GRE作文提綱作用+使用方法
為了幫助大家備考gre。了解更多關(guān)于gre的知識(shí)，打有準(zhǔn)備的仗，下面小編給大家?guī)?lái)GRE作文提綱作用+使用方法，希望大家喜歡。
GRE作文提綱作用+使用方法
個(gè)人認(rèn)為提綱的作用有兩點(diǎn)，
第一，穩(wěn)定軍心。當(dāng)你有了提綱，你起碼就知道先寫(xiě)什么后寫(xiě)什么了。這樣你就不會(huì)在寫(xiě)手中的句子時(shí)又一邊在慌神下面該怎么辦。對(duì)于一開(kāi)始的進(jìn)入狀態(tài)無(wú)異于定心之劑;
第二，層次清晰。如果碰到了以前有過(guò)提綱的那最好了，如果沒(méi)有，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)列了總歸比沒(méi)有的要好吧。列出了提綱，無(wú)論怎么樣，都要讓文章看起來(lái)有個(gè)系統(tǒng)，有個(gè)層次，有個(gè)邏輯順序。
主要的作用就是以上兩點(diǎn)。所以吾以為給作文列提綱是非常必要和值得的。所謂的四兩拔千金，可以很好的解釋這個(gè)原理。
再討論到如何實(shí)踐的問(wèn)題。有人會(huì)說(shuō)自己連文章都寫(xiě)不完，哪來(lái)多余的寫(xiě)提綱?
1、什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始練習(xí)在模考時(shí)加入提綱?
答：覺(jué)得比較適合的是在最后10天到一周的樣子。因?yàn)檫@首先需要在一定高強(qiáng)度的寫(xiě)作練習(xí)之后，再者，需要對(duì)題目已經(jīng)有了一定的把握。很多的提綱在之前都大體列過(guò)時(shí)。然后在限時(shí)中加入提綱的寫(xiě)作。
2、用多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間列提綱?
答：我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是ISSUE總體比ARGU短。ISSUE大體要2-3分鐘，ARGU怎么都要3分鐘。可能要5分鐘。
3、提綱里都要包含些什么?
答：ISSUE來(lái)說(shuō)，讀第一遍題目時(shí)把關(guān)鍵詞提出來(lái)，接著將核心話題列出來(lái)，根據(jù)這個(gè)話題開(kāi)始一條一條列出你要寫(xiě)的東西;ARGU來(lái)說(shuō)，因?yàn)轭}目比較長(zhǎng)，所以讀題的時(shí)間就要比前者長(zhǎng)。第一遍建議先把每一個(gè)意群講的是什么簡(jiǎn)要提出來(lái)，排上序號(hào);第二從這些小短句分析其文章結(jié)構(gòu)和主要錯(cuò)誤;第三把自己對(duì)錯(cuò)誤的闡述順序列出來(lái)。這樣差不多是可以的了。
4、列提綱的一些技巧
答：需要在練習(xí)中找到自己的記錄法，哪種縮寫(xiě)是自己看得明了的。不要記出來(lái)的摘要最后自己還要辨析幾分鐘||| 建議在平時(shí)列提綱的時(shí)候就有意識(shí)的做一下限定時(shí)間練習(xí)，看2-3分鐘能不能把大體的框架列出來(lái)。
其他：
我覺(jué)得如果正確掌握提綱的寫(xiě)法和時(shí)間分配問(wèn)題，將是對(duì)于AW的核心實(shí)力的一種提高。對(duì)比于其他人，無(wú)論如何都是要略勝一籌的。鼓勵(lì)大家去積極嘗試，發(fā)掘自己最適合的一套方法。我主要就是站出來(lái)告訴大家，在45和30分鐘內(nèi)寫(xiě)兩個(gè)提綱+ISSUE650和ARGU550+還剩平均3分鐘時(shí)間檢查，是絕對(duì)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的。因?yàn)槲易约壕褪抢印?/p>
GRE寫(xiě)作Issue題目分析與提綱1
120. "So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present."
現(xiàn)代社會(huì)是如此的嶄新和復(fù)雜以至于回首了解過(guò)去對(duì)于當(dāng)代生活已經(jīng)沒(méi)有太大幫助了。
Even though history offers few foolproof panaceas for living today, the author’s claim that today’s world is so unique that the past is irrelevant is too radical.
1. Admittedly, history has helped us learn the appropriateness of addressing certain social issues, particularly moral ones, on a societal level.
2. However, the only firm lesson from history about social ills is that they are here to stay.
現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去
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126. "Society's external rewards are no measure of true success. True success can be measured only in relation to the goals one sets for oneself."
