超詳細(xì)完整版托福寫作筆記，提升托福寫作成績(jī)
很多考托黨為了快速提升托福寫作成績(jī)，買了一堆一堆的書，做了一本一本的筆記.......當(dāng)你累的不堪重負(fù)，沖出書海的時(shí)候，成績(jī)卻還是不盡人意。為什么?因?yàn)槟銢]有一份真正完整!真正干貨的 托福寫作筆記 !今天就把這份壓箱底的貨都拿出來了，還不滾粗來學(xué)習(xí)啦!
托福寫作筆記:托福寫作概述
托福考試寫作分為兩個(gè)部分：綜合寫作和獨(dú)立寫作
1.The Integrated Writing Task：Reading, Listeningand Writing
(150-225 words, 20 minutes)
2.The Independent writing Task:
(300 words, 30 minutes)
托福寫作筆記:英漢兩種語言的區(qū)別
1、美國人與中國人思維方式的不同。
2、英漢句子結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)。英語重形和，重結(jié)構(gòu)，漢語重意和, 重語義。英語中常用復(fù)合句;漢語則常用短句，簡(jiǎn)單句。
3、英語多變化，漢語多重復(fù)。
4、英語被動(dòng)句多。漢語中主動(dòng)句多。
托福寫作筆記:中國學(xué)生寫作最易犯的十大錯(cuò)誤
1. Nowadays, collegestudent should learn competition and cooperation.
2. The problem that is created bycomputers attract(draw, spark, captivate, intrigue, arouse, yield, give riseto) much attention.
3. In present-day society, there are agreat many young people go abroad.
4. In my opinion, I think that smokingshould be banned in public places.
5. The computer can not instead thepivotal role played by teachers in education.
6. Some people welcome raising pets,others hold different opinions.
7. In large cities ofChinahas manyfast food shops.
8. At college, we should learn as muchknowledge as possible so that we can be well prepared for our future career.
9. Some students are interested inplay computer games.
10. You really have two down sons.
托福寫作筆記:托福寫作25分必備的50個(gè)意群詞匯
1、持某觀點(diǎn)：claim ( contend reckon share the belief that )
2、支持某觀點(diǎn)：advocate (maintain vote for side with be in favor of )
3、反對(duì)某觀點(diǎn)：contradict (criticize be against cast doubts on )
4、合理的：justified ( sensible feasible convincing hold water bear much analysis)
5、好處：advantage (benefit, merit, positive side)
6、弊端：disadvantage( defect, demerit, negative side)
7、肯定：undoubtedly (indeed undeniably there is no denying that)
8、不確定：be likely to ( potentially presumably)
9、重要的：essential (significant, vital, crucial, critical, fundamental, indispensable)
10、有益的：beneficial (conducive instrumental )
11、有害的：detrimental (harmful virulent)
12、有爭(zhēng)議的：controversial (disputable, contentious)
13、普遍的：widespread ( prevalent, universal)
14、顯著地：considerably (significantly, remarkably, dramatically, tremendously, substantially)
15、明顯的：evident (apparent, manifest)
16、增強(qiáng)：enhance (strengthen intensify)
17、減少：decline (descend, collapse, relieve)
18、大約：approximately(nearly, around, estimated, roughly)
19、趨勢(shì)：trend(tendency, inclination)
20、預(yù)見：predict (expect, project)
21、帶來：bring about (result in, lead to)
22、引起：create (spark ; yield;; give rise to)
23、建立：establish (found, institute)
24、要求：call for (request，demand)
25、去除：eliminate(remove, eradicate)
26、探討：explore (examine, identify)
27、描繪：depict (portray, illustrate)
28、后果：consequence( aftermath; outcome)
29、足夠：adequate (enough; sufficient)
30、解決:tackle ( resolve, address)
31、意識(shí):awareness(consciousness)
32、控制:curb ( regulate, censor)
33、解釋：account for ( be responsible for)
34、投資：finance (invest in, subsidize)
35、緩解：relieve ( ease, alleviate)
36、壓力：stress ( pressure, strain)
37、和諧：harmony ( concordance)
38、繼承：inherit (hand down)
39、培養(yǎng)：cultivate (train, foster)
40、促進(jìn)：promote ( contribute to, upgrade)
41、適應(yīng)：adapt to (adjust to, acclimate to)
42、提供：provide (render, afford)
43、替代：replace (substitute, take the place of)
44、保護(hù)：preserve (protect)
45、證據(jù)：evidence (proof)
46、贏得：gain (acquire, attain)
47、國外的：foreign( alien, exotic)
48、災(zāi)難：disaster (misfortune, catastrophe)
49、發(fā)展：advance (progress)
50、傾向于：tend to ( be inclined to , be apt to)
托福寫作筆記:實(shí)用加分句子
托福寫作常用“十大句式”
一、否定句
1、Instead of indulging in playing computer games, children should betaught how to benefit from useful information on the internet.
