海岸邊雕塑
引入到世界范圍,最后又落回到英國(guó)的三座雕塑。
參考答案:
答案參考:
段落細(xì)節(jié)配對(duì):
14. A misunderstanding regarding financing of the construction of artwork. C
15. A suggestion of a place with fewer visitors than it used to be. D
16. Positive comments regarding all three pieces of artwork. E
17. How a talk change people's opinions. D
18. Reference of an artwork that turned out to cost the public a lot. B
人名配對(duì):
A. Antony's figure B. Moe's status C. Lost church
19. It commemorates a hero. B
20. Some people like to make physical contact with it. A
21. It is welcomed by local people. B
22. It has been shown In other place. A
23. People fear it will cause accident. C
句子填空:
24. Another Place is representation Gormley s own body.
25. The original Walton Church disappear because of coastal erosion.
26. The material used to build Lost Church will be steel pole.
2019年9月14日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)2
文章題目Solving an Arctic Mystery
重復(fù)年份20160521 20141025
題材人文社科
題型判斷 7+填空 6
文章大意北極沉船。兩條執(zhí)行任務(wù)的船消失了,很多人試圖找到它們,但都失敗了, 最后在 sonar 技術(shù)的支持下找到了。船上所有船員全部通過(guò)遇難的原因探究 中發(fā)現(xiàn),他們遺骸中很多都 lead 超標(biāo),研究發(fā)現(xiàn) tin of food 及 inheritance 等因素均不是汽運(yùn),造成中毒的原因是 water needed for engine。研究結(jié) 果跟 inuit 人的口頭記錄溫和,證實(shí)了其可靠性。
參考答案:
判斷:
1. 很多人嘗試定位沒(méi)有成功 T
2. 這是 Inuit 人第一次跟定位沉船的專(zhuān)家合作 NG
填空:
8. geology
9. solar
10. tin
11. water
12. engine
13. stories
2019年9月14日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)3
文章題目 When did music begin?
重復(fù)年份20160528 20130216
題材藝術(shù)
題型選擇 4,+配對(duì) 5+判斷 5
文章大意講音樂(lè)的起源和影響,講到了音樂(lè)和語(yǔ)言的關(guān)系,提到一個(gè)學(xué)者對(duì)于音樂(lè)的 研究。
部分答案參考:
判斷:
27. In the first paragraph, what does the writer say about the nature of music?
C. Music ability is made of many elements
28. Who originally states that speech and music developed at the same time?
A. John Blacking
B. Nils Wallin
C. Steven Mithen
D. Steven Brown
29. In Mithen's book, the theory about music
C. affect the behaviours of others
30. an ancestor common for Neanderthals and homo sapiens when
A. selecting a partner
配對(duì):
31. Music has a universal character C
32. The contribution that Mithen has made about the evolution of music A
33. The theory that language is related to the music supported by Mithen E
34. The previous researchers' contribution to the evolution of music B
35. The previous review about the music D
A. has an effect on the other researchers
B. useful while limited in several ranges of scope.
C. despite cultural influences it
D. is not the same in ail traditions.
E. was not originally accepted by some researchers
F. was based on historical theories
36. Mithen's research about music take into account the association with physical
movements. Y
37. Mithen's hypotheses can be proved by some small societies in remote locations now. Y
38. The adult speech directed at babies is similar to Neanderthals' communication. NG
39. Mithen's theory supports Steven Pinker. N
40. People in modern society are heavily relied on electronically produced music.
NG
雅思閱讀結(jié)構(gòu)閱讀法步驟詳解
雅思文章該怎么讀?首先,我們來(lái)看看雅思權(quán)威考官Vanessa Jakeman和Clare McDowell兩位專(zhuān)家是怎么說(shuō)的:
"When you go to university or college you may be overwhelmed by the amount of reading you are expected to do. You will have to do a lot of this reading on your own and you will need to be able to read discriminatingly. This means you will need to have the skills required to focus in on the information that is important to you and to skim through the information that isn't."
