雙語文摘欣賞隔夜飯的作用
從光滑的皮膚到纖細(xì)的腰部，我們就可以知道隔夜飯為什么會對你的身體有好處。接下來，小編給大家準(zhǔn)備了雙語文摘欣賞隔夜飯的作用,歡迎大家參考與借鑒。
雙語文摘欣賞隔夜飯的作用
From congealed curry to cold pasta, you may think there’s nothing more dispiriting than a fridge full of leftovers.
凝固的咖喱、冰涼的意大利面，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有什么比打開冰箱后發(fā)現(xiàn)滿是剩菜更令人沮喪啦。
But scientists are saying these dishes could have surprising health benefits, thanks to the chemical reactions that take place when food is left overnight.
但是科學(xué)家們卻發(fā)現(xiàn)這些隔夜菜對健康有著驚人的益處，這主要得益于它們在過夜時所發(fā)生的化學(xué)反應(yīng)。
From glowing skin to trimmer waists, we reveal why yesterday’s supper could be so good for you.
從光滑的皮膚到纖細(xì)的腰部，我們就可以知道隔夜飯為什么會對你的身體有好處
COLD RICE TO STAY SLIM
冷飯保持身體苗條
Rice, when chilled overnight can contain up to 60 per cent fewer calories than when freshly cooked — potentially dropping from 130 calories per 100g to just 52. But you need to cook it in the right way, according to research presented to the American Chemical Society.
提交給美國化學(xué)學(xué)會的一項(xiàng)研究顯示，大米被冷藏一夜后，它的熱量比新鮮烹制時減少達(dá)六成，從130卡路里/100克直降到52卡路里/100克。不過，這需要你以正確的方法去烹調(diào)。
When the water is boiling, before the rice is added, pour a little coconut oil into the pan — about 3 percent of the weight of the rice you’re using. When cooked, leave in the fridge for 12 hours to hugely reduce the calories.
當(dāng)水沸騰后，先向鍋里倒入約為大米總重3%的椰子油，然后再倒入大米。煮熟后的大米再放入冰箱12小時會大大減少其所含熱量。
This exciting phenomenon is down to the way starch in the rice changes when it is heated then cooled.
之所以會出現(xiàn)這種令人興奮的現(xiàn)象，是由于大米中所含淀粉的形態(tài)在加熱并冷藏后改變了。
When cooked rice is eaten, its starch is turned into the sugar — glucose — by the body and converted into fat if not burned off.
煮熟的大米被吃下去時，它所含的淀粉會轉(zhuǎn)化為糖，確切的說是葡萄糖，如果它們沒有被消耗，就會轉(zhuǎn)化成脂肪。
However, when rice is chilled, its starch becomes what is called ‘resistant starch’, which the body cannot digest. This means it is not included in the calorie count.
然而，把米飯放入冰箱后，淀粉會轉(zhuǎn)化成“抗酶解淀粉”，它無法被人體消化吸收，因此也就不會增加人體內(nèi)的卡路里了。
The coconut oil stops the cold rice from sticking together, and also seems to produce more resistant starch in the rice, further reducing the number of calories.
椰子油能防止冷飯粘在一起，也會促使米飯中產(chǎn)生更多的抗酶解淀粉，從而進(jìn)一步減少卡路里的數(shù)量。
Food scientist Dr Sam Christie explains: ‘The oil may be providing a barrier to the boiling water, slowing down the cooking of the rice. The result appears to be a less digestible form of rice containing more resistant starch.’
食品科學(xué)家山姆·克里斯蒂博士解釋說：“油可以在沸騰的水中建立起一個屏障，減緩大米被蒸煮的程度，這也會產(chǎn)生更多不易消化的抗酶解淀粉。
These are, she warns, preliminary findings. However, this could be wonderful news for dieters.
她也警告說，這些都只是初步發(fā)現(xiàn)。然而，這仍然是節(jié)食者的好消息。
But don’t forget, reheating rice can lead to food poisoning.