應(yīng)該教孩子們?nèi)绾螐幕ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)獲取有益的信息，而不是沉溺于玩電腦游戲。
2、On no account (Under no circumstances)can we ignore the immensevalue of knowledge.
我們絕不能忽視知識(shí)的巨大價(jià)值。
3、College students take part-time jobs not for more money but for abetter understanding of societies.
大學(xué)生參加兼職工作不是為了賺更多錢，而是為了更好地了解社會(huì)。
4、One’s salary doesnot depend so much on his educational background as on his ability andcontribution to the society.
一個(gè)人的工資與其說取決于他的教育背景倒不如說取決于他的能力和對(duì)社會(huì)的貢獻(xiàn)。
5、In terms of nutrition, fast food is far from satisfactory.
從營(yíng)養(yǎng)角度來說，快餐遠(yuǎn)非令人滿意。
6、Parents would not expect their children to become useful personswithout working hard.
父母?jìng)儾荒苤竿⒆觽儾唤?jīng)過刻苦努力就可以成才。
二、非限制性定語從句
1、Undoubtedly, practical courses can be used to the reality, which isof vital importance to their development in the future.
毫無疑問，實(shí)用性課程可以用于實(shí)際中，這對(duì)于他們未來發(fā)展是非常重要的。
2、Children tend to imitate what they have seen and heard on massmedia, which is sometimes dangerous and harmful.
孩子們傾向于模仿大眾媒體上的所見所聞，這在有時(shí)是危險(xiǎn)和有害的。
3、The majority of students believe that part-time jobs will providethem with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which mayput them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
大部分學(xué)生相信業(yè)余工作會(huì)使他們有更多機(jī)會(huì)發(fā)展人際交往能力, 這對(duì)他們未來找工作是非常有好處的.
三、讓步句
1、This view is widely acknowledged;however，there is little evidence that smoking is beneficial to people’s health.
這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)被廣泛認(rèn)可，然而，幾乎沒有證據(jù)表明吸煙對(duì)人們健康有利。
2、Although(While) the computer has been widely used in class, itcannot replace the role of teachers.
盡管計(jì)算機(jī)已經(jīng)廣泛用于課堂，但是它不能取代教師的作用。
3、Reasonable as the opinion sounds, it cannot bear much analysis.
雖然這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)聽起來有道理，但是它經(jīng)不住分析
4、In spite of a lot of conveniencesthat cars bring to people’s life, they can create a series of serious problems.
盡管汽車給人們的生活帶來了許多便利，但是也產(chǎn)生了一系列嚴(yán)重的問題。
四、It 引導(dǎo)的句子
1、It is hard to imagine what our life would look like withoutcomputers in modern society.
很難想象如果現(xiàn)代社會(huì)沒有了計(jì)算機(jī)，我們的生活會(huì)變成什么樣子。
2、It is conceivable that being physically active does good to health.
可想而知，積極參加體育活動(dòng)有利于身體健康。
3、It is a highly controversial issue whether women should join thearmed forces or not.
女性是否應(yīng)該參軍是一個(gè)非常有爭(zhēng)議的問題。
4、It is universally acknowledged that water and air are indispensableto human beings.
人們普遍認(rèn)為，水和空氣對(duì)人類不可缺少。
5、It is essential that endangered species of animals be protected againstbeing killed.
保護(hù)瀕危的動(dòng)物物種免遭殘殺是必需的。
6、It is high time that the government took effective measures toresolve these problems.
