雅思寫作備考：小作文改寫技巧
對于許多有留學(xué)打算的考生來說，雅思考試是必須通過的一道關(guān)卡。寫作是雅思考生普遍失分較多的一個(gè)部分，雅思寫作由時(shí)長20分鐘的客觀描述性小作文和時(shí)長40分鐘的主觀議論性大作文組成。今天，學(xué)習(xí)啦就來講解一下雅思小作文應(yīng)該怎么寫，希望這篇文章可以幫助到大家。
雅思寫作備考：小作文改寫技巧
一、高級改寫的定義
高級改寫和低級改寫的“詞-詞”對換不同，它注重的是“詞-句”之間的互換。
二、高級改寫的核心
高級改寫的任務(wù)就是將“展示”(show/ present)后的"詞"換成"賓語從句。"
e.g. The graph shows the consumption of....
改成 The graph shows how ...
三、高級改寫的句型
而這里高級改寫用到的賓語從句有兩種：
(1)…h(huán)ow … had changed…
(2)…h(huán)ow…were varied…
四、高級改寫的步驟
說到這兒，Coco給大家列出做高級改寫4個(gè)步驟，為方便大家記憶，我把它歸結(jié)為“十句主持”，請務(wù)必記牢：
(1)十(時(shí))：判斷時(shí)間段還是點(diǎn);
(2)句：選賓語從句是how...had changed還是how...were varied;
(3)主：how后面的主語要根據(jù)題目中“展示”的賓語和圖的抬頭確定;
(4)持(詞)：句子里面的詞按照低級改寫法要求，能換就換。
現(xiàn)在我們來做一道題目：
(1)十(時(shí))：判斷是時(shí)間段還是時(shí)間點(diǎn)
這題寫明是between 1979 and 2004,所以確定是時(shí)間段。
(2)句：因?yàn)槭菚r(shí)間段，所以選 how...had changed
也就是說，上一個(gè)圖應(yīng)該配how...had changed...賓語從句。
(3)主：確定how后面的主語(根據(jù)題目中“展示”后的賓語和圖的抬頭確定描寫對象)
從題目中，我們可以看到“展示(show/give informationa on)”后面的賓語是 the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat,所以賓語從句應(yīng)該補(bǔ)充成：how the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat had changed ......
(4)持(詞)：盡可能地“詞-詞”對換
把除了how ... had changed 以外的詞能變則變，最后得出完整的P1S1應(yīng)該為：
The line chart(原本是graph) unfolds(原本是shows) how(原本是詞)the consumption of fish and some different categories(原本是kinds) of meat had changed in a Europeanstate(原本是country) from 1979 to 2002(原本是between...and...).
五、高級改寫的練習(xí)
好啦，大家對給小作文寫個(gè)華麗麗的開頭已經(jīng)有個(gè)初步印象，coco這里發(fā)幾道習(xí)題給大家鞏固技巧：
The pie charts below show units of electricity production by fuel source in Australia and France in 1980 and 2000 (劍7test4).
The graph below shows the quantities of goods transported in the UK between 1974 and 2002 by for different modes of transport(劍8test4).
The chart below shows information on consumer spending on different items in five different countries in 2002(劍7test1).
雅思寫作范文：慈善是否應(yīng)該國際化
Task：Some people believe that charity organizations should give aid to those in greatest need, wherever they live. Other people believe that charity organizations should concentrate on the people in their own country. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
有些人認(rèn)為，慈善組織應(yīng)該給予那些最需要幫助的人，無論他們住在哪里。其他人認(rèn)為慈善組織應(yīng)該集中在他們自己的國家的人民。討論兩種觀點(diǎn)并給出你自己的看法。
思路解析：
慈善國際化的理由1：公平性。幫助弱勢群體是慈善的第一目標(biāo)，這和受眾人群的背景，宗族沒有關(guān)系。此外，這能增加國與國直接的互信。舉例，如果南韓能資助北韓來對付饑荒的話，則兩個(gè)國家間將不再有對抗和戰(zhàn)爭。
慈善國際化的理由2：幫助窮國其實(shí)是幫助自己。舉例，很多全球性問題是跨國界的，如疾病，污染，恐怖主義。它們源于窮國家的貧窮，卻會很快地傳播到富國境內(nèi)。所以，給窮國家捐錢捐物捐藥，其實(shí)也是保護(hù)了富國自身。
參考答案：
Charity organizations always play a pivotal role on helping people who live in sub-human condition or poor countries. It is undeniable that charity organizations help a lot for the less fortunate. However, people have mixed view about whether charity organizations should help own county or other places .It is understandable that people from different background put different interpretation on the same issue.
Firstly, there are main reasons approving of such cross-border charitable support .For one thing, it bases on humanitarian that help those who deserve to be helped. That is to say, regardless of their origin, race, color that means everyone is equal to get the aid. For another, these charitable activities can help to reduce the gap between rich and poor. Actually, for decades, there is always a hostile relationship between South Korea and North Korea. If South Korea can actively provide its neighbor country with crops to eliminate the massive famine, then the tension and misunderstand between them will be replaced by friendship, mutual respect and peacefulness.