按照他們的說(shuō)法,雅思閱讀就是考察學(xué)生在讀長(zhǎng)文章時(shí)篩選信息的能力,即read discriminately,知道哪些是重要信息必須細(xì)讀,哪些是無(wú)用的,可以忽略。雅思考題的設(shè)計(jì)思路不僅是為了測(cè)試考生的語(yǔ)言水平,更在于幫助考生培養(yǎng)起一套適合英聯(lián)邦大學(xué)教學(xué)觀念的學(xué)習(xí)方法。在英國(guó)念文科的同學(xué)都會(huì)有這樣一種共識(shí),那就是一學(xué)期要看很多書(shū),寫(xiě)很多essay,有的同學(xué)雖然很刻苦,整日地泡在圖書(shū)館里做書(shū)蟲(chóng),但還是讀不完reading lList中的必讀書(shū)。再對(duì)比周?chē)?guó)同學(xué),他們不見(jiàn)得比我們刻苦,卻很能掉書(shū)袋,寫(xiě)出的essay理論功底更深。學(xué)習(xí)效率的高低正是由閱讀方法的差異造成的。中國(guó)學(xué)生從小接受英語(yǔ)精讀教學(xué),咬文嚼字,看書(shū)喜歡一頁(yè)頁(yè)地細(xì)嚼慢咽。就個(gè)人閱讀習(xí)慣而言,這種讀法無(wú)可厚非,但若是做學(xué)問(wèn),這就不是正確的方法了。而英國(guó)學(xué)生讀書(shū),總是先瀏覽目次、摘要等信息,然后閱讀索引,找尋需要的信息,所以他們一本書(shū)通常讀一天甚至于幾小時(shí)就夠了。同樣雅思的文章,也沒(méi)必要逐字逐句的讀,而是要了解作者行文時(shí)的構(gòu)思以及寫(xiě)文章要達(dá)到的目的。如果做題前就能對(duì)文章的思路了如指掌,那就好比站在了作者的高度,定位時(shí)也就不會(huì)出現(xiàn)無(wú)的放矢的碰運(yùn)氣了。
有的同學(xué)也許會(huì)有這樣的疑問(wèn),雅思文章題材五花八門(mén),行文艱深晦澀,要看懂都不容易,如何能在幾分鐘內(nèi),梳理出作者的寫(xiě)作思路呢?對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題我們知道,雅思文章的學(xué)術(shù)性雖然決定了它的深度,但另一方面也決定了相對(duì)固定的文章結(jié)構(gòu)。因?yàn)閷W(xué)術(shù)是嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)?,在形式上它有一套?yán)格的規(guī)范(the established academic caliber)。就學(xué)術(shù)范疇的文章而言,其觀點(diǎn)可以犀利獨(dú)到,但論證必須縝密,所以文章層次結(jié)構(gòu)相比起他體裁是穩(wěn)定的。換言之,學(xué)術(shù)文章有點(diǎn)八股文的味道。那么我們就可以利用這點(diǎn)迅速掌握文章結(jié)構(gòu)繼而掌握思路了。
文章的性質(zhì)決定了文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。在《劍橋雅思》的前言中,關(guān)于閱讀有這樣一段話: "The passages are on topics of general interest. At least one text contains detailed logical argument." 據(jù)筆者觀察,所有雅思文章都可以分為兩大類(lèi):介紹性的學(xué)術(shù)說(shuō)明文和論辯性的學(xué)術(shù)論文。說(shuō)明文只是對(duì)一個(gè)既定的事實(shí)進(jìn)行客觀介紹和陳述,不包含argument,教科書(shū)就屬于這一類(lèi);而學(xué)術(shù)論文通常針對(duì)一個(gè)懸而未決的問(wèn)題,進(jìn)行論證,繼而提出解決方案,其過(guò)程就是提出問(wèn)題、分析問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題。在雅思考試中,這類(lèi)文章分為兩種:實(shí)驗(yàn)論證和邏輯論證。下面就依次介紹這幾種文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。
(一)介紹類(lèi)學(xué)術(shù)說(shuō)明文的結(jié)構(gòu)
要判斷文章類(lèi)別,一般看標(biāo)題就可以了。介紹類(lèi)文章是對(duì)某事物或現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行描述或介紹,所以標(biāo)題一般為名詞短語(yǔ)或者以How開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句。具體結(jié)構(gòu)如下:
Introduce a phenomenon or a fact.
Detailed Description:
Timeline/Different Aspects/Logic Development
Look into the future/Summary
無(wú)論什么文章,起始段總是引出主題,所以多用敘述描寫(xiě)性語(yǔ)言,或介紹現(xiàn)象,或陳述事實(shí),或交代問(wèn)題。
在介紹類(lèi)說(shuō)明文中,中間斷落是對(duì)事物細(xì)節(jié)的展開(kāi)描述,各種話題可以通過(guò)三種不同方式展開(kāi)。第一類(lèi)時(shí)間順序,通常用于陳述一個(gè)歷史事件,例如劍五中的"Johnson's Dictionary"就是這一類(lèi)。第二類(lèi)并列或遞進(jìn),從各個(gè)側(cè)面來(lái)介紹,例如劍四中的"What Do Whales feel?",一看標(biāo)題就知道是介紹鯨魚(yú)各個(gè)感官的,屬于并列結(jié)構(gòu)。第三類(lèi)是邏輯順序,據(jù)筆者統(tǒng)計(jì),環(huán)境自然類(lèi)文章多依照這種順序,下文對(duì)此會(huì)作詳細(xì)評(píng)述,這里不再贅言。
(二)論證類(lèi)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)
(1)實(shí)驗(yàn)類(lèi)文章
Introduce Experiment
Pre-experiment (Subjects, Tools, Methods)
Experiment Process
Result (Collecting Data)
Analyses and Syntheses
在雅思閱讀中,實(shí)驗(yàn)類(lèi)文章結(jié)構(gòu)最為固定。筆者分析了"劍四"和"劍五"中所有實(shí)驗(yàn)類(lèi)文章,發(fā)現(xiàn)其結(jié)構(gòu)無(wú)一不遵循以上套路,這是因?yàn)閷?shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告的形式本來(lái)就單調(diào)。首段總是說(shuō)明實(shí)驗(yàn)的緣起以及實(shí)驗(yàn)沒(méi)目的,然后介紹實(shí)驗(yàn)前的準(zhǔn)備工作包括器具,實(shí)驗(yàn)主體等,接著進(jìn)入實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)程的描述,而后公布實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,最后綜合數(shù)據(jù)得出結(jié)論。無(wú)論實(shí)驗(yàn)做什么,這個(gè)基本順序是不會(huì)改變的。
(2)邏輯論證類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)
Introduce the topic/problem
Literature Review (Optional)
Present Causes/Reasons (optional)
Writer's Approach
Supporting Evidences
Conclusions
這類(lèi)文章從結(jié)構(gòu)上講更接近于論文。起始段導(dǎo)出議題,第二部分對(duì)議題進(jìn)行文獻(xiàn)綜述,介紹已有的觀點(diǎn)或探討引發(fā)問(wèn)題的原因,第三部分引入作者的判斷以及相關(guān)分論點(diǎn)或論據(jù),最后是結(jié)論。在雅思考試是中這類(lèi)文章通常是比較難的。
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