社會(huì)給予的客觀獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)并不能衡量真正的成功。真正的成功只能是取決于一個(gè)人為他自己設(shè)定的目標(biāo)。
Success should be gauged on a personal base.
1. Society’s external rewards can only be regarded as society’s recognition of one’s contribution to society.
2. For an individual person, a correct attitude is to gauge success in relation to the goals one sets for oneself.
3. Overemphasizing the social criterion of success tends to belittle the worth of an individual.
客觀和主觀
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133. "The problems of modern society have led many people to complain: 'We live in terrible times.' Yet, given the choice, no one today would prefer to live in any other time."
現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的問(wèn)題是很多人都在抱怨：“我們生活在一個(gè)可怕的時(shí)代?！钡羌僭O(shè)讓他們選擇的話，現(xiàn)在的人們?nèi)匀粫?huì)選擇現(xiàn)在而不是其他的時(shí)代。
We live in the best time of history.
1. Firstly, our living conditions today are superior to those of any past generations.
2. Secondly, technologies have made it possible for men to work under much more comfortable working conditions today than before.
3. Most of the problems troubling us today have been troubling human beings for a long time.
時(shí)間
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140. "What society has thought to be its greatest social, political, and individual achievements have often resulted in the greatest discontent."
被社會(huì)自詡為是它最偉大的社會(huì)、政治和個(gè)人成就的東西結(jié)果往往帶來(lái)最大的非議。
Agree with concession:
1. With respect to individual achievements, great achievers are by nature ambitious people and therefore tend to be dissatisfied and discontent with their accomplishments—no matter how great.
2. Individual achievements can often result in discontent on a societal level.
3. Turning from individual achievements to societal, including political, achievements, the extent to which great achievement have caused discontent often depends on one’s perspective.
社會(huì)和人民大眾
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142. "The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority."
當(dāng)很多人都質(zhì)疑權(quán)威的時(shí)候社會(huì)就會(huì)繁榮昌盛。
Agree with concession:
1. Admittedly, when many people question authority, some societal harm might result, even if a social cause is worthy.
2. While violence is rarely justifiable as a means of questioning authority, peaceful challenges to political and legal authority, by many people, are not only justifiable but actually necessary when it comes to enhancing and even preserving society’s well-being.
3. Questioning authority is also essential for advances in the sciences.
4. Similarly, in the arts, people must challenge established styles and forms rather than imitate them; otherwise, no genuinely new art would ever emerge, and society would be worse off.
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149. "The most practical and effective way to protect wilderness areas is to attract more tourists to these areas through environmentally sensitive projects."
保護(hù)野生環(huán)境最實(shí)際和最有效的途徑就是通過(guò)環(huán)保的(旅游)項(xiàng)目吸引更多的旅游者來(lái)這些地區(qū)(旅游)。
Disagree
1. Tourists swarming to visit the environmentally sensitive projects may pose a serious threat to the wildness areas.
2. The most practical and effective way to protect wilderness areas is to leave those places to take care of themselves.
環(huán)保和旅游的關(guān)系
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152. "The only responsibility of corporate executives, provided they stay within the law, is to make as much money as possible for their companies."
公司的經(jīng)營(yíng)者們唯一的責(zé)任就是在法律規(guī)定范圍之內(nèi)為他們的公司賺盡可能多的錢(qián)。
In several respects this position has considerable merit; yet it ignores certain compelling arguments for imposing on businesses additional obligations to the society in which they operate.
1. On the one hand are convincing arguments that profit maximization within the bounds of the law should be a business executive’s sole responsibility. First, imposing on businesses additional duties to society in which they operate can, paradoxically, harm that society.
2. Secondly, by affirming that profit maximization within legal bounds is the most ethical behavior possible for business, more private enterprises and individuals will be encouraged enter the marketplace in the quest of profits.
3. On the other hand are compelling arguments for holding business executives to certain responsibilities in addition to profit maximization and to compliance with the letter of law.
GRE寫(xiě)作Issue題目分析與提綱2
160. "The most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular principles and objectives. Any leader who is quickly and easily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish little."
對(duì)于一位強(qiáng)有力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者來(lái)說(shuō)，最關(guān)鍵的能力就是要對(duì)一些原則和目標(biāo)堅(jiān)定不移。任何領(lǐng)導(dǎo)如果很頻繁的、很輕易的為大眾意志而轉(zhuǎn)移的話，他將會(huì)一事無(wú)成。
In addressing the issue it is helpful to consider, in turn, three distinct forms of leadership: business, political and social-spiritual.