但不要忘記，重復(fù)加熱米飯可能導(dǎo)致食物中毒。
Dr Martin Goldberg, microbiology lecturer at Nottingham Trent University warns: ‘The bacterium Bacillus cereus, found on some rice, can survive the cooking process. As rice cools, the spores germinate and produce a neurotoxin that can make you horribly sick.
諾丁漢特倫特大學(xué)微生物學(xué)講師馬丁·哥德堡也警示：“有些米飯中含有細(xì)菌性蠟樣芽胞桿菌，蒸煮過程可能無法將它們滅活。大米冷藏后，孢子發(fā)芽，產(chǎn)生一種令人嚴(yán)重不適的神經(jīng)毒素。
‘If you wish to eat cold or reheated rice, cook small amounts and put straight into the fridge to cool quickly.’
“如果你想吃冷飯或重復(fù)加熱的米飯，可以少量蒸煮，然后直接放入冰箱中迅速冷卻?！?/p>
BEEF SOUP FOR SKIN
牛肉湯對皮膚好
Bone broth is a big nutritional trend. Low-calorie and rich-tasting, the soup also appears to be packed with ingredients to make your skin glow.
骨頭湯已經(jīng)成為營養(yǎng)圣品。熱量低，味道豐富，湯中也可以加入各種東西，使肌膚煥發(fā)光澤。
As the name suggests, it contains the bones from meat — beef, lamb or chicken — cooked with water and ideally a little cider vinegar to help the process.
骨湯，顧名思義，來源于牛羊肉或雞肉等肉類。和水一起烹調(diào)，如果能加一點(diǎn)蘋果醋，那就更理想了。
Collagen from the bones breaks down into gelatin, which is easy to digest and excellent for the skin.
骨頭中的骨膠原分解成凝膠，更加易于消化，而且對皮膚極好。
Recipes often suggest leaving the broth to simmer for hours.
肉湯通常需要數(shù)小時的小火慢燉。
‘Complex chemical reactions take place — and the more disintegrated the bones, (and, therefore, digestible) the massive protein molecules, which are the cement of the body, become,’ explains Dr Christie.
克里斯蒂博士解釋說：“其中發(fā)生了許多復(fù)雜的化學(xué)反應(yīng)——骨頭分解的越徹底，大的蛋白分子就變得越易消化。而這些蛋白分子是人身體的基石。”
Minerals and nutrients such as calcium, magnesium and cartilage also become easy to digest. The broth is thought to have benefits for bones, teeth and joints and help hair and fingernails to grow.
礦物質(zhì)以及鈣、鎂和軟骨等營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)也變得容易消化。肉湯據(jù)信對骨骼、牙齒和關(guān)節(jié)很好，而且能促進(jìn)頭發(fā)和指甲的生長。
‘Only re-heatany food once and ensure it’s very hot (over 60 degrees celsius) to kill any bacteria,’ says Dr Goldberg.
哥德堡博士說：“任何食物只能重復(fù)加熱一次，而且要保證高溫(60攝氏度以上)滅菌?！?/p>
VEG TO BEAT IBS
蔬菜防止腸易激綜合征
We all know that cooking vegetables for longer removes vitamin C. But some believe that people with digestive problems, such as irritable bowel syndrome, ought to overcook vegetables containing insoluble fibre, such as onions and garlic, which can cause bloating. Reheating the next day could supposedly soften them further.
大家都知道，為了不破壞維生素C，烹飪蔬菜時不可煮太久。但一些人認(rèn)為有消化問題的人，如患有腸易激綜合征的人，應(yīng)該將洋蔥、大蒜等含不溶性纖維(容易引起腹脹)的蔬菜多煮一段時間。而隔夜菜再加熱時正好可以進(jìn)一步軟化這些纖維。
Dr Christie is unconvinced. ‘Sorry, you aren’t going to make any real difference to the molecular structure,’ she says.