What is more, in terms of the strong interdependence between rich countries and poor ones, the assistance to reduce the social problems abroad is actually an ideal measure to protect local areas. For example, many issues originate from poor countries, such as air and water pollution, fatal social epidemics like bird flu, drug trafficking and terrorism, are cross-border and can easily be transmitted into rich countries. Hence, only by donating food, financial aids and medical facilities to these countries for the eradication of poverty-related social problems can rich countries get rid of these potential oversea threats , as well as having a peaceful and clean surrounding environment that keep domestic society stable and safe.
However, towards the same issue other people have opposite view. They claim that sponsorships are limited. First of all, even if in richer countries also have poor people and homelessness. If domestic charity organization fails to take fully into account people in their own counties, it will also lead to the gap between rich and poor. Thus, there are negative effects on our society, such as domestic crime and anti-social emotion.
In conclusion, charity organization is type of non-profit organization and we should appreciate its help that make the world better.
(374 words)
雅思寫作范文：政府為大眾醫(yī)療買單
Task：Some people think the government should pay for health care and education, but others believe it is not the government’s responsibility. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
有些人認(rèn)為政府應(yīng)該為醫(yī)療和教育買單，但其他人認(rèn)為這不是政府的責(zé)任。討論兩種觀點(diǎn)并給出你的意見。
思路解析：
國家醫(yī)療的好處1：一個(gè)免費(fèi)的醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)有利于社會的穩(wěn)定。如果只是富人能享受醫(yī)療，而窮人不停遭受疾病折磨的話，則社會犯罪和暴力就會增加。
國家醫(yī)療的好處2：這有利于降低醫(yī)療成本。私人公司做醫(yī)療都是為了賺錢。為了獲取最高利益，它們會推薦，甚至強(qiáng)迫病患使用最昂貴的治療方式和藥物，這極大地增加了病人的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。
國家醫(yī)療的壞處：這不利于大眾保健。舉例，一旦看病的費(fèi)用是政府的公共稅收承擔(dān)，而不是私人的話，則太多的人會忽略健康問題，甚至?xí)艞夊憻挕?/p>
參考范文：
What is the responsibility of the government on social medical services? Some people believe the government should fully replace the private companies by supporting the health-care system by itself. Personally, I partially agree with this assertion, and my reasons would be explored as below.
Firstly, a universal health service run by the tax revenue of the government can cover all social classes, both the rich and the poor, which represents the human rights of all social individuals, and which is the precondition of social fairness and stability. In contrast, privatization of medical care leads to polarization of medical services. Only the affluent people will be able to derive its benefits, while poor people with non-affordability would be abandoned and struggle in illness. Therefore, multiple social problems like increase in crime rate and rebellions can be expected.
Secondly, the main motive of profit making companies is to derive profits rather than promoting health delivery system. In order to run their expensive models, they are not even hesitant to do unethical practices, for example, tempting patients into accepting expensive medicine, diagnosis and surgical procedures whose effects might be the same as cheaper alternative ones. Thus, it is reasonable to let the government takes the place of these selfish companies with money worship. This policy can put the priority of health care back into interests of the public, and help to reduce the medical costs as well.
However, the worrying aspect of this assertion is that the measure might cause uncertain or even risky results about the overall health of society. Obviously, in order to avoid the costly medical bills from private hospitals or clinics, every individual has a strong willpower of regular exercise for keeping healthy. However, with a state-owned health care system, all medical costs would be paid by public taxes, rather than by private income. This, eventually, will bring a dilemma that many residents would lose the motivation of exercise, and the level of public health and physical condition will decline.
All in all, I believe the benefits of this assertion overweigh relevant demerits, in terms of its great contributions to the social stability and the cutting down of medical fees.
(361 words)
雅思寫作范文：投資學(xué)校/社區(qū)?
Task：The government should spend money in promoting sport and art in school, rather than sponsoring professional sports and art events in communities. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Sample answer：
One of the government duties and responsibilities is to pour its funds to the area of sports and art which can add spice to people’s life. The discussion centers on whether the fund should be allocated to campus sport and art or to the professional counterparts in communities. From a more holistic point, I am in favor of the view that social sports and art events are supposed to receive more government financial aid.
If governments spend more grants in professional sports and events, the value and benefit of sports and arts can be appreciated by more public. A larger number of people ranging from the sports enthusiasts and art fans can be found in communities and the well-funded sports and art events can cater for their needs and bring them more physical and mental enjoyment. Therefore, the core value presented by sports and arts can be better realized and admired by the public. By comparison, sport and art in school are in the subordinate place, which are usually regarded as pastime by most students and teachers.
The sports and art events in community can also boost communication and interaction in neighborhood. People tend to go out their doors to view or participate in the various sports or arts events if the government pours more money into communities. And they can share their understanding when enjoying the work of art or cultivate a sense of belonging when taking part in sports events.
On the other hand, sport and art events in school are also worth government attention. Schools are usually short in funds and the financial assistance from government can make school life more diverse and colorful. However, the fund allocated to schools can generate fewer benefits and other non-government organizations can donor some amount of money to meet the requirement.
To conclude, the government should sponsor the sports and art activities in community even if schools are also in need of financial support.
(324 words)
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