該是政府采取有效措施來解決這些問題的時(shí)候了
7、It has been made easier for modern people to communicate with eachother by the internet in a few seconds.
現(xiàn)代人很容易通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在幾秒鐘內(nèi)就取得聯(lián)系。
8、It is worth caring about the way a child behaves.
關(guān)心孩子們的行為方式是值得的。
9、It has been a few decades since the computer came into being.
自從計(jì)算機(jī)問世以來已經(jīng)有幾十年的時(shí)間了。
五、假設(shè)句
1、If we destroy old buildings, then we will ruin the traditionalculture and heritage.
如果我們推倒老房子，就要破壞傳統(tǒng)的文化和遺產(chǎn)。
2、You would miss the chance to interact with other students if youused internet at home.
假如你在家上網(wǎng)，你就會(huì)失去與其他同學(xué)交流的機(jī)會(huì)。
3、Once you change your present job, you will be faced with the dangerof being unemployed.
一旦你變換了現(xiàn)在的工作，就面臨著失業(yè)的危險(xiǎn)。
六、倒裝句
1、Only in this way can the problem be tackled properly.
只有這樣才能妥善地解決這個(gè)問題。
2、Only when children take arduous efforts can they become successful.
只有當(dāng)孩子們付出艱苦的努力他們才能獲得成功。
3、Not only does studying in school serve academic purpose, butstudents learn how to handle interpersonal relations.
在校學(xué)習(xí)不僅為了學(xué)術(shù)目的，而且還可以學(xué)會(huì)如何處理人際關(guān)系。
4、Under no circumstances should youngsters follow negative informationon mass media blindly.
青少年決不應(yīng)當(dāng)盲從大眾媒體上的不良信息。
5、So valuable is water that we cannot afford to waste it.
時(shí)間是如此珍貴，我們經(jīng)不起浪費(fèi)它。
6、Nowadays, most dangerous for youngsters is the tendency to indulgein playing PC games.
如今對(duì)青少年最為危險(xiǎn)的事情是傾向于過多地玩電腦游戲。
七、強(qiáng)調(diào)句
1、It is for the benefit of maintaining the ecological balance thathuman beings ought to protect the endangered animal species.
正是為了維持生態(tài)平衡，人類才應(yīng)該保護(hù)地球上瀕危的動(dòng)物物種。
2、It is not until people suffer from some fatal diseases such as SARSand AIDS that they are becoming aware of how significant it is for thegovernment to invest more money in medical care.
直到人們患了像非典和愛滋病這樣致命的疾病時(shí)，才意識(shí)到政府把更多的錢投入到醫(yī)療上的重要性。
八、比較句
1、Studies show that juvenile delinquency rates are twice as high foryoungsters from single-parent families as for those intraditional households. (同級(jí)比較)
研究表明來自單親家庭的青少年犯罪率是來自傳統(tǒng)家庭的兩倍。
2、Generally speaking, people in modern times enjoy less leisure timethan they did previously. (比較級(jí))
一般說來，現(xiàn)代人比過去享有更少的休閑時(shí)間。
3、Compared with those with different abilities, children with intelligencedo more well in their school work and intelligence tests.
與不同能力的孩子相比，聰明的孩子在學(xué)業(yè)和智力測(cè)驗(yàn)方面表現(xiàn)更加突出。
4、Contrary to pop stars, other professionals like doctors and teacherscreate the true value for their society.
與明星不同，其他專業(yè)人員如醫(yī)生和教師為社會(huì)創(chuàng)造了真正的價(jià)值。
5、Air is to human what (as) water is to fish.
空氣對(duì)人類就如同水對(duì)魚一樣
九、插入語
1、Computers, most important of all, create wide communication aroundthe world. 最重要的是，計(jì)算機(jī)在世界范圍內(nèi)建立了廣泛的交流。
2、Providing more parking areas, in the long run, has proved to be apractical way out in many large cities in the world.
從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的利益來看，提供更多的停車位證明是許多世界大城市切實(shí)可行的出路。
3、Observing local culture, consciously and unconsciously, can reducethe chance of offending the locals, or it will lead to the embarrassment andeven conflict.