克里斯蒂博士對此表示不認(rèn)同，她說：“對不起，你不會對其分子結(jié)構(gòu)做出任何實(shí)質(zhì)性的改變?！?/p>
‘This isn’t proven and I don’t recommend it. IBS suffers ought instead to find out which foods to avoid on specialist websites, such as ibsdiet.org.’
“這種說法尚未被證實(shí)，我不推薦。但那些患有腸易激綜合征的患者應(yīng)該關(guān)注專業(yè)網(wǎng)站，如ibsdiet.org，以避免食用某些食物?！?/p>
‘GOOD GUT’ POTATOES
土豆有助腸道健康
A 1992 UK study found cooked potatoes contained just 7 percent resistant starch (the indigestible type). But when cooled, it jumped to 13 percent.
英國1992年的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，煮熟的土豆只含7%的抗酶解淀粉(不易于消化型)，但當(dāng)冷卻后這一數(shù)字卻驟升至13%。
Separate research has discovered this starch has the same benefits as dietary fibre, that protects against colon cancer, increases the feeling of fullness and might even reduce fat storage.
其他獨(dú)立的研究已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種淀粉與膳食纖維有相同的好處，可以防止患結(jié)腸癌，增加飽腹感，甚至可能減少脂肪堆積。
‘When potatoes are cooled after heating, the starch molecules expand and crystallise,’ says Dr Christie. ‘Once swallowed, this resistant starch is treated like fibre by the digestive system.’
克里斯蒂博士說：“土豆加熱冷卻后，其中的淀粉分子擴(kuò)大并結(jié)晶，人吃下去后，消化系統(tǒng)會像處理纖維一樣消化這種抗酶解淀粉。
Another brilliant feature of resistant starch is that it can’t be broken down. This means it helps food move through the system, preventing constipation. And it doesn’t turn back into normal starch if the potatoes are then reheated.
抗酶解淀粉的另一個鮮明特點(diǎn)就是它的不可分解性。這意味著它有助于食物在消化系統(tǒng)里蠕動，預(yù)防便秘。當(dāng)再次加熱土豆，這種淀粉也不會回到正常的淀粉形式。
‘Raw potato would be ideal, but would be pretty unpalatable,’ says Dr Christie. ‘Cold cooked ones might be a happy compromise.’
”生馬鈴薯將是最理想的，但卻很難吃?！笨死锼沟俨┦空f?！袄鋮s的熟馬鈴薯也許是個不錯的折中選擇?！?/p>
Make them into potato salad or simply sauté.
也可以把它們做成土豆沙拉或者加少許奶油煎熟。
HEART-FRIENDLY CURRY
咖喱有益心臟
Even the fieriest curry is gentler the next day. What’s more, it may be easier to digest and contain more nutrients as the meat tenderises overnight.
即使最火辣的咖喱放過一天后也會變得溫和。更重要的是，它可能更容易消化、含有更多營養(yǎng)，因?yàn)槿庠谶^夜后更加細(xì)嫩。
‘If you leave a meat curry for a few hours, the animal proteins degrade and become softer,’ says Dr Christie.
“如果你把咖喱肉放上幾小時，動物蛋白就會降解，變得無比柔軟?！笨死锼沟俨┦空f。
‘This is firstly a good way of improving the texture of cheaper cuts of meat. Tenderising for long enough will create a fine melt-in-the-mouth dish.’
“首先，這是個提高便宜豬肉的質(zhì)地的好方法。放置足夠長的時間使其鮮嫩，口感也更佳?！?/p>
If you struggle to eat red meat — and suffer heartburn or bloating — this is a more digestible version. Theoretically it may also release more trace elements such as iron, which can help with anaemia.
如果你由于受燒心或腹脹的困擾，不想吃紅肉，那么這就是個更易消化的選擇。理論上，它也可能釋放出更多的微量元素，如鐵等，有助于緩解貧血。
Vocabulary
congealed：凝固的
starch：淀粉
glucose：葡萄糖
germinate：發(fā)芽
cider vinegar：蘋果醋
simmer：用文火熬
constipation：便秘
unpalatable：難吃的
anaemia：貧血
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