1. In the business realm, effective leadership is generally defined, at least in our corporate culture, as that which achieves the goal of profit maximization for a firm’s shareholders or other owners.
2. In the political realm, stubborn adherence to one’s objective in the short term might serve a political leader’s interest in preserving his or her power, yet in the long term such behavior invariably results in that leader’s downfall.
3. Socio-spiritual leadership, in order to be effective, inherently requires that the leader remain steadfastly committed to principle.
少數(shù)和多數(shù)之領(lǐng)導(dǎo)與大眾
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170. "The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but the general welfare of all its people."
一個(gè)偉大國(guó)家最真實(shí)的體現(xiàn)不是它的統(tǒng)治者、藝術(shù)家或者科學(xué)家的成就，而是他所有老百姓的普通福利(幸福)。
1. Admittedly, the overriding imperative of any democratic state is to enhance the general welfare of its citizenry. Yet the speaker fails to provide a clear litmus test for measuring that welfare.
2. Many scientific achievements serve to enhance a nation’s general welfare.
3. Artistic achievement is also needed to make a nation a better place for humans overall.
4. We should also be careful not to hastily assume that a nation is necessarily great merely by virtue of the achievements of individual citizens.
社會(huì)精英和人民大眾
the general welfare
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171. "People who pursue their own intellectual interests for purely personal reasons are more likely to benefit the rest of the world than are people who try to act for the public good."
能夠造福社會(huì)的是那些純粹出于個(gè)人原因而追求自己興趣知識(shí)的人，而不是那些打算為大眾謀福利的人。
Agree
1. By human nature we are motivated to pursue activities in which we excel.
2. Secondly, it is unusual avenues of personal interest that most often lead to the greatest contributions to society.
3. Thirdly, to adopt a view that runs contrary to the speaker’s position would be to sanction certain intellectual pursuits while proscribing others—which smacks of thought control and political oppression.
個(gè)人和整體之動(dòng)機(jī)
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174. "Laws should not be rigid or fixed. Instead, they should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places."
法律不應(yīng)該是僵化或固定的，而應(yīng)該根據(jù)不同的環(huán)境、時(shí)期和地點(diǎn)而足夠靈活。
1. On the one hand, a certain measure of consistency, stability and predictability in our laws is required in order for us to understand our legal obligations and rights as we go about our day-to-day business as a society.
2. On the other hand, rigid laws can result in unfairness if applied inflexibly in all places at all times.
法律的靈活性
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178. "It is possible to pass laws that control or place limits on people's behavior, but legislation cannot reform human nature. Laws cannot change what is in people's hearts and minds."
通過(guò)法律可以控制或者限制人們的行為，但是立法是無(wú)法改變?nèi)祟?lèi)本性的。法律無(wú)法改變?nèi)藗兊母星楹退枷搿?/p>
It is necessary to realize the limits of law when we hail “rule by law”.
1. Common tells us that without laws, society would fall into a state of chaos.
2. However, legislation cannot reform human nature.
3. Society should depend on education to cultivate people’s hearts and minds.
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180. "Many problems of modern society cannot be solved by laws and the legal system because moral behavior cannot be legislated."
現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的很多問(wèn)題是法律和立法系統(tǒng)無(wú)法解決的，因?yàn)榈赖滦袨槭菬o(wú)法用法律約束的。
I agree with this assertion insofar as it relates to constraints on certain personal freedoms. However, when it comes to the conduct of business, I think that moral behavior not only can but must be legislated for the purpose of alleviating societal problems.
1. Morality laws that impinge upon freedom of choice about our personal lives—to control what we do with and to ourselves—simply do not work in a democratic society.
2. Morality laws impinging on personal freedoms are not made any more useful or effective by purporting to serve the greater good of society, because on balance their costs far outweigh their benefits.
3. In sharp contrast to personal behavior, the behavior of businesses can and must be controlled through legislation.
道德和法律
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185. "Scandals--whether in politics, academia, or other areas--can be useful. They focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could."
丑聞----無(wú)論是政治、學(xué)術(shù)還是其他領(lǐng)域----可能會(huì)是有用的。丑聞可以用演說(shuō)家或者改革家無(wú)法使用的手段讓我們注意到某些問(wèn)題。
1. On the one hand, scandals can sometimes serve to call our attention to pervasive social or political problems that we would otherwise neglect.
2. On the other hand, scandals can sometimes serve chiefly to distract us from more pressing community or societal problems.
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