無論是否意識(shí)到，遵循當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕梢詼p少冒犯當(dāng)?shù)厝说臋C(jī)會(huì)，否則，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致尷尬甚至沖突。
4、Space exploration, some people believe, will bring some unexpecteddiscoveries.
有人相信空間探索將會(huì)帶來意想不到的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
十、原因句
1、Violent films can do harm to young people, because they containsnumerous negative information.
暴力影片對(duì)年輕人是有害的，因?yàn)槠渲邪罅控?fù)面信息。
2、Human beings are chiefly responsible for wild animalextinction.
野生動(dòng)物滅絕的主要責(zé)任在人類。
3、We should attribute (ascribe)medical advances to the animals whichdo substantial contributions to the experiment.
我們應(yīng)該把醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展歸因于動(dòng)物對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)做出的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。
4、Because of overpopulation, water shortage has become one of the mostserious problems.
由于人口過剩，水短缺已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)最嚴(yán)重的問題。
5、Owing to the fierce competition in today’s world, a great many young peoplefind themselves under great pressure.
由于當(dāng)今世界的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，大量的年輕人承受巨大的壓力。
英語句子成分
1、主語(名詞，代詞，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，句子)
2、謂語(動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語)
3、賓語(名詞，代詞，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，句子。
跟不定式作賓語的常見動(dòng)詞：
want agree hope plan decide offer prefer wish intend fail desirerefuse afford choose manage expect aim promise consent pretend neglect ignoreomit happen determine demand threaten resolve decline propose undertakevolunteer。
跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語的常見動(dòng)詞：
finishenjoy mind keep stop dislike consider suggest miss avoid regret admitacknowledge delay practice deny imagine postpone risk advocate recall resistappreciate cannot help confess escape fancy defer resent evade contemplate forgivepermit detest repent。
跟雙賓語的常見動(dòng)詞：
asksent show teach give bring buy find get keep lend tell write wish offer deprive
4、表語(名詞，形容詞：某些形容詞，如careless,absurd, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly,stupid, good, nice, kind thoughtful, inconsiderate, greedy, money-orientedacquisitive materialistic generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel,selfish, self-centered egocentric wicked, wrong等不定式后可以加of來引導(dǎo)出其邏輯主語。代詞，數(shù)詞，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，分詞，介詞短語，句子)
5、定語(形容詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，不定式，名詞，動(dòng)名詞，分詞，介詞短語，句子)
6、狀語(副詞，形容詞短語, 不定式，分詞，介詞短語，名詞，句子)
7、補(bǔ)語(形容詞，名詞，不定式：下面的動(dòng)詞要求不定式做賓補(bǔ)：動(dòng)詞+賓語+動(dòng)詞不定式-----ask get prompt allow forbidprefer announce force press inspire require assist hate pronounce advise recommend bear implore remind beg induce reportcompel invite command intend show drive mean train causeinstruct deserve leave tell direct tempt entitle order warn enable needurge encourage oblige condemn
teach entreat permit wish，分詞，介詞短語)
8、同位語(名詞，不定式，動(dòng)名詞, 句子，后跟同位語從句的常見詞f---actnews question proposal report altitude (latitude longitude evidence proof suggestion request ideaconclusion thought notion value fiction fear)
9、插入語(不定式，分詞，介詞短語，句子)
常用典型句式
1.This view is now being questioned by more and more people.
這一觀點(diǎn)正受到越來越多人的質(zhì)疑。
2.Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information I've collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.
盡管許多人認(rèn)為隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展，用自行車的人數(shù)會(huì)減少，自行車可能會(huì)消亡， 然而，這幾年我收集的一些信息讓我相信自行車仍然會(huì)繼續(xù)在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)發(fā)揮極其重要的作用。
3.Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.
環(huán)境學(xué)家指出：持續(xù)增加的污染不僅會(huì)導(dǎo)致像全球變暖這樣嚴(yán)重的問題，而且還將威脅到人類在這個(gè)星球的生存。
4.In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.
考慮到這些嚴(yán)重的狀況，我們比以往任何時(shí)候更需要像自行車這樣的環(huán)保型交通工具。
5.Using bicycle contributes greatly to people's physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.
使用自行車有助于人們的身體健康，并極大地緩解了交通阻塞。
6.Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.
盡管自行車有許多明顯的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但是它也存在它的問題。
7.Bicycle can't be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.
在速度和舒適度方面，自行車是無法和汽車、火車這樣的交通工具相比的。
8.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.
通過以上討論，我們可以得出結(jié)論：自行車的優(yōu)點(diǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于缺點(diǎn)，并且在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)它仍將發(fā)揮重要作用。
9.There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.
當(dāng)前在高校和研究機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)教育存在著大量爭(zhēng)論，其中一個(gè)問題就是教育是否是個(gè)終身學(xué)習(xí)的過程。
10.This issue has caused wide public concern.
這個(gè)問題已經(jīng)引起了廣泛關(guān)注。
11.It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.
必須指出學(xué)習(xí)只能K自己。
12.A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a person's education is a most important aspect of his life.
許多人存在這樣的誤解，認(rèn)為離開學(xué)校就意味著結(jié)束了他們的教育。顯然，他們忽視了教育是人生重要部分這一基本事實(shí)。
13.As for me, I'm in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons：
就我而言，我同意教育不應(yīng)該隨著畢業(yè)而結(jié)束的觀點(diǎn)，有以下原因：
14.It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.
人們普遍認(rèn)為高校是不可能在畢業(yè)的時(shí)候教會(huì)他們的學(xué)生所有知識(shí)的。
15.Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.
即使最優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)生，要想成為一個(gè)博學(xué)的人也要不斷地學(xué)習(xí)。
16.It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.
人們普遍認(rèn)為我們的現(xiàn)代科技使我們的社會(huì)發(fā)生了巨大的變化，近幾十年人類在科技方面取得了驚人的進(jìn)步。
17.Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
現(xiàn)在越來越多的人開始相信學(xué)習(xí)新的技術(shù)和知識(shí)能直接幫助他們獲得工作就會(huì)或提升的機(jī)會(huì)。
18.An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.
一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示許多老人都有到大學(xué)繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)的愿望。
19.For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.
對(duì)大多數(shù)人來講，退休以后，閱讀或?qū)W習(xí)一項(xiàng)新技術(shù)已成為他們生活的中心和快樂的來源。
20.For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.
對(duì)于那些想過上健康而有意義的生活的人們來說，找時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)一些新知識(shí)是很重要的，正如那句老話：活到老，學(xué)到老。
21.There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students' doing a part-time job.
對(duì)于大學(xué)或高中生打工這一現(xiàn)象，校園里進(jìn)行著廣泛的爭(zhēng)論。
22.By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.
通過做一份和專業(yè)相關(guān)的工作，學(xué)生不僅能夠提高他們的專業(yè)能力，而且能獲得從課本上得不到的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
23.Although people's lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day.
近幾十年，盡管人們的生活有了驚人的改變，但必須承認(rèn)，由于學(xué)費(fèi)和書費(fèi)日益飛漲，資金短缺仍然是學(xué)生們面臨的最大問題之一。
24.Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.
因此，業(yè)余工作掙來的錢將強(qiáng)有力地支持學(xué)生們繼續(xù)他們的求學(xué)生活。
25.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.
通過上面的討論，我們不難得出結(jié)論：業(yè)余工作對(duì)學(xué)生們會(huì)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響，我們應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生從事業(yè)余工作，這將有利于學(xué)生和他們的家庭，甚至整個(gè)社會(huì)。
26.These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.
現(xiàn)在，越來越多的人們開始抱怨工作比以前更有壓力。許多專家指出這是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)發(fā)展必然的結(jié)果，無法避免。
27.It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.
人們普遍認(rèn)為計(jì)算機(jī)和其他機(jī)器已經(jīng)成為我們社會(huì)必不可少的一部分。它們使我們的生活更舒適，減少了大量勞動(dòng)。
28.At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.
同時(shí)，隨著這些機(jī)器帶給我們的好處，員工們也必須要學(xué)習(xí)與之相關(guān)的知識(shí)以便使用它們。
29.No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.
沒有人能否認(rèn)這一基本事實(shí)：對(duì)于一般工人來講，輕松掌握這些技術(shù)是不可能的。
30.In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.
第二方面，失業(yè)的人似乎太多而又沒有足夠的工作崗位。
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